Author: Murong Dongtang.

Trade history of Liangzhou: Tea for horses, the Qing Dynasty is the product of the past trade between generals of Liangzhou and the Ministry of Tea and Horse.

The livestock in Liangzhou are surrounded by the world,

Famous mountain tea is easy to horse.

People in Liangzhou love to drink tea, mainly "Three Fortresses" and "Laofu Tea". Liangzhou is the capital of the northwest, the capital of peace and cool, the world needs Tianjin, and the national defense is important. Liangzhou is located in the northwest center, where Xiliang Palace and Xiliang House are located. Liangzhou, because of its unique geographical location, became the center of northwest China in past dynasties.

In the second year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1724), Liangzhou Wei was changed to Wuwei County, Yongchang Wei to Yongchang County, Zhuanglang Wei to Ordinary County, and Fan Zhen Wei to Fan Zhen County and Gulang County to defend thousands of Gulang households. Liangzhou Prefecture is located in Wuwei County and belongs to Liangzhuang Road. Leading Wuwei, Yongchang, Fan Zhen, Gulang, Pingfan County and Zhuanglang Tea Horse Hall.

In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong reign (1772), Liangzhuang Road was changed to Ganliang Road to govern Wuwei County. Liangzhou Prefecture belongs to Ganliang Road and governs Wuwei, Yongchang, Fan Zhen, Gulang, Pingfan and Zhuanglang Tea Horse Hall.

In fact, the tea-cooking emissary of the Qing Dynasty has always been highly valued. Because cooking tea is not only selling tea, but also involving investment promotion and trade. Uhetu, the general of Liangzhou, has always played an important role in the tea-horse trade.

China No.1 Historical Archives (hereinafter referred to as No.1 Historical Museum) recorded the history of Liangzhou generals entering Tibet to cook tea in detail in the Manchu special file "The Cover of Manchu Tea Stall of the Military Department" in Qing Dynasty.

Liangzhou culture has a long history!

Editor's postscript:

Liangzhou City is Wuwei City, and Liangzhou refers to Wuwei County. Wuwei is also known as Yongzhou, Liangzhou, Xiongzhou, Liang Yong, Gaizang, Guzang, Chicheng, Chiwu, Longcheng, Shenniao, Xiliang, Tuge, Dugu, Xiuzhuge, Cetutu, Futu, Xiutu, Daliang, Western Zhou, Wuding, Wuxing, Liangcheng, Lotus City (Wolf Mountain City), and so on. After Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty wrote a note: "Wuwei County, the old city is in the northwest of Guzang County, Liangzhou, so Liangcheng is also".

In ancient Tibet, Yongzhou was first set up, then Liangzhou was changed, then Yongzhou was changed, and then Liangzhou was renamed, so Wuwei was called "the capital of harmony and coolness". Wuwei in history, so there are animals in Liangzhou in Hanshu. Liangzhou in Zhou Shu is the hottest place in the world. Liangzhou has a long history of human activities. As early as 4,000 to 5,000 years ago, the northern nationalities such as Yue people and Wusun people had already lived together. Zhou is the land of Yongzhou. Before the Spring and Autumn Period, it was occupied by Xirong, where there was a pasture. Wuwei County was established in the Western Han Dynasty, which was under the jurisdiction of Liangzhou Secretariat and under the jurisdiction of Guzang (now Liangzhou District of Wuwei City). In the second year of Yuanshou in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 12 1), Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, established Wuwei County in the former Xiongnu Hugh land country, hence the name Wuwei. Later dynasties designated Wuwei as the cultural, military and political center of northwest China.

Liangzhou was the political, military, cultural and economic center of the ancient northwest, the central hub of economic and cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and the western regions, the crossroads of the western section of the Silk Road, and the center where Chinese and foreign businessmen gathered. It once became the Buddhist center in the northwest, with Wuwei as the largest city in the northwest. The famous Liangzhou Ci (Liangzhou Qu) (Liangzhou Ling), Xiliang Music and Xiliang ji zi were all formed and developed here, which played an important role in preserving ancient China traditional culture and spreading western culture. Historically, Wuwei used to be the Liangzhou secretariat department, Yongzhou animal husbandry, Yongzhou secretariat, viceroy, Liangzhou animal husbandry, Liangzhou secretariat, Liangzhou Dazhongzheng, Liangzhou Town in Northern Wei Dynasty, Guzang Town in Northern Wei Dynasty, Hexi Festival, Liangzhou General Administration, Liangzhou Governor, Xiliangfu, Gansu Prefect, Liangzhou General Commander, Liangzhou Commandant and Liangzhou Prefecture.

