What effect does hyperglycemia in pregnant women have on the fetus? Pregnant women have high blood sugar for three meals a day. Pregnancy is a happy thing, but there will also be unexpected troubles. This is not because Kiki's mother was just 24 weeks pregnant with her second child, and the doctor prescribed powdered sugar to check her blood sugar. This is a problem, and her blood sugar is high! Diagnosed as gestational diabetes. The doctor told her the dangers of gestational diabetes, the main hazards are:
1. The probability of miscarriage and premature delivery of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus is significantly higher than that of normal pregnant women, and even intrauterine stillbirth occurs.
2. Gestational diabetes caused by hyperglycemia may lead to polyhydramnios and giant fetus.
3. Hyperglycemia may also limit fetal growth, leading to fetal malformation and immature fetal lung development.
Kiki's mother is worried! When it comes to diabetes, everyone is familiar with it, but many people don't know about gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a kind of diabetes with normal glucose metabolism or potential impaired glucose tolerance before pregnancy, which only appears or is diagnosed during pregnancy. In recent years. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is getting higher and higher, and it is reported in some areas that it even exceeds 20%, that is, 1 in every five pregnant women may have GDM. How to control the hyperglycemia of pregnant women? Have you prepared a diet for pregnant women with hyperglycemia?
How to do with high blood sugar during pregnancy? Hiciβ I balanced nutrition group focuses on adjusting the normal blood sugar during pregnancy and blocking the extraction of excess sugar in food. This natural sugar differentiation enzyme strips excess sugar from food. After adjusting the three meals with hypoglycemia reaction, it can not only ensure the diversification of diet, avoid the mother's hunger, let the fetus get enough nutrition, but also avoid all kinds of unhealthy consequences caused by hyperglycemia during pregnancy. Through Hiciβ I balanced nutrition group I, blood sugar can be adjusted to return to a healthy state. At this time, pregnant women are far away from the risk of high sugar. (What is the effect of hyperglycemia in pregnant women on the fetus? Three meals a day for pregnant women with hyperglycemia)
What effect does hyperglycemia in pregnant women have on the fetus? -scared me after reading it.
There are many reasons for high blood sugar. We should know that hyperglycemia not only affects the health of mothers, but also does serious harm to the growth and development of the next generation. Do you know the specific hazards? At first glance, Bian Xiao was shocked. Hyperglycemia must be prevented!
Diabetes can easily lead to infection, abortion, premature delivery, stillbirth and polyhydramnios in pregnant women, and it can also lead to huge fetus due to high blood sugar level of pregnant women, which leads to difficult delivery and increases the chances of dystocia, birth injury and postpartum hemorrhage. In addition, there are other hazards:
1, intrauterine malnutrition
When blood sugar is not well controlled, it may cause maternal metabolic disorder, and protein metabolism in the body is often in negative nitrogen balance. The fetus can't get enough nutrition in the uterus, and the internal organs are stunted. Insulin secreted by its stunted pancreas only adapts to this low-heat, functional intrauterine environment, and fetuses often die of underweight at birth. Even if the fetus survives, it is easy to develop type 2 diabetes in adulthood.
2. congenital malformation
The first three months of pregnancy is the development period of fetal organs and organs. Maternal blood contains high nutrients, which can lead to intrauterine growth retardation and abnormal development of fetal organs and organs in the early stage. The last few months of pregnancy are the formation and development of fetal brain cells. Hyperinsulinemia and high nutrients (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, etc. ) will delay the development of fetal central and axial nervous system, which may lead to changes in fetal intelligence, behavior and mental types. The third month after pregnancy is the proliferation and development period of fetal fat cells, muscle cells, pancreatic cells and neuroendocrine system. If the blood sugar is high during this period, it is easy to cause chronic hypoxia and even stillbirth. (What is the effect of hyperglycemia in pregnant women on the fetus? Three meals a day for pregnant women with hyperglycemia)
How to control the hyperglycemia of pregnant women? -Why is it easy to get high blood sugar during pregnancy?
