Well-trained athletes, due to sinus bradycardia, prolonged diastolic period, fully rested myocardium, avoided overwork, and filled their hearts with more blood. At the same time, due to the athletes' long-term physical exercise, the contents of myocardial contractile protein and myoglobin increased, a large number of capillaries were born in the myocardium, and the blood supply increased. In this way, the myocardial fibers become thicker, the myocardium is strong and powerful, the myocardial contractility is improved, and the heart volume is also increased.
The average person's heart capacity is 765 ~ 785 ml, while the athlete can reach10/5 ~1027 ml, so the athlete's stroke output in a quiet state is larger than that of the average person, from 70 ml to 100 ml or more, but the output per minute is equal, which means that the athlete's heart is equal. The average person's heart needs to beat 75 times per minute (on average) to deliver 5250 ml of blood to the whole body, while athletes only need to jump about 40 times to deliver the same amount of blood to the whole body.
Extended data:
Heart rate refers to the number of heartbeats per minute in a normal person's quiet state, also known as quiet heart rate, which is generally 60- 100 beats per minute, and may vary among individuals due to age, gender or other physiological factors. Generally speaking, the younger the age, the faster the heart rate, the slower the heart rate of the elderly than the young, and the faster the heart rate of women than men of the same age. These are normal physiological phenomena. In a quiet state, the normal heart rate of adults is 60 ~ 100 beats/min, and the ideal heart rate should be 55 ~ 70 beats/min (the heart rate of athletes is slower than that of ordinary adults, generally about 50 beats/min).
Heart rate changes are closely related to heart disease. When adults are at rest, the heart rate exceeds 100 beats/min (generally not more than 160 beats/min), which is called sinus tachycardia. It is common after excitement, excitement, smoking, drinking or drinking strong tea or coffee, or under pathological conditions such as infection, fever, shock, anemia, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, or when atropine is used.
When the adult's heart rate is lower than 60 beats/min (generally more than 45 beats/min), it is called sinus bradycardia, which can be seen in healthy people and athletes who have been engaged in heavy physical labor for a long time; Or in hypothyroidism, intracranial hypertension, obstructive jaundice and excessive digitalis, quinidine or propranolol. Sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block should be considered if the heart rate is lower than 40 beats/min. If the pulse intensity is unequal and uneven, and the pulse rate is less than the heart rate, atrial fibrillation should be considered. If the heart rate is greater than 160 beats/min, or less than 40 beats/min, it is more common in patients with heart disease. As usual, accompanied by palpitation, chest tightness and other discomfort. It should be examined in detail as soon as possible in order to treat the cause.