With the rapid development of China's real estate industry and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people put forward higher and newer requirements for the landscaping design of residential areas, and designing "humanized, ecological and natural" garden-style residential areas to improve the quality of life of modern people has become the design criterion of landscaping in residential areas today. This paper puts forward some views on the greening landscape design of residential quarters, aiming at attracting jade and promoting urban construction.

First, the principles of urban residential greening design

In recent years, with the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and the improvement of living environment requirements, more and more people begin to emphasize a new selection standard in the process of buying a house: landscape environment. Now residents' housing consumption is becoming more and more rational and idealistic, and the greening of residential areas is becoming more and more dominant in people's minds. The greening planning of residential quarters should adhere to the principle of "convenience, safety, neatness and environmental protection". Starting from improving the urban microclimate and giving full play to the functions of residential quarters, we will create a comfortable, beautiful, leisure, healthy and energetic urban human settlement ecological landscape by building a high-grade and high-quality green space environment. In the design of modern residential quarters, the greening rate is generally required to reach 30%, and the high-grade residential quarters even reach 50%-60%. The selection of tree species in the greening design of residential quarters should follow the principle of "adapting to local conditions and trees in suitable places". In addition, the following factors should be considered:

1, the greening configuration is mainly based on plant communities, giving consideration to lawns. In modern residential areas, plant community is the basis of green space environment, and plant landscape is the main body of green. Therefore, trees, shrubs, herbaceous flowers and lianas should be organically combined, and according to the similarity of their species and habits, an artificial garden plant community with rich levels and suitable for the natural environmental conditions in this area should be formed to give full play to the best ecological benefits. Based on the relationship between the improvement of environmental function and the leaf area index of garden plants, the researchers converted the optimal benefit structure of the city into trees, shrubs and grasses (including ground cover and hedges). This planting structure can create the best ecological benefits, which not only saves land, but also produces the best environmental and ecological benefits.

2. Concentration and dispersion of greening layout. We know that human beings have the need for security and communication. Modern residential quarters should pay more attention to residents' communication, exercise and rest. How to organize some beneficial outdoor activities around the green space of residential quarters, enrich residents' lives, close interpersonal relationships, and consider the centralized central green space when planning and designing. However, the central green space that is too concentrated is difficult to be quiet, feeling empty and complicated in personnel exchanges. In real life, it is inconvenient to manage, which virtually distances most residents in the community. In order to solve this contradiction, we should also consider designing some scattered green blocks in the greening design to form some relatively quiet spaces, which is conducive to the rest and life of residents in the community.

3. The practicability and artistry of greening design. The greening of residential quarters is different from the design of parks. In residential quarters and buildings, we should pay attention to practical effects and aesthetic arts ... Modern people's emotions and cultural tastes are oriented to the ecological living environment, so it is necessary to combine humanistic connotations in the expression of landscape effects to create an interesting living space. In the planning and design, the residents' requirements should also be fully considered to meet the needs of children's play, activities for the elderly, tea and chess, and residents' physical exercise and fitness.

Second, the problems existing in the greening design and construction of urban residential quarters

Green space in residential areas can be divided into public green space, group green space and green space beside houses, and their functions and requirements are different, so they should be emphasized in design. Present situation and design of greening environment of modern residence. Despite the rapid development of modern residential areas, there are still many problems in the greening design of residential areas, which can be summarized as follows:

1, the design and planning concept of "greening for greening" is universal. It is mainly manifested in the rough planning and design of some residential quarters in the scheme stage, which only meets the requirements of norms or greening laws and regulations, and lacks interesting and humanized sustainable greening space design. Some residential quarters even feel that people are excluded from the garden, and lawns, flower beds and green spaces are surrounded by iron fences and fences. Although the coverage area of such greening is up to standard, its actual function of greening is far from playing a role. It is better to take greening as the theme (that is, on the one hand, there is a central courtyard as a part of the community; On the other hand, it is the opposite to extend green to the window of every household, or let residents walk into green and make green enjoyable. In some urban planning, great efforts have been made in municipal squares and central parks, while the green space in residential quarters, which has the closest relationship with urban residents and the highest frequency of use, is sloppy.

2. The greening design of residential quarters is the same, with a thousand gardens and one painting, and there is no personality at all. Most city residents find that their residential area has no characteristics and recognition, so it is difficult for visiting guests to find their position quickly and accurately. Many residential areas in Dujiangyan City are lawns, with several cycads, Xia Juan, juniper and Berberis in the middle, which lacks individuality and leads to the sameness of residential areas. Vegetation and the same spatial layout form, which obviously does not fully consider the psychological needs of residents. In fact, when developers pay attention to the greening environment, they may wish to pay attention to the differences in the greening environment, so that the real estate you develop can stand out and be easily identified.

