Primary school Chinese
(Full score: 100)
The first part is educational theory and practice.
I. Fill in the blanks (0.5 points for each blank, ***5 points)
1. In classroom teaching, teachers' nonverbal expression art is very rich, usually through gestures, gestures,
-Eyes.-Wait.
2. Strive to build a new Chinese curriculum.
3. The curriculum objectives are designed according to three dimensions: —————.
4. Cultivate the emotion of loving the language and writing of the motherland, cultivate the harmony of Chinese learning, and master the most basic Chinese learning.
Second, true or false (65438+ 0 points for each small question, ***5 points)
1. The nature of Chinese curriculum is not single, but diversified. ( )
2. In grade1-2, the expression biased towards practical requirements ("mastering the basic strokes, stroke order rules, frame structure and common radicals of Chinese characters") was changed to the expression biased towards learning process ("being able to write with a hard pen according to the stroke order rules, paying attention to the frame").
Structure). ( )
3. Reading teaching is a dialogue between students and texts. ( )
4. "Humanism" emphasizes the cultural function that Chinese curriculum affects students' thoughts and feelings and the humanistic characteristics of the curriculum. ( )
5. Teaching methods based on guided inquiry include discussion and practice. ( )
Part II Professional Basic Knowledge
First, multiple-choice questions (2 points for each small question, *** 10)
1. Each pair of words added to the following words has a different pronunciation. ().
A. Visit/exhaust submachine guns/shock waves do whatever they want/behave in various ways.
B. meteorites/stunts turn my stomach/plunge headlong into the mountains/walk the line.
C. Outline/Abutment/Urgency/Irony
D. Seal script/blank point of rafter/empty city plan, Yugong moving mountains/cold corner crying
2. Among the following groups of words, the group without typos is ().
A. More and more early, the court argued, made irresponsible remarks and burst into laughter.
B. Be careless and cheerful, know everything, and push your heart into your stomach.
C. Sudden, followed by exquisite and seamless
D. Arrange a lantern and tie a knot with * * * I don't know where it will end.
3. "Promise others to keep your word" is different from this sentence ().
A.can you break your promise to others?
B. promise others that you must keep your word!
C.do you have to keep your promise?
D. you can't break your promise to others.
4. The flower name in the following poems is ().
Spring can't close the garden, one branch-out of the wall.
(2) children hurried after Huang Die, fly into-nowhere to be found.
(3) Like the strong wind in spring, when night comes, thousands of trees-open.
(4) Outside the bamboo-three or two branches, the prophet of warming ducks in the spring river.
A. Peach blossom, apricot, cauliflower and pear flower
B. red apricot cauliflower, pear flower and peach blossom
C. Peach blossom, pear blossom and apricot blossom
D. Cauliflower, peach blossom, pear blossom and apricot blossom
5. On a rainy day, Annie wanted to observe what was in the crystal clear enzyme rain. He glanced at the water droplets under the microscope and couldn't help exclaiming. "-"the most appropriate sentence should be ().
A. don't look at the clear water drops. There are bugs in it!
B: There are so many bugs, and they are all moving!
C.bugs！ So many bugs are moving!
D. I didn't expect bugs in the water droplets.
Second, science and technology reading (14 points)
Read the following scientific article and complete the questions.
As people get older, they will feel that their memory is getting worse and worse. Is it true?/You don't say.
② The number of human brain nerve cells is the largest at birth, about 6543.8+000 billion. With the development of human beings, the number of brain cells is gradually decreasing, which is tens of thousands every day, that is to say, one is reduced every second. People think that with fewer and fewer brain cells, memory will decline. However, only a few percent of the 654.38+000 billion nerve cells are related to memory. Moreover, in the central "hippocampus" where people control memory, nerve cells are constantly proliferating. Hippocampus is a part of the brain, located in the inner side of the lateral lobe of the brain, with a diameter of about 1 cm and a length of about 10 cm, showing a curved cucumber shape.
