Distilled liquor with high alcohol content was introduced to China (the headquarters of Central Plains) by Mongolian nomads in the Yuan Dynasty-this is because only northerners prefer to quote liquor so far, while southerners are not used to it, which has a lot to do with the ruling center of Mongolian Yuan Dynasty in the north. Li Shizhen's "soju is not an ancient method, it has been made since Yuan Dynasty" —— Compendium of Materia Medica
However, in the Tang Dynasty, distilled liquor from the Western Regions (Gaochang) was once popular in China (hehe, it is today's cognac). But since the Tang dynasty, this method seems to have been lost (? )-Or distilled liquor does not conform to the moderate and peaceful character of China people. Therefore, for a long time from the Tang Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, China's wine manufacturing technology was not greatly improved, and low-alcohol wine was obtained by artificial fermentation.
Ancient famous wines are:
1. Yellow rice wine: In the Ming Dynasty, it may refer to yellow rice wine with long brewing time and deep color.
2. Liquor: The "liquor" of the Ming Dynasty is not distilled shochu now. For example, there were "three liquors" in the Ming Dynasty, but Shaoxing carving was evolved from China's ancient daughter liquor.
3. Zhuyeqing wine
4. Du Kang wine
5. Milk wine
6.lanling wine
7. Zhuang Justin
8.daughter red
In addition, there are ten royal tributes:
Top Ten Palace Tributes in Ancient China;
1, Jiuyun Spring Wine
During the Jian 'an period of the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 196), Cao Cao presented the Jiu Yun Chun wine (Gu Jing tribute) from his hometown and its brewing method to Liu Xie, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Since then, Jiu Yun Chun wine (Gu Jing tribute) has become a tribute of past dynasties.
However, the trademark registration fee of the winery has gone through a lot of twists and turns:1When the winery applied for the trademark registration of the winery on February 26th, 960,1On March 28th, 8, the China Administration for Industry and Commerce wrote a reply: the trademark that the winery applied for registration can be used, but "Gu Jing Winery" had better be changed to "Winery", that is, "Gong". After argumentation, the Central Administration for Industry and Commerce agreed to use the registered trademark and product introduction of Gu Jing Gu Jing Winery. Gu Jing Winery1960 was rated as Anhui Famous Wine in May,19631October1,and was rated as the second among the eight famous wines in China at the second national wine tasting. Since then, Gu Jing Winery has entered the ranks of famous wines in China, and its name is getting louder and louder.
During the ten-year catastrophe, the cultural circle and China traditional culture suffered the most serious damage. China's "Gu Jing Winery" with the strongest traditional culture is also doomed. 1967, the word "Gong" of the winery was labeled as "Four Old", and hundreds of thousands of sets of trademarks of the winery were burned in one fell swoop. The simple new trademark "Gu Jing Winery" entered the hands of "revolutionaries" as a "revolution". However, the core of culture cannot fade. At the strong demand of consumers, Gu Jing Winery reported to Anhui Light Industry Bureau with 1973, requesting to resume using the trademark of Gu Jing Winery. 1 973 September1day, the Light Industry Bureau of Anhui Revolutionary Committee issued a document agreeing to resume the approval of the name of Gu Jing Winery.
Since then, Gu Jing Winery, a brand that has experienced political, economic and cultural vicissitudes, has been frozen and loved by people.
2. Year of the Crane Tribute
Beijing Henian Hall was founded in Yongle of Ming Dynasty for three years. It is famous at home and abroad for preparing royal health wine and health tea for the palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and is known as "the first time-honored health care brand in Beijing"! At present, the series of "1405 Year of the Crane" health wine specially produced for the central state organs is refined by the royal health wine brewing process handed down from the Crane Hall for 600 years. Beautiful color, mellow taste, mild wine, rich nutrition, health care, is a good product for middle-aged and elderly people.
He Niantang combined Huang Zhi identification with wine and tea. He is good at brewing wine with bergamot, osmanthus, kumquat, wormwood and roses. The color of the wine is magnificent, red, green, yellow and purple are crystal clear, with rich floral and fruity fragrance and long sweetness, which is very suitable for the romantic artistic conception pursued by literati. Moreover, it has the effects of relieving depression, regulating qi, protecting gallbladder, benefiting liver, invigorating qi and nourishing blood. Drinking less nourishes nature and drinking more nourishes feelings. Being drunk is not harmful to the spleen, stomach and liver, and people have no image of being less virtuous after drinking. Since the Yongle emperor, this wine has been listed as a royal drink in the court, as well as Queen Xu Yongle, Ci 'an in the Qing Dynasty, Cixi and so on. "Jingui wine" is also used as a common drink for health care and beauty. This recipe was once listed as the secret recipe of the court. 1927 According to the inherited formula, the golden Buddha wine, kumquat wine, gold and silver wine and Jingui wine were deeply loved by celebrities in Beijing, and even foreign guests rushed to drink them.
