Poems about ancient Dian 1. Did ancient Yunnan have its own language?
I don't know.
More than 2,000 years ago, there was an ancient country near Fuxian Lake in Yunnan, which was called "Dian State" by Sima Qian according to historical records. Dian Kingdom (278 BC-115) is an ancient kingdom established by ancient nationalities in the southwest frontier of China. Its territory is mainly in the central and eastern parts of Yunnan with Dianchi Lake as the center. The main ethnic group in the territory is the ancient Dian tribe, which historians often call Yunnan. According to documents and archaeological findings, Yunnan existed in Yunnan history for about 390 years, which appeared in the middle of the Warring States Period and disappeared in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Through more than half a century of archaeological excavations, more than 40 sites of Dian culture have been found in central and northeastern Yunnan, outlining the territory of ancient Yunnan: from Lvliang and Luxi in the east, to Anning and Yimen in the west, to Zhaotong and Huize in the north, and to Yuanjiang, Xinping and Gejiu in the south, with a length of about 400 kilometers from north to south and a width of about 200 kilometers from east to west. According to archaeological findings, Shizhai Mountain near Fuxian Lake today is a royal cemetery, Lijiashan today is a noble cemetery, and Jinlian Mountain today is a civilian cemetery. More than 2,000 years ago, in this triangle, there was a highly developed bronze civilization that shocked future generations, and there was also a happy life of men plowing and women weaving and fishing songs singing at night. A sudden plague destroyed the market town near Jinlian Mountain, and the whole ancient Yunnan gradually accepted the Central Plains civilization in the later development, and finally merged into the rolling river of the Chinese nation.
2. The tour guide words of the ancient Yunnan Cultural Tourism City
"Colorful Yunnan Ancient Yunnan Cultural Tourism City" is one of the "20 Key Projects" in 20 15 determined by the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government. It is a key project supported by the National Tourism Administration and an important project to improve the environment of Dianchi Lake. The project was built and operated by Kunming Nuoshida Enterprise Group.
Colorful Yunnan Ancient Yunnan Cultural Tourism City is located in Jincheng Town, Jinning County, Kunming City, with its back to Liangwangshan and facing Dianchi Lake, 35 kilometers away from the main city of Kunming. The project will focus on Yunnan multi-ethnic culture and ancient Yunnan history and culture, and integrate cultural tourism, leisure and vacation, ecological environment demonstration, old-age health industry, livable community construction and urban-rural coordinated development, give full play to Yunnan's advantages in tourism resources, and strive to build the project into a national 5A-level ecological civilization tourism demonstration scenic spot.
It is reported that the first-phase public construction project of Colorful Yunnan Ancient Yunnan Cultural Tourism City includes the Ancient Yunnan Yihai Wharf, Ancient Yunnan Boutique Wetland Park, Wetland Resort Hotel, Colorful Yunnan Happy World Theme Park, Ancient Yunnan Grand Theatre, Ancient Yunnan King Banquet Food World, Ancient Yunnan Museum, Yunnan Wanglin Garden, Colorful Yunnan Hot Spring Tourism Resort, Ethnic Tribes, Ancient Yunnan Hotel and Colorful Yunnan Hotel. After three years of construction, it is estimated that the total investment of the project is 22 billion yuan, and the accumulated investment has reached 8 billion yuan so far. The first two main projects opened were Gudian Yihai Wharf and Gudian Boutique Wetland Park.
3. The ancient Dian kingdom was unearthed in Wang Yin, Yunnan.
1953, shortly after the establishment of the Yunnan Archaeological Task Force, some rusty bronzes appeared in the waste collection station on the streets of Kunming. These mysterious artifacts have nothing in common with the bronze age civilization in Central Plains that scholars are familiar with. They revealed the mysterious atmosphere of an independent ancient world.
After three years of hard work, 1956 archaeologists finally revealed the greatest discovery in the archaeological history of Yunnan: a kingdom that has disappeared for thousands of years-the ancient Yunnan tomb.
This hill is very ordinary, 200 meters wide from east to west and 500 meters long from north to south. It is located on the bank of Dianchi Lake and looks like a whale lying on the beach from a distance.
This hill is called Shizhai Mountain. There are no stone tablets and no mounds. Plain enough to arouse the greedy fantasy of grave robbers, so it can be peaceful for two thousand years.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/956, the official excavation began, and a brand-new and unknown mysterious culture appeared.
This hill is a huge tomb group, and the objects that are constantly unearthed and the subsequent surprises not only excite archaeologists but also surprise historians.