③ The researchers initially confirmed that hippocampal neurons would proliferate in mouse experiments. They put some toys that can turn around like water wheels in one of the two mouse breeding boxes, and there is nothing in the other. The results showed that neurons in hippocampus proliferated 15% in the environment with toys, that is, in the environment with many stimuli.
This is not a special phenomenon that only happens in mice, but also in the human brain. Mcguire, a British cognitive neuroscientist, confirmed this.
He aimed at the brain of a London taxi driver. The professional specialty of a taxi driver is that as long as the passengers tell him where to go, he can arrive in a short time and find his destination ji6jing in the criss-crossing roads. Before him.
Children's brains-the basic situation of 24,000 roads in London] can be accurately extracted from these rich memories and kept in their minds when necessary. According to the survey of taxi drivers in mcguire, their hippocampus is bigger than the average person. The longer they drive, the more developed their hippocampus is. The hippocampus of the old drivers who have worked for 30 years is 3% bigger than that of the young drivers. In other words, in terms of brain function, memory will be improved through exercise, which has nothing to do with age.
The hippocampus dominates memory, but it is not the hippocampus that keeps memory, but the lateral head lobe of the brain. Information from the outside world is sent to the hippocampus through the lateral lobe of the brain and stays there for a period of time. The hippocampus plays the role of "scheduling", and it is screened according to the importance of information. If the confirmation must be remembered, it will be sent to the lateral head again as a memory, and the rest will automatically come out.
⑦ If there is no hippocampus in the brain, what will be the result? In the experiment with monkeys, the researchers removed the hippocampus after the monkeys remembered some things, but the monkeys could not remember these things. However, the lateral parietal lobe is still functioning normally.
Yes, what I remember before is still intact. Interestingly, this monkey doesn't remember what happened one month before the hippocampus was removed, because this information is waiting to be screened in the hippocampus. The conclusion we draw from it is that important things must be reviewed within one month after being remembered.
It is an illusion that memory will decline when you get older. Memory decline is not due to the decrease of brain nerve cells, but to the weakening of enthusiasm for things and the loss of curiosity. People who are curious about knowledge, even when they are old.
Ji, memory will not decline, but will be more.
1. Write the corresponding words according to the pinyin in the text. (2 points)
jijing shān chúwàng shèng
( ) ( ) ( )
2. What rhetoric method is used in the first paragraph? What role did it play in the text? (2 points)
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3. What does the underlined part of the text say? (2 points)
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4. The word to be selected in the three spaces in paragraph (5) is (). ( 1)
A. Select the reserve forecast B. Judge the reserve forecast
C, selecting storage and playback D, judging storage and playback.
5. Among the following statements, the one that is consistent with the original text is (). ( 1)
A. There are 654.38+000 billion brain cells, only a few percent of which are related to memory, but they will decrease with human development, leading to memory decline.
B. "Hippocampus" is the center of human memory control, located in the inner side of the lateral frontal lobe of the brain, which receives and transmits information, and holds the screened memory information.
C within one month, after the information sent by the medial cephalic lobe to the outside world is "predetermined" and screened, the important part is returned to the hippocampus for safekeeping, and the rest is automatically deleted. So important things must be reviewed within one month after remembering.
D. "Old people have poor memory" is an illusion. According to the "mouse experiment" and mcguire's investigation, the older a person is, the more developed his hippocampus is, so his memory is stronger.
6. From the full text, what are the characteristics and functions of hippocampus? (4 points)
Features: ————————————————————————————————————
Function: —————————————
7. Use "║" to divide the structure of this article. (2 points)
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧
Three, classical Chinese reading (12 points)
Read the following classical Chinese and complete the questions.