Heniantang is developed and produced according to the ancient formula and technology. "1405 Year of the Crane Palace" series of health wine was immediately loved by people who pursue health and perfection, and became a boutique for celebrities to get together and give gifts to relatives and friends. Some people in Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and other places. When I heard the news, I ordered it before it went on the market.
The most famous functional health wine in Heniantang, such as "Hennian Shoujiu", is even more legendary. In the fourth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1525), Yan Song, who was only 25 years old at that time, worked as an assistant scholar in Nanjing Hanlin Academy. His calligraphy is already very famous. He came to Beijing on business and lived in Jiangsu Guild Hall south of Caishikou, which is close to Henian Hall. At this time, Heniantang has been transferred from Dingjia to Zhejiang drug dealer Cao Pusa. At that time, people called him "Bodhisattva Cao", and his reputation was excellent. One day, the tern came to the Henian Hall with a slight illness. Bodhisattva Cao personally prescribed a prescription for him and talked very well. Knowing that Yan Song's calligraphy was very good, Bodhisattva Cao asked him to write a plaque for the drugstore. It is said that Yan Song was happy to write the word "Hall of the Year of the Crane". Since then, many legends have been interpreted around this brand plaque. It is said that as soon as this plaque was hung, it attracted passers-by to watch. People are amazed at these three striking Chinese characters and think that the same is true of the capital.
There was an old man in Shanxi who stood under the plaque and studied many things. He nodded and shook his head, saying: the handwriting is good, the foundation is good, and there is charm. Unfortunately, there is a sinister atmosphere at the turning point of the pen. Later, Yan Song really became a powerful minister. Of course, this is only the attachment of future generations.
After Yan Song wrote the plaque, I began to associate with Han Niantang. Later, in the fifteenth year of Jiajing in Yan Song (1536), he entered Beijing as an official of the Ministry of Rites, worked hard to climb his career, and finally reached the position of Huiji. Because he is too calculating, the intrigue in officialdom is complicated, and he is treading on thin ice. He is too tired. Just over 60 years old, he has already aged. He went to Heniantang to consult a prescription for aftercare. Cao Yong, the young master of the Henian Hall, based on the principle of nourishing qi and regulating the operation of qi and blood, combined with his ancestors, made him a "wine for longevity in the Year of the Crane". After using it for more than a year, my hair turned black and my face became ruddy. Yan Song and his family have been using the Chinese herbal medicine prepared by the Crane Year Hall. The "Crane Year Fairy Wine" is a must-drink every day, and the body is slowly recuperating very healthily. Yan Song actually lived in the whirlpool of political struggle for 89 years (1408- 1569). Yan Song drank the wine of the Year of the Crane, feeling refreshed and healthy, which later reached the ears of Emperor Jiaqing. He is both happy and angry. He is happy that there is such a secret recipe in the world, and he is also happy that "Yan Song has this secret recipe, which has never been recorded, which shows that people are unpredictable!" So he sent a message to the Imperial Palace to prepare wine in the Hall of the Year of the Crane, and named this Fang Gaiming "Shoujiu in the Year of the Crane" as a secret recipe of the imperial court, which is strictly forbidden to spread. This recipe has been handed down in secret until now, and it has been very popular to use this series of recipes to prepare Fu Lu Shou Gong powder in Heniantang, which has strong efficacy and good effect.
3. Jujube wine collection
Zaoji Town is a famous traditional wine town in China and the birthplace of Laozi, the originator of Taoism. Its wine-making has a long history, which can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and flourished in Sui and Tang Dynasties. The wine produced was named as "Palace Tribute" by Zhao Heng, Song Zhenzong, and there is a beautiful saying that "the famous wine is given by heaven, and the famous spring is given by the earth" and "the jujube gathers fine wine and deserves it". From 5/KLOC to 0/8 BC, he was a famous thinker and educator in the history of China. Confucius, founder of Confucianism, paid homage to Laozi, founder of Taoism (Li Er). Laozi gave Confucius wine made from jujube. After Confucius drank it, he left an eternal famous saying, "Only wine is infinite." . Zhao Heng, a native of Song Zhenzong, visited Lao Zi in Lu Yi in the past seven years in Zhongxiang Mansion. He spent the night in the "Mingdao Palace" in front of the old gentleman's desk and drank jujube wine before he remembered the great event. He wrote that "the monument of the innate empress dowager" stood in front of Taiqing Palace, and wrote to the local government to pay 20,000 Jin of jujube wine for the palace every year.