3. Greening pays too much attention to a single lawn and ignores the plant community. In the greening of residential quarters, there is a tendency to excessively pursue large-scale lawns. In fact, it is unscientific to build a lawn on a single scale. Compared with plant communities, lawns are more ornamental, but not practical, and the cost of large-scale maintenance and construction of lawns is high, which will increase the economic burden of residents in residential quarters.

4. The greening design is out of line with the maintenance after use. After many residential quarters are put into use, because the property management in our country is still in the primary stage, the greening environment is destroyed and the external environment of residents is seriously damaged, which greatly reduces the environmental quality of residential quarters.

Third, suggestions to improve the quality of urban residential greening design

Urban residential green space is the most widely distributed green space in urban garden green space system, which is closest to residents and has the closest relationship with residents' daily life. It plays an important role in improving living microclimate and sanitary conditions, beautifying living environment and creating outdoor rest places for urban residents. According to the characteristics of current residential quarters, the greening design quality of urban residential quarters should be improved from several aspects.

1, unified planning and design, coordinated layout. There are many kinds of green space in residential areas, including central green space, special green space, road green space, house green space and courtyard green space, with different scales and functions. When designing green landscape, we should scientifically coordinate the layout of green landscape according to the requirements of use and function, form a complete green landscape system, and keep unity with the overall natural greening of the city. The design should be "humanized, ecological and natural" as much as possible, and the landscape of residential quarters should create the characteristics of combining appreciation and practicality.

2. Plant varieties and planting arrangements are the direct factors for the success of landscaping. Plants in residential landscape can be divided into trees, shrubs, flowers, ground cover plants and lawns, vines and aquatic plants. We should fully understand the characteristics of various plants before selecting and matching varieties. Variety selection should consider plant color, flowering and fruiting period and time sequence, evergreen trees, deciduous trees, trees and shrubs, fast-growing and slow-growing factors. The arrangement of plants should be layered. The allocation of arbor, shrub and grass should consider the ecological habits of plants and the requirements of plot layout, rationally allocate high, medium and low plants, and arrange neatly trimmed plants at the edges and periphery to form a multi-level planting structure. In addition, local plants have strong vitality, strong pest resistance and low maintenance cost, so they should be preferred. In order to avoid the sameness of greening in residential areas, some new plant varieties suitable for the characteristics of residential areas should be popularized and applied to create a four-season landscape of "spring flowers, summer shade, autumn fruits and holly".

3, according to local conditions, rational use, reflecting the humanization. Adapting measures to local conditions is the basic principle that landscape design of residential quarters should follow. The essence of traditional gardens in China lies in planting trees in the right place and expressing emotion through scenery. Rational utilization means to make full use of the original landform, move less earthwork and keep the original trees properly, which can reduce investment and maintenance costs and look unpretentious and natural. In the choice of garden plants, local plants are advocated, and some exotic plants with strong adaptability and high ornamental value can be appropriately selected to improve the plant planting structure of residential quarters. The changeable terrain with natural ups and downs is more relaxed, warm, romantic and poetic than the artificially flat terrain. Try to avoid paying too much attention to the external environment, infatuating with tropical coastal plants, blindly pursuing luxurious waterscape layout and other flashy and high-cost designs.

4. The green space in residential area is a good place for residents to entertain, exercise, relax and communicate. Therefore, the environmental atmosphere created by landscaping should be full of life, so that the scenery can be used by people and full of human touch. Therefore, in the design, some trampling-resistant lawns are adopted in the community, and some pebbles such as cobblestones and beaches are laid for residents to massage their feet with pebbles for exercise; In addition, the tree is decorated with big stones, which can make people rest and sit still; Children's playgrounds and facilities, such as bunkers, slides, seesaws, climbing frames, swivel chairs, etc. It can promote the healthy development of children's body and mind, integrate people's leisure, sports, communication and other activities into the landscape, enjoy sunshine, rain and dew, birds' singing and flowers' fragrance anytime and anywhere, create a beautiful, safe and comfortable living space, and fully embody the scientific and humanized design of "people-oriented".

5. Landscape should be combined with life culture and practical. High-quality and beautiful natural environment and humanistic environment will have a great impact on people's work, life and health. Now people's requirements for the greening of residential quarters are no longer just one or two lawns and three or four flower beds, but high standards and high quality. First of all, the green area should be greater than 30% of the building area. Secondly, under the premise of rational use of plants, garden sketches, garden roads and pavements, it is particularly important to emphasize that spatial organization can achieve the effect of one scene and one scene moving with the steps. At the same time, we should pay attention to the local characteristics and national style of residential landscape, advocate diversification, and don't blindly imitate European doors, guardrails and sculptures, which are divorced from the unique life and culture of residents. Landscape design of residential areas should be practical. Children's activity areas should be rich in tree species, bright in color and appropriate in proportion. Generally, tree species with strong growth, less pests and diseases, beautiful tree posture, no thorns, no toxicity and no flying flocs are used. The way of configuration should be suitable for children's psychology, rich in color and lively in posture, which is convenient for children to remember and identify. Tall trees should be selected in the activity area for the elderly to shade the rest place for the elderly and create artistic conception for morning exercise and walking. Another example is the parking lot of vines with multi-style flower stands, which can not only convert the green area of 100%, but also protect the cars and increase the artistic effect of the overall regional environment.