Liangzhou (Wuwei), the capital of Xiongnu period; Liangzhou governance in the Xuandi period of the Western Han Dynasty: the new dynasty Wang Mang ruled Yongzhou; Liangzhou State Governance in the Eastern Han Dynasty: Yong Zhengdi ruled the country in the Eastern Han Dynasty; Liangzhou was ruled by the state during the Cao Wei period; Liangzhou Town in Northern Wei Dynasty (Liangzhou, Chang 'an, Tongwancheng, three major towns in the early and middle period of Northern Wei Dynasty). Durong regime at the end of the new dynasty; Cool before, cool after, cool in the south and cool in the north during the Sixteen Countries Period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty; The coolness at the end of Sui Dynasty; Hunmo (Murong), Mo Wen (Lun) and Liugu Tubo (Shi Zhe) in the late Tang Dynasty; Sogdian Uighur Hor country; During the Xixia period, both Qi and Xia established their capitals here. In the later dynasties, the centralized dynasty set up a county and a government in Wuwei, commanding the northwest region and governing the western regions and Tibet: in the Western Han Dynasty, it was the secretariat of Liangzhou; During the Dou Rong period, the general office of five counties in Hexi; During the new dynasty, Yongzheng served as the secretariat; Liangzhou secretariat in the Eastern Han Dynasty; During the Cao Wei period, both the Governor's Office and the General's Office in the west were located in Liang Yong. Liangzhou Town, the first of the three towns in the Northern Wei Dynasty in the middle of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was the resident of Liangzhou Town General and Liangzhou Dazheng. Liangzhou viceroy in the Western Wei Dynasty, Liangzhou viceroy in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and Liangzhou viceroy in the Late Northern Zhou Dynasty; During the Tang and Zhou Dynasties, the metropolitan government in Liangzhou and the capital government in Hexi Road Special Zone; The orientation of the western classics department in Xixia period: the capital of Xixia; Wang Xiliang (Kuo Duan) House in Yuan Dynasty; In the Ming Dynasty, Weifang, Liangzhou; During the Qing Dynasty, the general office of Liangzhou, Zheng Yiping; Liangzhou prefecture is located.

According to historical and geographical records, Wuwei County in the Middle Ages includes all areas on the west bank of the Yellow River today, specifically Jingtai County in Baiyin City, Pingchuan District in Baiyin City, Jingyuan County in Baiyin City, Huining County in Baiyin City, Lanzhou New District, zhongwei in Ningxia, wuzhong, Gaolan County in Lanzhou City, Yongdeng County in Lanzhou City, the whole territory of Wuwei City, jinchang, Huzhu County in Qinghai Province, Menyuan County in Qinghai Province and counties in the east of Qinghai Province. Because Wuwei is located in the west of the Yellow River, it is also called the land of Hexi and the land on the right side of the river by many historical books.

Wuwei is the birthplace of Liang Yong culture, so Wuwei is also called "the capital of Liang Yong". Wuwei ranks first among the four counties in Hexi. Tang Xuanzang once praised Wuwei: "Liangzhou is a metropolis in Hexi, with a country in the west and a country in the right, and businessmen and couples are constantly coming and going." Wuwei Wuwei is flat, and there is the largest accumulation plain on the right side of the river. Since ancient times, it has been the central city that controls the three plateaus (Mongolian Plateau, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau) and the western regions. In the Han Dynasty, Liangzhou was awarded the title of "National Defense in the World". During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there were ancient temples in the north and Jiankang in the south. The ancient temples were one of the two major centers in China. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Guzang was one of the two economic centers in the Northern Wei Dynasty. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Liangzhou was one of the three major economic centers in the Tang Dynasty. Liangzhou Proverbs (Yongzheng Proverbs) said: "Every time I am in the king of the season, I often lose my mind. God is uneasy and his life is cold. " Wuwei County, the capital of northwest China, and the first government of Liang Yong effectively controlled the three plateaus and the central cities in the western region. When Liangzhou was captured, it controlled the fulcrum of the Silk Road and the northwest center. There are few people in the world, and everyone in the world is discredited, so training is arrogant. Anger scares princes, while peace calms the world.

* Disclaimer: This article is an original article by Murong Dongtang. * If there are any mistakes or omissions in this article, please criticize and correct me. Murong Dongtang will provide you with prudent and scientific IP consultation on Liangzhou culture by sorting out the cool history, based on Liangzhou, observing Wuwei, looking at the whole country and the world. I hope that through publicity and promotion, I can sort out the cultural context behind Liangzhou Ci, a Tang poem, and establish an academic system of Liangzhou studies with Wuwei as the core. * A series of articles on Northwest Scenery, Northwest Victory, Wuliang Culture, Interesting Things, Northwest Geography, Northwest Cuisine, Wuwei Malaysian Culture on the Three Kingdoms and Northwest History are to be continued.