A golden seal-"Wang Yin, Yunnan" was unearthed in Tomb No.6, which was recorded in Historical Records and given to the king of Yunnan by Emperor Yuan Feng of the Han Dynasty in the second year.
Sima Qian said in Historical Records that there was a country called Yunnan, but there was no record about it since then. Except that Sima Qian's record was quoted again in later Han Shu and Huayang Guozhi, no one mentioned it again. This ancient Dian kingdom has disappeared, with no trace, no legend, and no one knows where its subjects have gone. If it weren't for this discovery, no one would know what a glorious historical era is behind this short record in Historical Records.
4. Ancient Dian culture in ancient Dian country.
Yunnan culture must be defined in time and space.
In fact, there are two clues between all these eternal mysteries and modernity, one is Huayaodai and the other is Tonggu. Along these two clues, Yunnan cultural research may have new achievements. "
The bronze drum is an important evidence of ancient Dian culture, and China Yunnan is its birthplace, which is recognized by the world. The bronze drum gradually evolved from a practical tool to a ritual vessel and a heavy vessel, and finally rose to a symbol of power and strength.
Bronze drums spread from Yunnan to Guangxi and Southeast Asia. Archaeological findings show that the influence of bronze drums has spread to Pakistan in South Asia. On the basis of in-depth study, how to restore the whole process of origin, casting, evolution and dissemination of bronze drums and reproduce it in front of the world is an important work that needs to be done at present.
From this, we can also contact the famous Southern Silk Road and the ancient tea-horse road that we are familiar with. From the amber beads and coins unearthed in Lijiashan cemetery, it is proved that there was a trade route with Myanmar at that time, and this information reflects a long-distance trade in ancient Yunnan. The ancient Yunnan civilization also directly infiltrated and influenced the Dongshan culture in Vietnam ... Lijiashan bronze culture is similar to Sanxingdui culture.
Sanxingdui culture has now risen to the height of the origin of Yangtze River civilization. Because of frequent communication, there is a fly in the ointment in the bronze culture in northern China and the Central Plains, that is, inbreeding is more prominent, which is reflected in the similarity of styles and shapes of unearthed cultural relics. The bronze wares of Lijiashan are so different that they almost have no intersection with the northern culture before the Eastern Han Dynasty. Whether it is modeling, decoration or theme, it has strong local ethnic characteristics, and it can be called the most lively and agile composition in China Bronze Age, with extremely high artistic attainments.
Faced with such works, people will have an inexplicable creative impulse. In particular, the shell containers and buckles are exquisite in craftsmanship and are known as the essence of Chinese bronzes.
There is also the wax loss (wax erosion) method used in bronze smelting and casting process (this casting process probably started in Yunnan at the earliest), which is extremely difficult and exquisite, and can be said to be the technical peak at that time, which has had an impact on the precision manufacturing of aircraft engines. As a native of Yunnan, we can be proud of these brilliant achievements of our ancestors.
According to textual research, ancient Yunnan was a slave empire established by ancient Yunnan minorities. It flourished on the shores of Dianchi Lake and from the Warring States to the Western Han Dynasty.
Living in the southwest corner, far from the cultural vision of the Central Plains. The ancient Yunnan has long been lost in the dust of history, which is mysterious and strange. In the 7th century BC, Yunnan had a unique bronze culture.
At that time, the ancient Yunnan people were rarely bound by the traditional ethics of the Central Plains, and they were more open and creative in artistic conception and expression techniques. As far as objects and types are concerned, no matter production tools, daily necessities, weapons, musical instruments or decorations, everything is made of bronze, while bronzes in the Central Plains are mostly limited to weapons and ritual vessels.
The decorative patterns on bronzes, in particular, are mostly vivid images of natural animals and plants, which are typical plots in people's daily lives. As far as animal images in decorative themes are concerned, there are more than 40 kinds of ancient bronzes in Yunnan, ranging from tigers and leopards to bees and beetles, all of which are very exquisite and realistic.
Yunnan ancient bronzes are quite different from other frontier cultures in China. There are not only weapons, spears, forks, swords and other bronze weapons obviously influenced by the bronze civilization of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in the Central Plains, but also shell containers and bronze buckles with the theme of reflecting the social life of Yunnan, which obviously have the unique regional cultural characteristics of Yunnan.