Li Fu's uncle Zhang was the first to connect people. I was born smart and alert. At the beginning, the shadow was used to make up for Nan 'an households, and Qi Yangwei was found, which made the vibration insufficient, that is, the sound. Photographed in Qiyang county, Dazhi county and Hunan appeasement shogunate. When I stole Yongzhou, I recruited it. I can't stay for more than a year. Together with Senator Jun Deng, 1,300 people broke the nest, and the bird thief Jiang Kui chose his father and son to return, leaving the other side flat. Photographed in Xiangtan County, there are many people in the county, and the former commander did not dare to commit crimes. He collects books and pays taxes, and does not shy away from your feelings.
In the first year of Xianchun, he entered Lin 'an Prefecture. When Jia Sidao was in power, Yin Qian stayed at home. I have nothing to ask. Fu forced people to death, as if to save them, arguing back and forth with books, but actually setting up various laws. After the people tasted the fire reading equipment (fire extinguishing equipment), they asked those who were not equipped and said, "It's like Taoism." Stand on a stick. Tao seemed furious, which made Taiwan minister Huang falsely accuse him of taking bribes and stop him.
The troops (Yuan soldiers) took Ezhou, and only then did they increase the punishment for Hunan. The county was disturbed by thieves and the people fled. The headquarters was ordered to send militia to defend themselves. The county gave a flag and said, "Those who make trouble will be cut off." People started posting. Instead, he called for the formation of an army. He chose 3,000 strong men so that the local tyrant Yin could be loyal and diligent. Don't ask the militia to gather in Hengyang for garrison. A few days later, it seemed that Wuhu was defeated and the official was reinstated, knowing that Tanzhou was also the special envoy of Hunan Anfu. At that time, all counties in Hubei had joined the army, and his friend advised me not to do it. I cried and said, "I don't know how to make a living." First, I was trained by the country to use the world: I am lucky to use me today, I owe the country to use the world, I am lucky to use me today, and I promise the country with my family. "When his beloved daughter died, she walked away.
In July of the first year of Deyou, he arrived in Tanzhou, where he mobilized troops and was exhausted. Then he entered Xiangyin and Yiyang counties, and rushed to recruit less than 3,000 people, and ordered Liu Xiaozhong to take over the army. In October, the soldiers attacked the Western Wall, filial piety and loyalty went into battle, and they personally took the stone governor. And the wounded, who comfort themselves every day and encourage their soldiers with loyalty and justice. Death and injury depend on each other, and people still drink blood and fight in the city. Those who come to surrender will be killed for favoritism.
I'm just an introduction, I'm not afraid of being strong, I'm sensitive to things, and I won't lie. And powerful, from Dan to dusk, never tired, the night rate will stop at the third drum. Five drums and then get up to see things. I have lived in a clean and honest government all my life and have no family.
(History of the Song Dynasty, Volume 450, with changes)
1. One of the words added in the following sentence is (). (2 points)
A. Photos taken in Qiyang County and Dazhi County: Agency and Management
B. People started posting: stability
C. People still drink blood and occupy the city to the death: take the opportunity.
D. killing for personal gain: showing people.
2. In the following groups of sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage is (). (2 points)
A: ① Taihe Senator Deng Jiong raised 1,300 people to break the nest; (2) if so, who can defend them?
B: ① Go to the pool, and the soldiers by the pool will go all out. (2) don't avoid the minister's early death, drinking and resigning?
C.① I don't know how to find the body? (2) Green comes from blue, and green is blue.
D: ① I am willing to take an arrow to supervise; (2) is that sent China soldiers to attack the state of Qin.
3. The following sentences are divided into four groups, and the group that best reflects Li Fei's "sense of hardship" is (). (2 points)
(1) Tai and Senator Deng Jiong raised 1,300 people to break the nest.
I have nothing to do.
(3) Tai ordered his troops to send militia to defend themselves, and the county gave him a banner that read, "Those who make trouble will be cut off."
(4) Make local tyrant Yin Fenzhong diligent, and don't call the militia to set Hengyang as a garrison.
His beloved daughter left when she died.
You live an honest life, but there is nothing at home.