With the changes of domestic environment and diet structure, this will happen to some women. They were healthy before pregnancy, but their blood sugar increased after pregnancy. The reasons for this phenomenon may be related to many factors, such as the increase of pregnant mothers' food intake, lack of attention to moderation, or the endocrine disorder of pregnant mothers. At present, the number of pregnant women with gestational diabetes is increasing year by year, from less than 1 in the past to 30% now, and 1 in every five pregnant women is diabetic, so every pregnant mother should prevent this disease.
● Overweight is the first cause of gestational diabetes.
Obesity is easy to induce gestational diabetes, and pregnant mothers gain too much weight, which is very harmful. If they are too obese, they may cause pregnancy-induced hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, especially gestational diabetes and its complications.
First, how is obesity caused during pregnancy?
The American publication "Where does the overall health come from" mentioned that during pregnancy, sugar makes you gain weight and accumulate more fat. These sweets will bypass your natural stimulation system, make you not know that you are full, and induce you to overeat. He deceives your brain that you are still hungry and need to eat more, which leads to obesity, diabetes and so on. (Sugar is monosaccharide, polysaccharide, added sugar and fructose. Monosaccharide foods include white bread, sugar, rice and fructose; Polysaccharides, including sucrose, maltose, starch, pectin and cellulose, mainly exist in cereals and potatoes. )
Second, in the European Union (annual sugar consumption-18.8 million tons), gestational hyperglycemia ranks second in the world. Europeans have been looking for ways to block the body's absorption of sugar after food intake. How much sugar will you eat during pregnancy?
The American Heart Association gives the same answer to different diet plans: women should not consume more than 6 teaspoons of added sugar every day during pregnancy. You know: a bottle of 550 ml soda water contains nearly 20 teaspoons of sugar. 20 13 American scholar Robert published How much sugar you eat, you will be shocked. Polysaccharide, monosaccharide and fructose are everywhere in our life. If there is no Hici β I to slow down the digestion process, sugar will suddenly flood into the blood, and after being absorbed by the human body, your body will respond to help sugar absorb and store it in the body for energy supply.
In Europe, non-drug Hici β I is used to block the extraction of excess sugar in food when controlling pregnancy weight and assisting in lowering blood sugar. This natural sugar differentiation enzyme peels off excess sugar from food, excretes it through the gastrointestinal tract, does not enter the blood circulation system and does not act on the brain. For pregnant women with hyperglycemia, it is very important to reduce their appetite without side effects. After food is blocked from excessive sugar, nutrients are transported to various tissues and cells through blood for anabolism and metabolism.
Third, we must control our weight within a reasonable range during pregnancy. Pregnant mothers who are overweight before pregnancy should eat more reasonably during pregnancy, control their weight gain less than that of ordinary pregnant mothers, and avoid the occurrence of gestational diabetes. High weight can easily lead to a baby being too big. Having gestational diabetes will not only increase the negative period of pregnant mothers, but also increase the probability of intrauterine distress and cesarean section.
Causes the baby's fetal lung maturity to decrease. Fetuses are prone to hyaline membrane disease and premature delivery. Newborn babies are prone to hypoglycemia, manifested as dysphagia, pallor, trembling, dyspnea, irritability and other symptoms.
From 2001-20 10, researchers from the European Union observed10 of 4582 pregnant women in Europe and Asia. The results show that Asian women mainly supplement and nourish during pregnancy, while highly educated European and French women try to maintain their daily intake of nutrients from the first day of pregnancy. They began to consume more than 26 grams of Hiciβ I balanced nutrition group every day during pregnancy and delivery (blocking the accumulation of excess calories, fat, sugar, starch and other carbohydrates after delivery; Directly block the absorption of sugar in food on the same day, control the amount of sugar from the source, break the cycle of tricarboxylic acid in human body and consume excess sugar accumulated in human body, and control blood sugar during pregnancy from two aspects, especially in French pregnant women, which can better control blood sugar health within 280 days of pregnancy!
● The rising level of the three major labor challenges is the second inducement.
During pregnancy, progesterone increased by about 65,438+000 times, estrogen level increased by 65,438+05 times, and fat content increased by 30 times compared with that before pregnancy. Our pregnancy, especially progesterone, slows down the intestinal movement, relaxes the stomach muscles and delays the passage of food and gastric acid from the stomach, so the food and gastric acid stay in the stomach for a much longer time than before pregnancy.