5. The history of ancient Yunnan.
Yunnan is an ancient kingdom established by ethnic minorities in the southwest frontier of China. Canon appeared no later than the middle and late Warring States, reached its peak from the end of Warring States to the middle of Western Han Dynasty, declined in the late Western Han Dynasty, and was replaced by counties established by the Central Plains Dynasty from the end of Western Han Dynasty to the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty. From then on, Dian State and Dian culture disappeared forever in the history of China's southwest frontier.
In 1950s, on a hill named Shizhai Mountain in Jincheng Town, Jinning County, on the east bank of Dianchi Lake, an ancient tomb group that was later proved to be the royal cemetery of ancient Dian State was discovered. Four gold seals of seal script were found in a tomb-Wang Yin. Snake button
Ancient Yunnan's bronze culture and art are exquisite, with distinctive regional characteristics. Such as the bronze case of Niu Hu, bronze shells with war scenes and bronze figurines with umbrellas.
Archaeology in recent decades, combined with ancient documents. The territory of Yunnan is not vast, including all of Kunming and Dongchuan, most of Qujing and Yuxi, Zhaotong and parts of Honghe and Wenshan Autonomous Prefecture. Yunnan was a small kingdom among the Yi people in southwest China at that time. "Historical Records Biography of Southwest Yi" said: "There are tens of thousands of kings in Yunnan. . . . . Small towns in Yunnan are the most popular.
What? "
Agricultural production in Yunnan is developed, and fishing, hunting and animal husbandry production also have a certain scale. Handicraft production in Yunnan is very developed, especially bronze casting technology, which can be compared with any bronze culture.
Excerpted from the archaeological mystery of China.
6. How did the ancient Dian kingdom disappear?
The ancient Dianchi Lake is inhabited by Kunming (now the ancestors of Yi people) tribe.
Sima Qian called it "Dian" in Historical Records. However, shortly after Sima Qian recorded her in the classics, the canon disappeared, with no trace, no legend, and no one knew where its subjects went, like an eternal mystery.
Before the Han Dynasty, the ancient Dian Kingdom was established in Dianchi Lake and Fuxian Lake.
In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 109), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came to Yunnan, and Wang Quanguo, Yunnan, surrendered and invited officials to the DPRK. So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave Wang Yin, king of Yunnan, to restore the people (this piece of Yunnan pure gold Wang Yin was unearthed in Shizhai Mountain two thousand years later).
After that, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Yizhou County in Yunnan, and the power of the king of Yunnan was replaced by the county chief, which was subject to the county system of the Han Dynasty. In the 1 century, the once brilliant Yunnan bronze culture was completely integrated into the iron culture.
7. The Mystery of Dian King in Ancient Dian Kingdom
1955 to 1960, archaeologists excavated 50 ancient tombs from the Warring States to the Western Han Dynasty in Shizhai Mountain, Jinning County, near Dianchi Lake, and unearthed more than 4,000 cultural relics, most of which were bronzes, indicating that the owners of the tombs lived in the heyday of bronze culture in Yunnan. 1956, scholars were shocked to find that a gold seal of Yunnan was dug up, which confirmed the historical fact that Wang Yin was named king of Yunnan by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in Historical Records, and fully demonstrated that the ancient kingdom of Yunnan did exist, and its capital was in Jinning area.
Historians have always believed that the disappearance of the ancient cities of Han, Henan and Yuan is a mystery. Historically, even if Yu Garden changed its place name, it should be recorded. However, after the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the information of Yuyuan Ancient City was interrupted. Where did Yu Yuancheng go?
Geography of Hanshu contains: "Yuyuan Garden, the pool is in the south, and the bridge water flows out ...", "The bridge water bears the south pool of Yuyuan Garden, and the county governs Longzhou, which is seventeen miles on Thursday." Yuyuan County is now Chengjiang, Jiangchuan, Hongta, Shilin (Lunan) and other counties. Longchizhou, a big and strong county, should be a prosperous city. This city is definitely not what we call Chengjiang City. So, where is Yuyuan County in Han Dynasty? Did the city sink into Fuxian Lake?
The inner city of Fuxian Lake underwater ancient city may be Wang Dian leaving the palace, and Wang Dian leaving the palace may be later renamed Yuyuan County. The ancient county of Yuyuan Garden is really like what the people say, "There is a sunken city in Chengjiang Lake", which sank to the bottom of the lake because of the earthquake. It is the remaining ancient city under Fuxian Lake.
8. The human history of ancient Yunnan.
The ancient Dianchi Lake is inhabited by Kunming (now the ancestors of Yi people) tribe.