Step 4 drink alcohol
Also known as glycerin to record wine. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it became a tribute to the court, and it was also the best wine for emperors to offer sacrifices to their ancestors. Lake wine was originally a "home brew" made by farmers near Mianhu Lake, and then gradually entered the market. In 24 years of the Republic of China, China Industry Magazine reported that there were 79 winemaking workshops in Hengyang with an annual output of 32,600 tons. Hengyang Hotel, the old city, is all over the streets and lanes, and is known as "a hundred wines on the grass bridge". Every household in Hengyang will brew it today. On holidays, weddings, funerals and weddings, guests should be treated with wine in the lake. Lake wine has a wide range of uses, besides being used as beverage wine, it is also used as cooking seasoning to remove rot and fishy smell, and enhance color and fragrance. Its distiller's grains are added with starch to wash eggs, and sweet distiller's grains are used to cook soup yuan.
5. Hongmao wine
Hongmao medicinal liquor was founded in the thirty-second year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1693) and has a production history of more than 300 years. Produced in Hongmao Ancient Town, Liangcheng County, Inner Mongolia.
Unique geographical features, unique climatic environment, unique raw material treasure, unique high-quality water quality and unique brewing technology make the red-haired chicken wine refreshing, mellow and pleasant.
In the fourth year of Qing Qianlong, Wang Jitian, a famous Chinese medicine doctor in Wang Jiabao, Yuci County, Shanxi Province, went to Hongmao Ancient Town to practice medicine. Seeing such excellent wine, he resolutely bought Hongmao base wine (then called Hongmao medicinal liquor or Hongmao medicinal liquor) to brew the jar, and used this wine to extract the secret recipe of Chinese herbal medicine handed down from generation to generation to make Hongmao medicinal liquor with outstanding curative effect. Since then, Wang Jitian stopped the sale of this wine and used it exclusively as the base wine of Hongmao medicinal liquor, making this wine more mysterious and rarely accessible to the outside world. During the reign of Houdaoguang, it was selected as the palace tribute wine together with Hongmao medicinal liquor. During the Anti-Japanese War, Marshal He Long often drank this wine during his work in Liangcheng to keep out the cold outside the Great Wall.
6. Mutton wine
Mutton wine has a unique formula and exquisite materials. Aged with high-quality millet, tender mutton, fresh fruit and precious Chinese herbal medicines. The wine is amber, and its alcohol content is 65,438+07 degrees. It combines the fragrance of ester, milk, fruit and medicine, with moderate sweetness and unique style. Has the effects of nourishing yin, moistening lung, replenishing primordial qi, strengthening waist and kidney, stimulating appetite, invigorating spleen, nourishing liver and improving eyesight, and caring skin.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang rewarded the three armies with sheep wine. In Empty City, when Sima Yi was in Enemy at the Gates, Zhuge Liang sang on the rostrum: "You will be greeted by the guard of the big city, and I will reward you with sheep wine." Mutton wine in the Tang Dynasty entered the court as a tribute for the emperor to enjoy. Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, specially chose "mutton wine" from the tribute wine of "Chenxiang Temple" to congratulate Yang Guifei when celebrating her 20th birthday. When the imperial concubine was drunk, she danced with her hands and feet, and Xuanzong became a drinker, playing music in verbal attacks. Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, wrote a beautiful poem "Try to open Yunmeng goat wine and quickly vent the boat in the Tang Dynasty" when drinking goat wine with guests. Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, recorded in his masterpiece Compendium of Materia Medica: "Sheep wine can strengthen the spleen and stomach, benefit the waist and greatly replenish vitality". Li Ruzhen, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, recorded in "Jing Hua Yuan" that goat embryo wine was produced in Luancheng, and listed it as 55 famous wines at that time.