In this way, the body's ability to accumulate calories and fat after pregnancy is so strong that it is no wonder that our bodies and brains have to be completely transformed. What bothers mothers is that the desire for food is getting stronger and stronger.
This is very similar to the above point of view, because the three major pains-craving for food, hoarding a lot of fat and calories from food and indigestion-gain weight too high and too fast.
Therefore, as long as the risk of overweight, the first cause of gestational diabetes, is solved, the blood sugar problem caused by disorder of excitement level can be stabilized. (What is the effect of hyperglycemia in pregnant women on the fetus? Three meals a day for pregnant women with hyperglycemia)
Table of three meals a day for hyperglycemia —— How to arrange the diet of pregnant mothers with hyperglycemia? Take a notebook and write it down!
Generally speaking, the full-day calorie of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus is allowed within the range of 1500 kcal -2000 kcal. However, it should not be less than 1500 kcal/day in the first trimester and 1800 kcal/day in the third trimester. In order to avoid excessive calorie control and insufficient carbohydrate intake, ketosis will do harm to pregnant women and fetuses.
The key to diet control of gestational diabetes mellitus is to maintain the normal growth rate of pregnant women's weight. The diet control of diabetes should take into account the blood sugar level on the premise of maintaining the normal weight growth of pregnant women. It is generally not recommended to sacrifice normal weight gain in order to lower blood sugar levels.
1. Pay attention to the distribution of food. Eat less and eat more, and divide the food that should be eaten every day into five or six meals. In particular, it is necessary to avoid the long interval between dinner and breakfast the next day and eat snacks before going to bed. The total daily diet should be controlled.
2. Eat more dietary fiber. Within the acceptable weight range, eat more foods with high dietary fiber, such as replacing white rice with brown rice or whole grain rice, increasing the intake of vegetables, eating more fresh fruits and not drinking drinks. But don't eat fruit indefinitely.
3. Is it okay to eat only low-calorie and low-fat foods?
No way! On the one hand, traditionally, pregnant women eat low-calorie, low-fat and high-starch foods to control weight gain during pregnancy. However, due to the low-calorie, low-fat and high-starch food, if there is no food with slow digestion and sufficient food in protein, it is easy to feel hungry. At the same time, because the blood sugar of refined white starch food fluctuates greatly, pregnant women are prone to hypoglycemia after controlling their diet, which is not only not conducive to fetal development, but also a hidden danger to pregnant mothers and fetuses.
On the other hand, it is often difficult for doctors to give dietary advice to women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy to control carbohydrates. In the case of serious carbohydrate deficiency, ketosis is very easy to occur. The increase of ketone body level in blood easily affects the development of fetal cranial nerve system.
4. Based on the concern of C, we can only ensure the health of mother and fetus by reducing the blood sugar load and reducing the postprandial blood sugar fluctuation of food.
During pregnancy, expectant mothers store a lot of fat and baby, so the energy consumption generated by new tissues is higher than that during non-pregnancy, so the expectant mother's demand for calories increases after pregnancy, and it will continue to increase with the continuation of pregnancy (getting fatter).
In order to reduce the blood sugar load and reduce the postprandial blood sugar fluctuation of food, the main dietary regulation principles are:
1, choose one of the two dietary measures for hypoglycemia:
A, completely avoid eating the staple food made of white rice and white flour, and partially change to the staple food made of whole grains and starchy beans.
B, still for the baby's health, don't refuse the staple food, afraid of seeing sugar! You can eat the staple food and fruit made of white rice and white flour in normal amount, and it is more beneficial to control blood sugar fluctuation to combine Hici β I sugar differentiation enzyme with fruit before meals than to eat it immediately. This mainly uses the human glucose metabolism chain to control blood sugar, which can not only maintain the normal calories needed for the whole day, but also improve the fear of malnutrition and keep blood sugar stable.
This can reduce the postprandial blood glucose response while supplying enough carbohydrates. At the same time, this measure can also greatly increase the intake of B vitamins and potassium, and can supplement more dietary fiber, which is helpful to prevent constipation in the third trimester.
2. Eat more green leafy vegetables. Green leafy vegetables are not only rich in vitamin B, folic acid, vitamin K, calcium, magnesium and dietary fiber, but also contain a lot of flavonoids.
