Practical physical education teaching methods
1, a teaching method of transmitting information based on language
It refers to the teaching method of imparting sports knowledge and sports skills to students through teachers' oral language.
In the process of physical education teaching, the commonly used methods of transmitting information mainly through language are explanation, question and answer and discussion.
Explaining method: It refers to a method in which teachers use language to explain the teaching objectives, action names, action essentials, action methods and requirements to students, so as to guide students to learn and master the basic knowledge, techniques and skills of physical education for practice.
Question and answer method: also known as conversation method, is a method for teachers and students to complete physical education by oral language question and answer.
Discussion: under the guidance of teachers, students express their opinions around the central issues of the textbook in the whole class or group, and acquire sports knowledge or assist sports skills learning through discussion or debate activities.
2. Method based on direct perception
It refers to the method by which teachers make students use various senses to directly perceive objective things or phenomena and gain knowledge through the demonstration of physical objects or intuitive teaching AIDS.
The methods based on direct perception include action demonstration method, demonstration method, corrective action method, protection and help method, audio-visual guidance method and so on.
Demonstration method
It is a way for teachers (or students) to use their own actions as a demonstration to guide students to learn. It plays a unique role in making students understand the appearance, sequence, technical points and characteristics of the actions they have learned. In physical education teaching, teachers should not only pay attention to the presentation surface, but also consider the speed and distance of the presentation.
Due to the diversity of sports movements, we should pay more attention to the problem of "demonstration surface" in action demonstration. The presentation surface refers to the angle from which students observe the presentation, including the speed and distance of the presentation. The demonstration surface has a front, a back, a side and a mirror.
(1) Positive demonstration: The demonstration of teachers and students standing relatively is a positive demonstration, which is conducive to showing the essentials of teachers' positive actions, such as holding the ball in ball games.
(2) Back demonstration: The demonstration of the teacher standing with his back to the students is back demonstration, which helps to show the teacher's back movements or left-right movements, as well as movements with complicated directions and routes, and is convenient for teachers to guide and students to imitate. For example, back demonstration is often used in Wushu routine teaching.
(3) Side demonstration: The teacher's side demonstration for students is a side demonstration, which is conducive to showing the side of the action and the actions completed in the front and back direction, such as swinging the arm and kicking back when running.
(4) Mirror demonstration: A teacher's demonstration for students in the same direction as his classmates is a mirror demonstration. The characteristic of mirror demonstration is that the actions of students and teachers correspond to each other, which is suitable for the teaching of simple actions and convenient for teachers to lead and students to imitate. For example, when doing unarmed exercises, students start to complete the action by moving their left foot half a step to the left, and the teacher's demonstration action corresponds to the student's action, that is, moving their right foot half a step to the right.
Practical demonstration method in physical education teaching
Demonstration method is a teaching method in which teachers show all kinds of physical objects and intuitive teaching AIDS in physical education, so that students can gain perceptual knowledge through observation.
This method has been widely used in physical education for many years. Although some demonstrations are difficult, they are indispensable teaching methods in physical education class. In physical education class, the memory of action images is very important. Combined with teaching methods such as lectures and conversations, good teaching results can be achieved.
Correcting action mistakes and helping method: it is a teaching method adopted by physical education teachers to correct students' action mistakes. In physical education teaching, the improvement of students' skills is accompanied by the constant emergence and correction of action mistakes.
Practical teaching methods in physical education teaching
Exercise method refers to the method that students do an action repeatedly and purposefully under the inspiration and guidance of teachers according to the teaching tasks. Repeated practice is the basic method to master and improve sports skills and form sports skills. The exercises commonly used in physical education teaching are:
0 1 integrity method
The complete method is convenient for students to master the movements completely, and will not destroy the internal relationship between the movement techniques. However, it is not easy to master the difficult elements and parts of action technology quickly by using a complete method. The complete method is generally used when the action technique is simple or complex, but if it is divided into several parts, it will obviously destroy the action structure.
For example, dividing the shot put technique into several parts is not conducive to students mastering the order of throwing power. Therefore, in the teaching of shot put technology, it is necessary to practice through a complete method, which is conducive to the students to establish a complete action representation and the process of exerting force in turn in their minds.
02 decomposition method
Decomposition method is a method to divide a complete movement technique into several parts reasonably, learn them one by one, and finally master the movement technique completely. For example, decomposition method is often used in the teaching of various dances, aerobics and martial arts.
03 conversion exercise method
Due to the constant changes of exercise conditions and exercise load, it plays a good role in improving the adjustment ability of nervous system and the coordination skills between various organs of the body, improving the adaptability of the human body to the changing practice environment and exercise load, and engaging in physical exercise, mastering sports skills and improving the enthusiasm of sports technology.
04 cycle practice method
It plays a good role in developing students' physique in an all-round way, improving their cardiopulmonary skills and strengthening their physique.
05 error correction method
Teachers should pay attention to the requirements when correcting students' wrong actions: be good at observing and discovering students' wrong actions; Focus on the main mistakes, sometimes there may be more than one mistake. Teachers must be good at determining the order and let students overcome it one by one.
When students are found to have the same mistakes, they should be corrected collectively; When correcting mistakes, we should be patient, persuasive, and explain the truth, so as to improve students' confidence and determination in correcting wrong actions.
To sum up, it is really not easy to have a good lesson in physical education class. Whether students can master the basic knowledge, skills and techniques of physical education and develop good exercise habits is closely related to the teaching methods used by teachers.
Therefore, we should constantly improve our inner self-cultivation, so that each section of physical education class has a deeper concept of self-education "running through it" and a section of "seemingly the same, but actually different" high-quality physical education class with self-style.