Synchronized swimming is a women's sport. It originated in Germany, Britain and other European countries in the 1920s. It was originally an underwater performance during the intermission in the swimming competition. Composed of swimming, skills, dance and music, it is called "underwater ballet". Synchronized swimming is an artistic and elegant sport. It also needs strength and skill, and it takes years of continuous training to master it. There are ten referees watching their every move. The playground must do a lot of pushing, turning and bending, and it can't rely on the ground at the bottom of the pool. You should also stretch without breathing, and the routine action should last for five minutes during the performance. Even in the most tense routine movements, water ballet dancers should try to keep their imagination relaxed.
history
Synchronized swimming originated in Europe. 1920 Katherine Curtis, the founder of synchronized swimming, arranged for the somersaults of diving and gymnastics to be performed in the water. 1930 was introduced to the United States and Canada, and gradually matched with dance, music and rhythm on the original basis. At first, it was only used as an inter-field entertainment program for two swimming competitions, and then it was gradually integrated into dance and music, becoming a beautiful water sport. 1934 made its first performance at the Chicago World Expo, and became famous in one fell swoop. 1937 Kauste established the world's first synchronized swimming club. 1942 American Amateur Sports Federation confirmed synchronized swimming as an official event. 1952 is listed as an Olympic performance. 1956 was approved by FINA. 1 World Synchronized Swimming Championships was held in 1973. 1984 The 23rd Los Angeles Olympic Games became an official Olympic event, with two events: single and double. Synchronized swimming was listed as an official event on 1984, with two gold medals in women's doubles and team.
Synchronized swimming has not been carried out in China for a long time, and it is still in its infancy. Since 1983, China has invited experts from Japan, the United States, Canada and other countries to give lectures in China. The first synchronized swimming championship was held in August 1984. 1987 it was included in the official competition in the 6th National Games. Since the establishment of synchronized swimming competition, the United States and Canada have shared all the gold medals in the previous four Olympic Games. However, with the retirement of 1996 after the Atlanta Olympic Games, Russia and Japan began to emerge, and 1998 dominated the World Championships. China, French and Italian are also making rapid progress in this project. In Asia, China has obvious advantages in this project, and Japanese and Korean will bring certain challenges to China. Winning the gold medal will be the goal of synchronized swimmers in China.
rules of a contest/competition
At the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, there will be only two forms of water ballet: women's doubles and large groups. Eight groups of athletes (one group consists of eight athletes, including a substitute) and twenty-four pairs will participate in the competition. Doubles are first preliminaries, routine technical movements, and performances are free. The first 12 couples in the preliminaries will make their own moves in the final. In the big group competition, there is no preliminaries, and eight teams directly enter the finals. They can perform routine movements and homemade movements.
Technical action
The routine technique requires strict actions. Although athletes can choose their own music accompaniment, they must make a set of action combinations according to regulations. The technical committee of water ballet redefines the designated movements every four years. An athlete must complete the routine in 10 seconds, the double combination in 20 seconds and the big group in 2 minutes and 50 seconds.
Free performance
Eight people and two people choose their own music and movements in free performances. Their goal is to create a set of creative and recognizable movements, and the combination also needs to include difficult movements. A set of such combinations should include changes in mood and speed, as well as innovative movements, complex combinations and combination changes, and spectacular movements. Free performance time: 4 minutes for couples and 5 minutes for eight people.
Water surface stay
In all movements, the athlete has 10 seconds to float on the water, if the athlete chooses. This action can leave a good impression on the referee and the audience. Although this action is not in the scoring range, it can leave a good first impression.
Technical value
The technical value is to see what the athlete has accomplished when doing special movements. Including implementation, coordination and difficulty.
Execution: Execution depends on swimming style, propulsion skills and forms. Athletes should do their movements easily in the water. The referee also depends on the endurance of the athletes. A top athlete should maintain a high-quality swimming style and make good use of propulsion techniques from the beginning to the end of the competition, and their patterns should be as simple and difficult as at the beginning.
Coordination: in this respect, the referee depends on the cooperation between athletes and teammates and the music. Members of a group of eight or two should coordinate their movements, positions and transposition. They should coordinate their actions on water and underwater.
Difficulty: When considering the difficulty, the referee looks at the skill and strength of the athletes. The referee also depends on the swimming method and the difficulty of the pattern in the water. Another consideration is the "adventure element"-athletes must demonstrate quite difficult skills in the competition.
artistic impression
Artistic impression refers to the overall feeling of action combination. The judges who judge the artistic perception observe the creativity and diversity of athletes' action combinations. They want to see the consistency of athletes' movements and whether the movements express the emotional changes expressed by music.
