According to reports, there are many kinds of wolves in Mexico, such as gray wolf, arctic wolf, northern rocky mountain wolf, coyote, North American wolf, red wolf, Japanese wolf and Indian wolf.
The extinct species are: Kenai Shan Lang, Newfoundland Wolf, Grey Wolf, Texas Wolf, Southern Rocky Shan Lang, Newfoundland White Wolf, etc.
The main characteristics of wolves are: Canidae is the largest animal, which looks like a wolf dog, with a body length of 1500-2050 mm and a weight of 26-79 kg; It limps powerfully and is suitable for running. Its snout is light and sharp, its ears are vertical, its tail is long and its hair is fluffy. The upper body is generally light yellow, dark yellow, taupe and light gray, but the latter two colors are the most, and the other is black and white; The abdomen and the inside of limbs are white, but the abdomen, like the inside of limbs, has a light coat color, and the coat color often varies with different habitats and seasonal changes. 5 toes on the front foot and 4 toes on the back toe; There are more diverse habitats at the ends of shoulders and black hair, such as Carex, ice fields, grasslands, forests and desertification. Have their own footprints. Wolves in the north often flock in winter and have a community structure of summer camps. They are a small family with a living area of 160-350 square kilometers. They mainly prey on rabbits, large rodents, deer, birds and all kinds of wild sheep and fish, as well as their aggressive temperature, cruelty and extreme shortcut food, and they also have similar injuries. Estrous mating from February to March every year may be postponed to April at high altitude for 62-63 days. The life expectancy of each fetus1-1offspring, usually 4-6 offspring (David is only 2-3 years old when he is mature) is 12 to/.
Living habits of wolves: Wolves move in groups or alone, with a wide range of habitats, including hills, forests, grasslands, deserts and other living environments, or occupied by other animals, and sometimes dig their own holes, which are about 2-4 meters long and usually have several entrances. They usually move at night, in winter and sometimes during the day, enjoy less human interference, have abundant food and live under certain hidden conditions. In the breeding season, small groups are in winter, and there is a larger ungulate fauna in Tiger, a region that is often preyed by wolves in North America. In Alaska, the largest wolves can reach 36, but generally no more than 20, and our group can reach 2/kloc-0 at most. The size of wolves varies greatly, and often varies according to the seasons and predation. The food composition of wolves is a hybrid. All animals that can catch all their food, including birds, amphibians, insects and small animals, occasionally eat plant food. Wolves also eat wild and domestic ungulates.
Judging from the characteristics and living habits of wolves, their families live a semi-quasi-social life. That is to say, in the mating season, the family is the living unit. When in spring returns, in order to get enough food, it is easy to secretly hunt plants intensively; In the winter when food was scarce, the association began to hunt hoofed animals on a large scale by relying on the strength of the group. It seems that the wolf, an animal, will use abundant food to achieve self-service during the breeding season, and also realize its existence through collective efforts when food is in short supply. This is quite a bit of a combination of market economy and public ownership economy.
It can also be seen from a large number of images introducing wolves that in the film, a wolf family has only one adult male, and its main duty is to prevent the invasion of other males and the escape of female populations. However, in this family composed of many females, only the female wolf has the right to reproduce, and the work of other female wolves is to help raise and protect the cubs born by the female wolf. Even so, the female wolf works hard. In addition to feeding her offspring, she always looks after the male wolves who live with other female wolves to mate, but once she finds that the female wolf and the male wolf have a tendency to mate, she will launch a very vicious attack on them. If the mating is successful, the female wolf will be killed, so many successful female wolves are scared away. Judging from the image data introduced, the fate of this kind of female wolf is the most tragic, and most of them end in death. Fortunately, the estrus of the female wolf is limited by time, otherwise, it is really difficult for the female wolf to survive.
Another feature of wolves is that they are small animals that can't support the elderly, which is very different from lions and other animals in this respect. The so-called old-age pension is that David Avov, a wolf, who does not depend on his parents, will only be raised until he can hunt (about 65,438+0 years old), and then he will be ruthlessly driven out of his home, but it will only drive away the male offspring, and most female offspring will still learn the skills of raising offspring in their wolf parents for a period of time. Not caring for the aged is not only when the male wolf can't play the responsibility of protecting the family for various reasons, but replaces it with a powerful adult male wolf. It turns out that the male wolf in the family is either killed or escaped in action, and the female wolf is also facing the same problem; When foreign males dominate the family, they will kill or even eat underage wolves. Wolves far away from their families or groups will not be accepted by other wolves (except young female wolves), so they become lone wolves, and the probability of survival of lone wolves is very low, so they also face the most only death.