A.①②⑤B.①③④C.②④⑥D.③⑤⑥
4. The following description and analysis of the original text is incorrect (). (2 points)
A. Facing the rich and powerful family in Xiangtan County, he is not as timid as the former county magistrate, but checks the household registration and apportions taxes.
B. In dealing with Fu's death, Li Yi wrote to Jia Sidao many times to state his views, and finally dealt with it according to law.
C. After Jia Sidao's defeat in Wuhu, the court had to restore Li Fu's official position, and Li Fu was persuaded by his friends to serve as Tanzhou well-known and Hunan Anfu ambassador.
D Li Fei is often busy with official business from morning till night, and he doesn't feel tired at night. In addition, he usually works until the third night to rest, and then carries out official work on the fifth night.
5. Translate the following classical Chinese sentences into modern Chinese.
(1) Thanks to the world, I am lucky to use me now, and I will make my country rich with my family. (2 points)
(2) If there are injured people, they should devote themselves to self-help and encourage their soldiers with loyalty. (2 points)
Four, the appreciation of ancient poetry (10)
Read the following Song lyrics and then answer this question.
Serenade of Peaceful Joy/ Lyrics to the Joy of Peace and Tranquillity
(Song) Li Qingzhao
When I was a child, it snowed every year, and I often indulged in the enthusiasm of plums. It's no use pressing plum blossoms, it's better than tears all over your clothes.
I lived in a remote place when the plum blossoms were in bloom this year, and my ears were short and thin. Look at the plum blossom blown by the night wind, and it is probably hard to see its gorgeous.
[Note] Press ru6, which means "rub".
The word 1. beats the pulse of the poet's life everywhere. Poets' feelings about "appreciating plum blossoms" vary with different stages of life. Please use words and phrases to explain what you feel at which stage. (4 points)
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2. This word uses a variety of artistic techniques to express different feelings of appreciating plums. Please choose one of the techniques to explain. (6 points)
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V. Modern reading (14)
Read the modern passage below and complete the following questions.
Inferiority is also a kind of strength.
He Ming
I have read many articles describing how a person should be confident, all of which are very reasonable. The reason why we can embrace fish and plastic vines in our life is that our hearts have been aligned with each other:-it, otherwise, you will always be a short dog tail grass at the foot of the mountain. But ordinary people rarely think that proper inferiority is sometimes a kind of life fluid. If we use it occasionally, the flowers of our cause will be more colorful and beautiful.
Perhaps you have heard the story of Austrian novelist Kafka. Kafka was born into a Jewish merchant family in Prague. His father was violent and very autocratic, which made Kafka form a sensitive, suspicious, melancholy and lonely character from an early age.
He can't help feeling a little inferior sometimes. At the worst time of his career, he even said, "Balzac's walking stick says' I crushed all difficulties' and my walking stick says' All difficulties crushed me'". However, Kafka did not let go of this inferiority complex, but constantly tried to surpass himself, and finally wrote excellent novels such as Metamorphosis and Castle, becoming the originator of western modernist literature.
3 A little inferiority complex is instructive to life. Edison's poor academic performance made the teacher want to jump off a building. Therefore, the teacher advised his parents to let him drop out of school. Edison used to feel inferior, but he took this inferiority as the driving force and eventually became a great hair.
Mingjia When Pushkin was a student, mathematics was a mess. No matter what topic he does and what method he uses, he will eventually make the answer equal to zero. In order to encourage himself, he chose to write poems, and as a result, he became a generation of writers …
Inferiority can make us calmly analyze ourselves. It is not difficult for a person to be confident. There is a narcissistic and self-interested gene in human nature, which makes us self-righteous and can't listen to other people's good opinions. It's really hard for us to do it.
What I have realized is that I always realize the imperfection and imperfection of my life, thus maintaining a modest mentality. Inferiority is such a modest mother.
Inferiority has another important value to life: it makes you awe. Many problems in life are caused by recklessness: the reason why corrupt officials reach out for a long time is nothing more than because they think that he can get everything done in his small circle; Evil
A businessman is unscrupulous and profiteering only because he thinks he has enough wisdom to deal with the policies and laws of the country ... These people really have no sense of inferiority, but unreasonable "self-confidence" destroys them.