Grading and deduction
Like diving and gymnastics, the referee scores athletes with special standards, with the highest score of 10. The referee calculated the score to one decimal place. Two of the five judges are by the pool, one judges the technical quality and the other considers the artistic performance of the players.
When the referee finishes his consideration, the athletes' scoring will begin. Next, remove the highest and lowest scores in the five-person judging group and calculate the remaining three scores on average. Then add 60% of the average score to the technical score, which is multiplied by 6, and the artistic impression score is multiplied by 4. The sum of these two scores is equal to the score of the action combination. It's not over yet. In order to decide who is the champion and ranking, routine performance and free performance scored 35% and 65% respectively. Obviously, free performance is more important. In order to calculate the final score, the routine performance and the free performance are multiplied by 0.35 and 0.65 respectively, and the final score is the sum of the two items.
In routine performances and free performances, athletes will be fined 2 points for serious fouls. For example, athletes touch the bottom of the pool to help themselves or their teammates. If you accidentally touch the bottom of the pool, it is not a foul. Minor fouls will be deducted 1 point, such as overtime.
Other rules
If an athlete voluntarily gives up the competition, his team will be disqualified. If an athlete intentionally disturbs his opponent during a strong performance, his team will be fined 2 points. In the routine performance, all members of the combination must make the prescribed actions at the same time, except the cross action, floating action and split action. The background music shall not exceed 90 decibels above the water surface, and occasional noise of 100 decibels is allowed. If the scores of the two groups are the same, look at two or three digits after the decimal point and calculate the number of components. In the routine performance, if there is anything controversial in the video, the referee will make the final penalty.
swimming pool
In the Olympic Games, the swimming pool must be at least 20m long and 30m wide, with a length of12m and a depth of 3m in the area with a width of12m. The water temperature should be 26 degrees Celsius, and the allowable temperature difference is 65438 0 degrees. The water must be clean so that people can see the bottom of the water. This is to let people see if their actions are correct. The field of optional movements needs to be wider in order to play difficult skills. The technical movements of synchronized swimming can be done not only on water, but also in water. At present, synchronized swimming has a strong level in the United States, Canada, Japan, Britain, France, Germany, Switzerland and Mexico.
Synchronized swimming can not only enhance physical fitness and cultivate the spirit of collectivism, but also be pleasing to the eye with its beautiful artistic modeling and difficult technical skills.
Training correlation
Synchronized swimming is a very important ornamental event in all aspects, including the consistency, rhythm and grace of movements. The height and stability of the water level, for example, increase the rapid rotation when standing upside down. As for bodybuilding, swimming is of course the best way. It can not only keep fit, but also exercise.
Now the demand for synchronized swimming seedlings is that they like synchronized swimming, and they should be in contact from the age of seven or eight. It is best to have a swimming or dancing foundation, with a slender figure and beautiful legs. The selected players are all between the ages of five and ten. Synchronized swimmers are stronger because underwater sports consume a lot of physical strength. Can hold your breath, breaststroke and butterfly stroke, with a vital capacity of more than 4000, good physical fitness and no heart disease. They are the perfect combination of competitive sports and art, so they are highly ornamental.
Now there is a kind of water aerobics, which is based on synchronized swimming. Mainly for the public, it is a good means of fitness. As for holding your breath? It is best to practice under the supervision of a professional coach, and if it is to improve lung capacity, you can also exercise without holding your breath, and you can increase swimming time and speed to improve your ability to hold your breath! Hold your breath step by step, otherwise it will be harmful to your health.
Synchronized swimming requires hands and feet in the water. In water, the movement of the upper body on the water needs to be controlled by the strength of the legs, and the movement of the upside-down legs on the water needs to be controlled by the strength of the upper limbs. Therefore, this project requires athletes to use every muscle of the whole body, as well as physical coordination. As for water, athletes learn to swim from an early age and learn synchronized swimming after four swimming positions. Simply put, they are as flexible as fish in water.
Synchronized swimming can go downstream without goggles, but it is very uncomfortable at first. Because there are drugs and bleach in the water. The average athlete only takes it off some time before the game, in order to adapt to the game. Usually, they also wear water glasses to do all kinds of stunts. Everyone should be able to open their eyes in the water, but there is a process of adaptation. Synchronized swimmers will put a nose clip on their nose during the competition, because synchronized swimming often needs to stand upside down, in order to prevent their noses from entering the water. During training and performance, you must always breathe through your mouth.
Now, some new techniques are used in female synchronized swimmers. For example, when an athlete lowers his head, a stuffy nose will prevent water from entering his nose. Gel stabilizes the hairstyle for athletes; There are also special cosmetics to make girls look more beautiful. More importantly, the use of underwater speakers enables athletes to hear music clearly underwater, so as to keep up with the rhythm of music and keep pace with their peers.