The anterior and posterior upper lip (SLAP) was first proposed by Andrews in 1985. In 1990, Snyder further described the injury of the upper glenoid lip, and defined the injury of the front and back of the upper glenoid lip of the shoulder joint as a slap injury.
Generally speaking, anatomically speaking, SLAP is a complex of its stopping point at the location of the tendon of the long head of your biceps brachii and the supraglenoid tubercle of your upper glenoid, which we call the location of SLAP injury.
In 1990, Snyder et al. classified the slap injury into four types. Subsequently, in 1995, Maffet and others added three more types. Later, someone further divided the slap injury into nine or ten types. At present, the classification of Snyder 1990 is still the most widely used.
The first one is that the palm position is slightly worn, but the structure changes little.
The second classification is that there is a separation between the superior glenoid tubercle and the superior glenoid lip. It's kind of like a crack in the middle. This can also be observed directly in imaging.
The third is that there is a basket injury on the upper part of the glenoid lip, which is a bit like meniscus strain. Actually, the principle is not too bad.
The fourth classification is not only the third kind of injury, but also the injury of the long head tendon of biceps brachii. So the fourth one is more serious and complicated.
1, traction and direct impact are the main causes of beating injury. During the deceleration period of throwing, such as javelin throwing, badminton or baseball throwing, the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii contracts strongly when the arm slows down, which leads to the tearing of the slap.
Why is it during the deceleration period? Generally speaking, the deceleration period is centrifugal movement, which is generally very powerful. If its strength is higher than the strength of the injured part, it is easy to get hurt.
2. Do bench press in the gym. For example, when I was doing bench press myself, and then I heard a bang, this kind of laceration appeared. Therefore, when we bench press, especially when we bench press up, or when we lift weights, it is easy to get beat injuries.
Because we know that the long head tendon of biceps brachii plays a very important role in anatomy, which is to help shoulder flexion. Therefore, the biceps brachii can not only bend the elbow, but also bend the shoulder, so it is easy to cause the slap tear of the shoulder joint when lifting heavy objects.
1, the slap injury is mainly pain and onset, but it is not particularly typical. Unlike other rotator cuff tears or scapulohumeral periarthritis, it has typical symptoms. But judging whether it is a slap injury needs to be combined with the doctor's physical examination and imaging examination. Include O 'Brien test, speed test and Yevgeny test.
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2. Routine X-ray examination of shoulder joint is not helpful for the diagnosis of slap injury. Because X-ray can only see the structure of bone, and the palm injury is a complex of glenoid lip and long head tendon of biceps, so X-ray can't see it.
3. The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) is over 70%. If the contrast agent is found to enter the tear seam on the glenoid lip of the shoulder joint, we can judge that a slap injury has occurred.
4, general direct plain scan (one of ct scanning techniques) can be diagnosed. However, with the development of imaging technology in recent years, it is sometimes possible to directly judge whether there is a tear by the joint fluid of one's shoulder joint entering the gap. Therefore, in recent years, there are fewer and fewer auxiliary means for contrast agent radiography inspection, which can generally be directly scanned.
1, conservative treatment. Physical therapy can increase the muscle strength around the shoulder joint, stabilize the shoulder joint, and then reduce the pain of slapping injury.
2. Surgical treatment. If conservative treatment fails, or the slap itself is already serious, sometimes surgery may be considered.
Simple type III slapping is just simple strain, so it can be removed and cleaned directly. Recovery is also faster.
Simple type 2 or 4 slap injury, middle tear of shoulder joint needs nailing. Generally speaking, nails will limit the range of motion of the shoulder joint at an early stage.