In a word, the greening design of urban residential areas is related to the quality of life of residents, creating high-quality natural ecological environment of residential areas, integrating home with nature and enabling people to enjoy returning to nature. In the greening design of urban residential quarters, we should constantly innovate and design a truly humanized, ecological and natural garden landscape.

Greening design scheme of residential area (2)

I. Comprehensive explanation

(1) Project Overview:

1, project name: greening project of a residential district in Shandong Province.

2. Project Location: Longkaiyuan Community Courtyard, Shandong Province. Kaiyuan Community is located in Hanting District of Weifang City, bordering Gu Ting Street in the north, Jinhe Street in the south, Baiyun Road in the east and Shanggang Road in the west. The total land area is 1 1.5 hectares, including 3.39 hectares of green land. Now the land is flat and the terrain is flat.

3. Status quo of construction site: The construction site of this project has achieved "three links and one leveling", the planned building has been formed, and the main traffic network has been laid, so it can be put into construction at any time.

(2) Main quantities:

1, greening, civil engineering, decoration, sketch, etc. In the residential landscape.

2, sprinkler irrigation, street lamps, lawn lamps, earthwork garbage, etc.

(3) Compilation basis:

According to the compilation principles and construction acceptance specifications, this construction organization design scheme is based on the following documents:

1, code for construction and acceptance of CJJ urban greening project /T 82-99

2. Unified standard for construction quality acceptance of building engineering (GB50300-200 1)

3. Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Concrete Structure Engineering (GB50204-2002)

4. Code for Quality Acceptance of Masonry Engineering (GB50203-2002)

5. Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Ground Engineering (GB50209-2002)

6. Shandong flora

7. Landscape design scheme of Kaiyuan Community

8. Bidding documents for greening project of Kaiyuan Community of Shandong Hailong Co., Ltd.

9, the company's construction technology operating procedures.

(4) Engineering characteristics and difficulties:

1. This project is a landscape greening project for a new residential area, with complete construction projects, large construction area, wide scope and short construction period.

(1) Earthwork: This project includes earthwork transfer and garbage transportation.

(2) Greening planting project: arbor planting, corolla planting, shrub planting, lawn planting and maintenance can be done.

(3) Greening maintenance project: The warranty period of this project is one year, and the project must be managed by first-class maintenance.

(4) Rockery project: The rockery in this project is 3.8m high and 2.2m in diameter.

(5) Garden Road Project: The garden roads of this project include: colored concrete garden road, cobblestone garden road, broken marble garden road, bluestone garden road, straw brick parking lot, cultural stone garden road, cement colored brick garden road, square brick garden road, granite garden road and mixed mosaic garden road.

(6) Garden Bridge Project: There are four small bridges in this project. Although the bridge is small, its technical characteristics are complicated.

(7) Garden sketch project: four styles of benches, three pavilions, five sets of stone tables and benches, and several scenic stones.

2. There are four difficulties in this project:

(1) Popularization and application of new technologies and practices, such as the application of color molded concrete.

(2) The construction period is short and wide, only 86 days, and more than one month is spent in winter.

(3) The practice of garden road sketches is diverse and complicated.

(4) Afforestation: There are many varieties of seedlings, which are difficult to plant in autumn and winter, and the survival rate is low.

In view of the above characteristics and difficulties, our company has formulated corresponding measures in the construction scheme.

Second, the opening and completion date:

Commencement date: 20** year 65438+1 month1.

Completion date: 20** year 65438+February 25th.

Total construction period: 86 days (calendar days)

Third, the quality standard: excellent

Fourth, the construction scheme:

(1) Current situation:

After receiving the bid invitation letter from Shandong Hailong Co., Ltd., our company organized relevant technical personnel to make a field trip to the construction site on September 2 1 20**, and held a demonstration meeting at the site to analyze and study the characteristics and difficulties of this project.

(2) Preparation before construction:

1. hold a special meeting: analyze, study and demonstrate the characteristics and difficulties of this project, and form a construction plan according to the characteristics of this project.

2. Implementation of management system: excellent technicians are selected to set up the project department, which is supervised by the chief engineer and implemented the project manager responsibility system. The project manager, under the leadership of the project manager, checks at all levels, carries out his duties, and has clear rewards and punishments, forming a construction team with excellent skills and strong ability. (See attached figure 1 for specific management system)

3. Ideological guarantee: around the theme of excellence project, a mobilization meeting will be held with clear rewards and punishments to arouse the enthusiasm of all parties.