6. Life should not be too self-abased. Excessive inferiority will knock down a person's perseverance and courage and let us destroy ourselves. But blind self-confidence is absolutely impossible. A blind and confident person can easily become arrogant and block the way forward. optimal
It is to combine the two, explore the black hole of one's personality, knowledge and talent with inferiority, and find a way out with self-confidence.
(Selected from Selected Works of Contemporary China, Second Series)
1. What are the main points of the selected text? (2 points)
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2. The following statement is true (). (2 points)
A. This article is an argumentative paper with refutation as the main point.
There is only one aspect of inferiority complex, that is, it allows us to analyze ourselves calmly.
C. Corrupt officials and profiteers are unscrupulous because they think people should feel inferior and not confident.
D the underlined sentences in the text tell us the importance of self-confidence.
3. Are the arguments listed in paragraph (2) positive or negative? Please summarize its contents in concise language. (3 points)
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4. What is the argumentation method used in the third paragraph of the selected works? What's the role? (3 points)
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Please talk about your understanding of inferiority based on the selected articles and real life. (4 points)
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Six, writing (30 points)
Our life experiences are entirely created by ourselves, and our thoughts and ideas are creating our future. Life never stops, and every moment is fresh. I'm glad to find that everything in my world is beautiful.
Please write an article entitled "In my world, everything is beautiful".
Requirements: (1) style is optional.
(2) No less than 600 words.
Analyze the answer
The first part is educational theory and practice.
Fill in the blanks
1. Body, head language, Jia Chun
2. Openness and innovation
3. Knowledge and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values
4. Self-confidence, good habits and methods
Second, the judgment question
1. Right?
mistake
mistake
4. Right
5. Wrong
I. Multiple choice questions
1.B
2.C
3.C
4.B
5.C
Second, reading errors in scientific and technological texts.
1. Shortcuts are deleted vigorously.
2. Ask questions and lead the whole article.
4.D
5.B
6. Features: Nerve cells will continue to proliferate under environmental stimuli and major concerns.
Function: memory can be controlled, that is, the information sent by the outside world through the lateral head lobe is filtered and "scheduled" according to its importance and then sent back to the lateral head lobe for safekeeping, and the rest will be automatically deleted.
7.①║②③④⑤⑥⑦║⑧
Third, reading classical Chinese.
1.C 2。 D 3。 B4.C
5.( 1) Because (I) have owed to the country for generations, I thank the court for appointing me. I should dedicate my whole family to the country.
(2) For the wounded soldiers, he personally comforted and encouraged his soldiers with loyalty every day.
Li Fu is uncle Zhang, and his ancestors are Guangping people. Li Fei was clever and alert from an early age. In the early years, Nan 'an was made up for by the achievements of ancestors.
The secretary, later called Qi Yangwei, went out to help the famine and soon gained a good reputation in the local area. (Later) Acting as the magistrate of Qiyang County, the county was well managed, and (later) was recruited as the director of Hunan appeasement department. At that time, there were thieves in Yongzhou, and they failed to recruit for more than a year. Li Fu and Senator Jun Deng led 1,300 people to break the bandits' den, and captured the thief's head, Jiang and his son alive, and the remaining party subsided. Later, he made a county order in Xiangtan, where there were many rich and powerful families. The former county magistrate didn't dare to offend me. Li Yi checked the household registration, assessed the tax, and didn't avoid power, which made the tax work extremely fair.
In the first year of Xianchun, he was transferred back to Lin 'an as a magistrate. Jia Sidao, the powerful minister at that time, presided over the state affairs, and the former magistrate told him everything in advance to carry it out. Li Fei was the only one who didn't report anything. There is a life-threatening thing in Wang Fu, and Jia Sidao tries his best to save it. Li Fei wrote in this letter.