3. Milk, eggs, fish, bean products, staple food and Hici β I should be eaten together. Eating more protein can delay digestion and improve satiety, so carbohydrates can save protein in the process of controlling hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The combination of Hiciβ I and protein food can also ensure that weight gain can be avoided after adequate diet, and w-? Fatty acids can improve the ability of blood sugar control, so that "excess" sugar is not absorbed by the small intestine, and the separated protein food is fully utilized, which is more effective for the growth and development of the fetus.
4. Reduce the amount of cooking oil. Although oil itself does not turn into blood sugar, many studies have found that eating a lot of oil will reduce insulin sensitivity. For expectant mothers with excessive abdominal fat, controlling fat intake is probably as important as controlling starch and sugar.
5. Leave a little chewing when cooking food, and don't cook the staple food too soft and rotten. No paste, no beating, no juicing, no eating. Processing such as mashing miscellaneous grains, beating vegetables and juicing fruits will make food too easy to digest and absorb, and the glucose produced after digestion will quickly enter the blood, which will inevitably lead to an increase in blood sugar after meals.
The comprehensive application of the above dietary measures can effectively reduce the postprandial blood sugar load. If we can develop such eating habits, not only during pregnancy, but also in later life, we can effectively reduce the risk of diabetes. At the same time, they are good measures to prevent fertilizers and ensure daily nutrition supply.
The research conducted by researchers from the University of Sydney in overweight and obese pregnant women shows that under the premise of ensuring the overall nutritional balance, the blood sugar level of pregnant women with Hici β I decreases 2 hours after meals, and the diet of pregnant women with hypoglycemia load is beneficial to overweight and obese pregnant women to control their weight more effectively, and the indexes such as triglycerides, blood cholesterol and inflammatory factor C-reactive protein will be better. At the same time, the premature delivery rate decreased, and the head circumference of newborn babies was also larger. It can be seen that a well-nourished diet that controls blood sugar is very beneficial to the health of children and fetuses.
In the diet, cereals, starches, beans, potatoes, fruits, milk and other foods all contain carbohydrates. In the relevant research intervention of the University of Sydney, pregnant women are particularly encouraged to control their daily intake of staple food at the level of 65,438+0.80 g, and increase their intake of fruits and milk to help reduce the blood sugar load, ensure adequate intake of carbohydrates and increase their intake of vitamins. The blood sugar load value of mixed food decreased to 48~? At the same time, it has a higher fiber intake, which has achieved the effect of reducing the proportion of macrosomia compared with pregnant women without camp guidance. Half of pregnant women who were originally suitable for insulin therapy used Hici β I to control the blood sugar load of food without insulin.
Some articles summarized the randomized controlled study of blood sugar control in women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The analysis results show that Hici β I can really increase the proportion of expectant mothers using insulin at peak and low levels, and how can a new baby be possible after controlling the blood sugar load of expectant mothers? The risk of becoming a giant is reduced. In contrast, just controlling the total calorie intake or reducing carbohydrates did not achieve such a good effect. In other words, it is more meaningful for expectant mothers to "eat right" than "eat less". Eating three meals with hypoglycemia after Hici β I adjustment can not only ensure the diversification of diet, avoid the mother's hunger, let the fetus get enough nutrition, but also avoid all kinds of unhealthy consequences caused by hyperglycemia during pregnancy.
However, the relevant research results also suggest that it seems too late to conduct glucose screening during pregnancy at 26-28 weeks. It may not be ideal to control blood sugar and weight gain by controlling the blood sugar load of staple food and increasing dietary fiber three months after cooking. If the risk of hyperglycemia during pregnancy can be prevented in the first three months of pregnancy (after all, sugar can't be added less in food temptation and confusion), then it is more hopeful to achieve good results by adjusting diet and controlling food blood sugar load in the early stage of pregnancy.
In addition, there is also a piece of advice, that is, expectant mothers with high blood sugar must pay attention to comfort? When increasing physical activity. Instead of sitting for half an hour after a meal, you can stand up and do some activities, such as walking, walking at home and doing some relaxing housework, which can consume blood sugar in time and help control the height of the peak blood sugar after a meal. The intensity of exercise depends on the physical endurance of the expectant mother, and it is good to reach 60% of the heart rate. If it is impossible, it can reach 40% or 50%. If you can, you can also go to the gym and do some muscle exercises under the guidance of the coach. When muscles are strong, blood sugar will be easier to control. It should be noted that it is ideal to exercise 2 hours after meals, and exercise before meals to guard against hypoglycemia.