2 1 century, archaeologists found people with similar living and cultural customs to ancient Yunnan people among some ethnic minorities in remote areas today. Especially in Sumatra, Indonesia, a tribe named Bada was found, whose houses, living culture and customs are very similar to those of ancient Yunnan.
Before the Han Dynasty, the ancient Dian Kingdom was established in Dianchi Lake and Fuxian Lake. In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 109), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came to Yunnan, and Wang Quanguo, Yunnan, surrendered and invited officials to the DPRK.
So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave Wang Yin, king of Yunnan, to restore the people (this piece of Yunnan pure gold Wang Yin was unearthed in Shizhai Mountain two thousand years later). After that, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Yizhou County in Yunnan, and the power of the king of Yunnan was replaced by the county chief, which was subject to the county system of the Han Dynasty.
In the 1 century, the once brilliant Yunnan bronze culture was completely integrated into the iron culture. Sima Qian has a vital record of this period of history.
Around 339 BC, Chu wanted to expand its sphere of influence to the southwest and sent Zhuang Qi to Yunnan. Soon, Qin destroyed Ba and Shu, and Zhuang Ti lost contact with Chu homeland. So, "with all kings, he became obedient to their customs and learned from them."
This is a generation of Dian kings clearly recorded in historical materials, and it is impossible to verify whether there was a Dian king before him. However, before Miao Zhuang entered Yunnan, the bronze culture of Yunnan people had entered its heyday.
Professor Li Kunsheng, an archaeologist, said that apart from artistic achievements, Chu culture at this time should be more advanced than Yunnan culture. At least Chu people wear shoes, and Yunnan people are barefoot, but there seems to be not many traces of Chu culture he brought into Yunnan in Yunnan tombs, and some scholars have questioned this record. Around 1 century BC, this isolated kingdom finally came to an end.
A king of Dian, who ruled Dianchi Lake, posed a serious question to the envoys of the Han Dynasty. He asked: Who is older, the Han Dynasty or me? In his eyes, the world will not be much bigger than the territory of Yunnan.
Not long after, however, the lovely king of Yunnan, together with his paradise, disappeared from history. The world is much wider and more complicated than he imagined.
In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 109), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came to Yunnan, and Wang Quanguo, Yunnan, surrendered and invited officials to the DPRK. So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave Wang Yin, the king of Yunnan, to restore his people-this piece of pure Yunnan gold Wang Yin was unearthed in Shizhai Mountain two thousand years later.
After that, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Yizhou County in Yunnan, and the power of the king of Yunnan was replaced by the county chief, which was subject to the county system of the Han Dynasty. The immigration of Han people made the mainland culture enter Yunnan on a large scale. In just 65,438+000 years, the culture of Yunnan people has undergone earth-shaking changes. By the 1 century, Yunnan's once brilliant bronze culture was completely integrated into the iron culture.
9. Composition of Wetland Park in Ancient Yunnan Kingdom
Jincheng Ancient Yunnan Cultural Square is a bright pearl embedded in ancient Yunnan, which is a good place for people to relax, entertain and keep fit. The square takes the cultural relics of Theory of Three Represents ancient Dian culture, such as "Yunnan Golden Seal", "Ancient Dian Shenzhu" and "Four Cow Knight Shell", as materials, and uses symbolic techniques to shape, which condenses and shows the mysterious charm of ancient Dian.
Walking into the ancient Dian Cultural Square seems to be attending a big party. The square was crowded with people, and people came to play everywhere. Many children are playing around here, such as roller skating, riding bicycles, flying kites and playing games. I really want to join them. Occasionally, I meet the children I know screaming and greeting excitedly and talking about happy things loudly.
The most lively is the central square, which has become a super stage, with ballroom dancing, folk dancing, aerobics and even yangko. There is also a group of people singing lanterns at the top of their lungs, entertaining themselves and being extremely happy. In this way, many people met here, became good friends and chatted happily.
What I like best is the green area with green grass, flowers everywhere and lush trees everywhere. There are rugged rocks, winding bridges and flowing water, green trees and white clouds swaying on the mirror, vibrant, lush trees and colorful hydrangeas are the most striking. Evergreen plants such as osmanthus, pine and cypress, evergreen and ivy are planted on the hillside, which are full of vitality all year round. Looking at the harmonious situation between man and nature, I can't help but think of the ancient poem "Man roams in the picture world", which gives birth to infinite reverie.
This is our beautiful ancient Dian cultural square. How happy people here live!