The ultimate goal of antihypertensive therapy is to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with hypertension. The target value of blood pressure control should be established in antihypertensive treatment. On the other hand, hypertension often coexists with other risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia, obesity and diabetes. , synergistically increased the risk of cardiovascular disease. Treatment measures should be comprehensive.
Now life is advancing by leaps and bounds, and life is getting better and better. At the same time, this kind of goodness also brings some bad things. Hypertension, which originally only appeared in the elderly, is now beginning to appear in young people. The reason is still in our diet, so we should pay more attention to healthy diet at ordinary times.
The first food we need to control is protein, a red-fleshed animal, because this protein will affect blood pressure and easily cause fluctuations. Usually, you should choose white meat (deep-sea fish) and legumes to eat protein.
Animal viscera is a storehouse for preserving nutrition, which contains many elements. Eating at ordinary times can supplement iron and vitamin A well, but for patients with hypertension, intake should also be controlled, because it is also rich in cholesterol.
Therefore, people with high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia and obesity can't eat animal viscera casually. 100 grams of animal viscera contains 365 mg of cholesterol, so once eaten, it is easy to increase blood pressure and blood lipid, which is not good for controlling the disease.
So what should hypertensive patients eat?
Hypertension patients should always improve their diet structure, protect the nutritional balance, eat more vegetables and eat less high-fat foods, which is the standardization of hypertension diet.
Usually, you can eat more fruits or vegetables that help lower blood pressure, such as onions, tomatoes, apples, bananas, etc., which contain more potassium and help improve blood pressure. Of course, the diet should be light and don't eat too much salt, which is also a major factor leading to high blood pressure.
What misunderstandings should hypertensive patients stay away from in peacetime?
Principle 1 Non-drug treatment of hypertension is not a panacea.
It is difficult for many hypertensive patients to accept the fact that they need to take medicine all year round, and they often take rest, change their diet and exercise to adjust their blood pressure. Hypertension is inevitable, and the effect of non-drug treatment is not omnipotent. Once out of control, it will lead to very dangerous consequences. Especially for patients with family history of hypertension, once the best treatment opportunity is missed, it will not only accelerate the progress of blood pressure, but also cause irreparable damage to other organs.
Principle 2: If blood pressure drops too fast and too hard, something "big" may happen.
Many patients often want doctors to help them lower their blood pressure quickly. High blood pressure drops too fast and too hard, but it will bring danger. Especially for the elderly with hypertension all the year round, if they fall too fast, they are prone to cerebral infarction. Lowering blood pressure should be gentle. In general, after taking antihypertensive drugs, it usually takes 1-2 weeks to take effect, and the blood pressure drops to the target value in 4-8 weeks.
Principle 3 Early morning blood pressure is the key.
At 6- 10 in the morning, blood pressure will reach the peak of the day, and diseases such as myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death and stroke are more common at this time. The efficacy of short-acting antihypertensive drugs could not be maintained for 24 hours, and the drug concentration was low before taking the drug the next morning, so the efficacy was weak and blood pressure could not be controlled well. It is recommended to take long-acting antihypertensive drugs once a day, which can cover 24 hours, reduce blood pressure fluctuation and control blood pressure smoothly.
Principle 4 Long-term use of long-acting drugs will benefit cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
To lower blood pressure, you have to take medicine for a long time. As long as hypertension is diagnosed, whether there are symptoms or not, you should take the medicine on time according to the doctor's advice, and you must not stop taking it casually.
Drug withdrawal can easily lead to blood pressure fluctuation and cardiovascular damage. Only by persistently taking long-acting drugs and stably controlling blood pressure every 24 hours can we really manage blood pressure and better prevent the occurrence of myocardial infarction and stroke.