Taoism originated from pre-Qin Taoism, so its tradition is very thoroughly remoulded and precious, so it has its unique views and many effective fitness techniques in life science practice such as health preservation and longevity. Mainly in three aspects: Taoist medicine, Taoist health preservation and Taoist immortals. Among them, Taoist medicine is closely related to Chinese medicine, but it also forms a unique medical system independent of Chinese medicine with Taoist secret recipe and qigong diagnosis. Taoist health care includes methods, techniques and theories such as guiding qi, nourishing food and living, which constitute the main body and basic content of traditional health care in China. Taoist immortals, including inner alchemy and outer alchemy, have made important contributions to the research and practice in the fields of human science, human intelligence development and ancient chemistry.