20 18-09- 14 an international cooperative study shows that women with high blood sugar levels during pregnancy will have a significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes after 10 years of pregnancy, and their children are more likely to be obese.
This study was recently published in the Journal of the American Medical Association as part of a large-scale follow-up study on hyperglycemia and the outcome of ectopic pregnancy. There are 10 medical institutions in the world, with a large number of samples and strong representation. The results showed that the increase of maternal blood sugar level during pregnancy was harmful for 10 years. Among women with elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy, nearly 1 1 will suffer from type II diabetes during postpartum 10 to 14, and about 42% will suffer from prediabetes. In women with normal blood sugar level during pregnancy, these two figures are 2% and 18% respectively. The study also found that children born to mothers with elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy are more likely to be obese. According to the body mass index (BMI), 19% of the children born to these mothers will be obese, while the proportion of obese children born to mothers with normal blood sugar during pregnancy will be reduced to 4% in the future.
The researchers said that the increase of blood sugar level during pregnancy will have a negative impact on the health of mothers and their offspring, which will last for more than 10 years and needs to be paid attention to.
20 1 8165438+1month1,and finally confirmed that "people with hyperglycemia during pregnancy can be adjusted to normal blood sugar during pregnancy through HICI β I balanced nutrition group". In 1 10,000 cases of mothers with hyperglycemia during pregnancy, the success rate was as high as 87%, and the average blood sugar during pregnancy returned to normal. Almost every pregnant mother can regulate blood sugar and restore health through Hici β I balanced nutrition group I during pregnancy and delivery. (What is the effect of hyperglycemia in pregnant women on the fetus? Three meals a day for pregnant women with hyperglycemia)
CLR WHO has defined three repair ingredients of French hici β I to solve the problem of blood sugar during pregnancy:
CLR who (full name of cell lipid-lowering cell lipid-lowering)
1, fast fat reduction:
Quickly adjust body weight, differentiate fat storage, accelerate metabolism, directly inhibit fat synthesis, promote its differentiation, and achieve rapid fat reduction.
Ingredients: white kidney bean extract, oil-scraping seaweed, green tea powder, citrus fruit powder …
2, blocking the daily calories:
Without affecting the absorption of various nutrients, cut off the source of fat accumulation and solve the repeatability and toughness of the weight loss process. Stop oil, sugar and lipids. It hinders the absorption of fat, sugar and heat, and the entry of oil.
Ingredients: medium-chain triglyceride, seaweed, chestnut powder extract, resistant dextrin …
3, regulate normal blood sugar:
Reduce fasting blood sugar, improve blood sugar control, stimulate AMPK, maintain glucose balance and promote energy consumption. Improve insulin resistance, improve the efficiency of glucose metabolism and promote insulin resistance. Reduce calorie absorption, reduce glycemic index (GI), and reduce the storage of starch, sugar and fat converted glycogen! Blood sugar is back to normal!
Pregnant women can reduce postprandial blood sugar by 40-53% within 2 hours, glycosylated hemoglobin by 34% after eating for 6 weeks, which can reduce the complications of diabetes. After eating for one month, the body fat can be reduced by 19-25%, which can prevent fatty liver and liver disease, resist inflammation and protect the whole body organs from inflammatory reaction. It is safe and has no side effects.
Ingredients: raw coffee, chestnut powder, white kidney bean extract, bitter melon powder, pear cactus …
In short, gestational diabetes is very harmful to maternal and infant health, so we must pay attention to it! Hyperglycemia during pregnancy can be prevented and controlled, not terrible. As long as you pay attention to your usual eating habits and regularly monitor your blood sugar, you can minimize the impact. The key is to have regular check-ups and seek medical advice in time. At the same time, we should also understand the risk factors related to diseases, be aware of them, strengthen self-management and prevent problems before they happen. Nana (what effect does hyperglycemia have on the fetus in pregnant women? Three meals a day for pregnant women with hyperglycemia)