Square dance can be traced back to ancient times. Ancient ancestors would worship and dance in the open space when offering sacrifices and praying. This is the embryonic form of square dance. Since then, square dance as a sacrificial dance has been widely circulated in China for a long time. Until 1942, influenced by the new literary trend of thought, a new type of square dance-new yangko appeared in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, which integrated drama, music and dance and became a novel small square drama, enriching people's spiritual entertainment needs at that time. In the late 1990s, with the improvement of people's living standards, people's awareness of fitness has been continuously enhanced. Square dance, which has the functions of beautifying the body, strengthening the body and pleasing the body and mind, just meets the multiple needs of people to participate in sports activities. Modern square dance develops rapidly and spreads all over the country. Today, square dance is not only a simple form of artistic performance, but also a sports event with the functions of bodybuilding plasticity, strengthening physique and relieving tension. More and more dance competitions and sports events have joined the square dance project. It not only helps many middle-aged and elderly people to strengthen their physique and enrich their life in old age, but also attracts many young people to participate in it, realizing the dream of people of different occupations to show dancing on the stage, and injecting a fresh vitality into the national fitness in China.