We know that. A person's height depends on two factors: congenital and acquired. Congenital factors are mainly related to heredity and race. According to research, the heritability of human body length (height) is as high as 0.75~0.92, that is to say, about 75% of male height and 92% of female height are affected by genetic variation. Only 25% men. Only 8% of women depend on other factors. It can be seen that heredity plays an extremely important role in height. Although parents are taller than children and will not be shorter, it is not uncommon for high parents to have short children and short parents to have taller children. This shows that other factors also have a great influence on height growth. Geographically, generally speaking, there are more people in cold areas than in tropical areas, and northerners are taller than southerners.
As the saying goes, "legs are long and people are tall." Acquired factors (including living conditions, habits, climate, geographical environment and diseases, etc. ), especially the development of large lower limbs, long tubular bones and spinal bones in adolescence is the main factor affecting people's height. These long tubular bones can be divided into epiphysis and diaphysis. Before sexual maturity, there is a layer of epiphyseal cartilage between epiphysis and diaphysis, which is called epiphyseal plate or growth plate. With the growth of age, the epiphyseal cartilage continues to ossify and harden, while the anterior cartilage continues to grow, thus ensuring that the bones continue to grow taller and taller. Generally speaking, when girls reach the age of 17 ~ 20, and boys reach the age of 20 ~ 25, the epiphyseal cartilages of the limbs are all ossified, and the diaphysis and epiphysis merge to form the epiphyseal line, and the bone length stops growing, so people are not long.
However, this year's scientific research proves that proper bodybuilding can not only provide sufficient original gifts for the proliferation of epiphyseal cartilage, but also provide beneficial "mechanical massage" to it within a certain load range. Dynamic stress is more related to the growth of epiphyseal plate. In bodybuilding training, it will obviously become a favorable factor to induce epiphysis growth by applying pressure to dry the long bones of lower limbs by pushing or squatting with weight. In particular, designing and selecting a set of scientific bodybuilding exercises is more conducive to the longitudinal growth of bones, muscles and ligaments, to the growth of epiphyseal cartilage and to the growth of the body. Therefore, before the growth of epiphyseal cartilage stops, teenagers should actively participate in scientific and systematic bodybuilding training, which is the most active and effective means to affect their height.
As for whether the epiphyseal plate will stop growing prematurely because of bodybuilding training, some scholars at home and abroad have put forward some new opinions through scientific experiments in recent years, but there is no information that bodybuilding training will promote ossification to be completed ahead of schedule. On the contrary, Chinese sports researchers made a dynamic observation on the epiphysis of boys aged 65,438+05 ~ 65,438+06. According to the comparison of weightlifting events in one year, the height alone is about 10cm higher than that of teenagers of the same age who only engage in general sports activities. It was confirmed that all students' epiphyses developed normally, and no epiphyseal plates healed in advance. Therefore, it is concluded that lifting weights will not cause epiphysis growth inhibition. This conclusion also applies to teenagers' bodybuilding training.
We think that it must be different for teenagers to participate in bodybuilding training before 16. At the initial stage of training, regardless of age, it should be emphasized that all-round development is conducive to gradual progress. We should arrange the amount of exercise reasonably. Avoid using "the method of entering his training mode". The key problem of bodybuilding training is the weight of equipment practice. In the early training stage, he should take the weight of each group that can be repeated 15 ~ 20 times as the standard, and practice 5~8 movements in each training class, preferably 2~3 times a week. Never concentrate on training the movements and methods of a certain game. Try to avoid those exercises that are too tense, persistent, endurance and static. When you have a certain strength foundation, you can use the "repeated cycle bodybuilding training method" because it is not only easy to increase strength, but also can effectively improve the function of cardiovascular system and muscle endurance, and minimize the pressure on many soft tissues (epiphyseal cartilage, tendons, ligaments, connective tissue, etc.). ). The coach should carefully supervise and guide during the training. Supervision and counseling is not only for safety, but more importantly, it is necessary for them to master the correct bodybuilding techniques. /kloc-After 0/7 years old, the human body gradually matures. At this stage, we can not only systematically carry out bodybuilding training, but also appropriately increase the burden of bodybuilding training. Because the fastest growing age of muscle is 17~ 19 years old. Therefore, teenagers must follow this physiological feature when participating in bodybuilding training.
The reason why many young friends associate short stature with bodybuilding training may be that some famous bodybuilders in China are under the illusion of short stature (for example, Wang Lijin 1.64m, 1.68m, Zhang Ping 1.57m, Liang 1.55m). We know that bodybuilders have 30% more body muscles than ordinary people, and bodybuilders compete by weight. In this way, short athletes with the same weight and body shape visually give people the impression that their muscles are more developed, that is to say, short and muscular athletes are taller than their bodies. The main reason why athletes with less developed muscles are easy to achieve better results. Some bodybuilders may be thin without training, which makes them look far apart in appearance. However, after they practiced for a period of time, due to the muscular body, Zengwan appeared shoulder width, thick arms, thick legs, thin waist and strong, so it was relatively low. In fact, this is also an optical illusion. People who don't know much will naturally come to the conclusion that "practicing bodybuilding will make people depressed and affect their physical growth"
In fact, there are many tall bodybuilders at home and abroad. They have been practicing bodybuilding since they were teenagers, but their height has been affected. From the statistics of height indexes of five male and female athletes before 1999 National Bodybuilding Championship 15, we can see that their height conforms to the law of human growth and development, and it also proves that scientific, systematic and formal bodybuilding training will not affect their height. ]