7. Fenjiu in Xinghua Village
According to the Book of the Northern Qi Dynasty, 1500 years ago, in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Fenjiu in Xinghua Village had become a court tribute. Du Mu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote, "Where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy will point out the apricot blossom village", which made the apricot blossom village and Fenjiu famous all over the world. Supplement to Tang Shi, Nine Classics of Beishan written by Zhu Yizhong in Northern Song Dynasty, Jiupu written by Dou Ge, Jiumingji written by Zhang Nengchen, Jiuxiaoshi written by Song Boren in Yuan Dynasty, Jiupin written by Wang Shizhen in Ming Dynasty and Suiyuan Food List written by Yuan Mei in Qing Dynasty all recorded that Xinghua Village was famous for its fine wines. At the beginning of last century, 19 15 Fenjiu won the first-class gold medal at the Panama World Expo and became an outstanding representative of China's national industry.
8. Acanthopanax senticosus wine
Wujiapi wine is the oldest tribute wine. Wujiapi wine is made of many kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, and there are many beautiful legends about its preparation.
Legend has it that the five princesses of the Dragon King in the East China Sea descended to earth and fell in love with mortals. Because of the difficulties in life, it is suggested to brew a healthy and therapeutic wine, which is difficult to neutralize. Five official documents let Zhizhong brew according to her method and put Chinese medicine in a certain proportion. When the Chinese medicine was released, the Fifth Princess sang a song: "Angelica blindly supplements its vitality and uses concubine Huang to remove blood stasis and dampness." Gan Song's strengthening the spleen can dispel pathogenic factors, disperse stagnation and regulate the stomach. Mint is cool and papaya is refreshing. Hawthorn can cure dampness alone, but it can bend and stretch when it is cold and stubborn. Acanthopanax has a strange fragrance, which nourishes the liver, kidneys, bones and muscles. Don't forget to add licorice, cassia twig and Polygonatum sibiricum. Replenish the land and raise twelve, and increase or decrease is the magic prescription. "There are twelve kinds of traditional Chinese medicines in this song, which is the formula of Acanthopanax senticosus wine. In order to avoid suspicion, the Fifth Princess named this wine "Zhi Wu Zhonghe plus beer". In the Qin and Han Dynasties, Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica recorded that "the male and female of Luding took Wujiapi wine alone to make it immortal".
9. Chrysanthemum wine
According to Ge Hong's explanation of Xijing Miscellanies in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, when Emperor Gaozu was in the palace, "On September 9th, Cornus officinalis was invited to eat lotus bait and drink chrysanthemum wine. Clouds make people live longer. " According to Guan Liang's "Continued Harmony" in the Southern Dynasties, "On September 9, drinking chrysanthemum wine can eliminate disasters". This is the beginning of the ancient custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine on the Double Ninth Festival.
Mr. Pu Jie once wrote a poem for chrysanthemum wine: "Lotus leaves are white and bamboo leaves are green." . Chrysanthemum English boasts a long life, which is estimated by medicine to celebrate and prolong life. Wine calls for a new flavor, and the old forbidden court spreads. There is no need to stop jumping forward when the Long March is accompanied. "The poem inscribed for Lotus Wine is:" The wine is mellow and condensed, the fragrance is far and fine, and the secret recipe is spread to the forbidden garden, which has a long reputation. "
10, "Tongshengjin" shochu
1On June 9, 996, an amazing archaeological discovery was made in Jinzhou, Liaoning Province. When people moved the old factory of Jinzhou Lingchuan Brewery Factory, they accidentally found four wooden wine seas (ancient wine containers) 80 cm underground. The wine seas were actually well preserved and had a pleasant aroma. These wine seas are made of birch, with a length of 2.62m, a width of 1.3 1m and a depth of 1.64m, and about 1500 layers of rice paper soaked with deer blood are stuck in the boxes. These Xuan papers are written in Chinese characters, and the words "Qing Daoguang is one year old", "Tong Shengjin" and "Qing Dynasty" are written on the waterlogging documents. According to these records and other archaeological experts' research, it is confirmed that this wine was sealed by Tongshengjin Distillery in the 25th year of Qing Daoguang. These wines not only have a long life, but also are very delicious.
"Jiu Shao" belongs to the aged fragrance type, with light yellow color and 53% alcohol content. Its physicochemical and hygienic indexes meet the national food hygiene standards. Because it is a tribute wine, it is sealed with deer blood dipped in rice paper. After more than 50 years of soaking, deer blood permeates into the wine, and the effect is very good.
Repeated research by Liaoning Archaeological Research Institute and Liquor Professional Association of China Food Technology Association shows that this batch of Qing Dynasty tribute liquor is the longest-lived liquor in the world, and the discovery of it and the wine container "Mujiuhai" is of great value to the study of Chinese wine culture.