Type repeatedly stated their views, and finally disposed of according to law. Li Fei once went out to inspect the production of fire fighting equipment. People who don't produce this kind of equipment asked him why, and replied, "It's from Jiasi Taoism." Li Fei immediately hit him with a stick. Jia Sidao was furious when he learned that Huang falsely accused him of taking bribes, and he was dismissed.
The Yuan army captured Ezhou, and the court used Li Fu as punishment in Hunan. At that time, bandits harassed the people in various counties in Hunan, and most of them fled in all directions. Li Fu ordered his subordinates to enlist the people for armed self-defense, and the county issued a black flag, saying, "The rebel army was beheaded under its banner."
Go down. "People began to settle down. So he called the army, selected 3000 warriors, led by the local gentry Yin Fen, to help the dynasty, and called the militia to gather in Hengyang to prepare for defense. Soon, Jia Sidao was defeated in Wuhu, so the court restored Li Fu's official position, let him master Tanzhou, and concurrently served as an ambassador to Hunan. At that time, Hubei counties had been occupied by the Yuan Army, and his friends advised him not to take office. Li Yi said with tears: "Considering my own problems, how can I be confused?" Just because (I) have owed the country for generations, now thanks to the appointment of me by the imperial court, I should dedicate my whole family to the country. "At that time, his beloved daughter died, and he cried and took office.
In July of the first year of Deyou, Li Fu arrived in Tanzhou, and the troops in Tanzhou were about to be mobilized. The vanguard troops of the Yuan Army have entered Xiangyin and Yiyang counties. In a hurry, Li Fu gathered less than 3,000 people and ordered Liu Xiaozhong to command all the troops. In October, the enemy attacked the Western Wall, and Xiao Zhong and others struggled to resist. Li Yi personally risked arrows and rolling stones to supervise the war. For the wounded soldiers, he personally comforted and encouraged his soldiers with loyalty every day. There are so many casualties, people are piled up together, and people are still fighting to the death in the city. The Yuan army came to surrender, and Li Fu killed him for public display.
Li Fei is upright and upright, fearless of power, smart and astute, and no matter how cunning he is, he can't be deceived. Moreover, he is also full of energy, and he is often tired from morning to night when dealing with official duties. He often works until the third night to rest, and then gets up again at the fifth watch to handle official business. He has been an honest official all his life and has no money at home.
Fourth, the appreciation of ancient poetry.
1. I wrote three stages of life sentiment: "Often Drunk Plum Blossoms", which wrote that the poet was intoxicated with enjoying plum blossoms in his early years; "Win full of tears" wrote that the poet wept bitterly when enjoying plum blossoms in middle age; "So, Plum Blossoms Should Be Ugly" is about the poet's unwillingness to appreciate plum blossoms in his later years.
2. If the contrast method is used, the poet's different feelings in three different stages, that is, he was intoxicated with enjoying the plum blossoms in his early years because of the joy and leisure of life, he wept in his middle years because of the bitterness of life, and he was unwilling to enjoy the plum blossoms in his later years because of the decline of life, are in sharp contrast, which shows the great changes in the poet's life and the melancholy mood of loneliness and pain.
The author uses the method of setting off to write the past and the present, and compares the past and the present, showing the author's wandering, aging, lonely situation and painful and melancholy mood at that time. (the feeling of the past and the present and the worries of home and country)
V. Modern reading
1. Inferiority is also a kind of strength.
2.D
3. Paragraph (2) lists positive arguments. Kafka did not make himself feel inferior, but surpassed himself and became the originator of western modernist literature.
4. Demonstrate with examples. By enumerating the successful deeds of Edison and Pushkin, the viewpoint that "a little inferiority is more instructive to life" is strongly demonstrated.
Appropriate inferiority can make us see ourselves clearly, which is very helpful to our success. Don't be carried away by inferiority in your study because of poor grades, but turn inferiority into motivation, be proactive and make continuous progress.
Sixth, writing.
Example: Omission