When there is enough food, the mother wolf will give birth to a lot, and when the food is scary, the number of cubs will automatically increase, as if their ability has a feeling; Wolves are still a thrifty player. They bury endless food together to meet the demand of food shortage. It seems that wolves also know the importance of food collection in Guangzhou.
According to the data, wolves living in Mexico and the central mountainous areas are a unique subspecies. Their genes are unique. Although they are small, they are very strong. Researchers believe that this is like applying ancient drugs (such as Aztec and Inca) to dogs, and a species emerged when wolves crossed, so dogs have this gene.
It is reported that arabian wolf, a subspecies of Asia, may be the ancestor of many dogs in Europe and Asia. In the vast area of Asia, wolves and dogs who live in groups and have strong adaptability first live in this area.
Anatomists and behaviorists have studied the origin of dogs in detail 100 years. It is generally believed that wolves are the direct ancestors of dogs. When all dogs are family members, great changes have taken place in the social organization, body shape and skin color of wolves. Before human predation, wolves were the most widely distributed among all terrestrial mammals, but their numbers were reduced due to human hunting, breeding and other factors. Some scholars believe that the wolf is an opportunist, judging only human beings by its omnivorousness, and it is interested in following the footsteps of human beings, eating food discarded by human beings, or poultry, such as hunting, especially in seasonal food shortage. Humans migrated from the northern region, and wolves followed. When their parents were killed, their cubs might have adapted to living with humans (coyotes and jackals are different, and wolves have flexible social behaviors), and domestication began from then on. Therefore, researchers believe that the process from wild to domestication is faster than previously thought.
The ancient animal ancestors in China are still observing at home. For example, the proverb "wolfing down" vividly describes the scene when they are eating; Another example is "ambition", because only adult male wolves and female wolves have the right to reproduce. Therefore, when each wolf has the desire to become a wolf, the offspring will survive. The saying that "dogs meddle with mice" is a big problem, because wolves are the ancestors of dogs and eat mice. If dogs catch mice, we humans need not be afraid of the problem of mice.
In recent decades, many countries in the world have paid more and more attention to the research work such as animal behavior, and have gained important inspiration and benefited a lot from it. From the study of biodiversity, we also see the benefits brought by human beings, and we also see the worry about the rapid disappearance of diversity. In other words, protecting the biodiversity in nature is also protecting ourselves. Cyanobacteria, red tides and lake rats may be just disasters that we can see, but there may be many more disasters that we can't see. This is a loss that no amount of money can buy or make up for.
Chinese translation:
Wolves used to be widely distributed all over the world, but the distribution area of wolves has been greatly reduced, especially in North America and Western Europe. At present, wolves in China are mainly distributed in areas with low population density in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and Tibet.
According to the data, there are many kinds of wolves, including Mexican Wolf, Arctic Wolf, Northern Rocky Shan Lang Wolf, Coyote, North American Wolf, Red Wolf, Japanese Wolf and Indian Wolf.
The extinct species are Kenai Shan Lang Wolf, Newfoundland Wolf, Texas Grey Wolf, Southern Rocky Shan Lang Wolf, Newfoundland White Wolf, etc.
The main characteristics of wolves are: the largest dog in Canidae, which looks like a German shepherd, with a body length of 1500-2050 mm and a weight of 26-79 kg; It has vigorous limbs and is suitable for running. Its nose and mouth are slightly pointed, its auricle is straight, and its tail hair is long and fluffy. The upper body is generally light yellow, dark yellow, grayish brown and light gray, but the latter two coat colors are mostly black and white; The abdomen and the inside of the limbs are white, but the coat color of the limbs and the inside of the abdomen is light. Due to different habitats and seasonal changes, the coat color is often different. 5 toes on the front foot and 4 toes on the back foot; There are many black hairs on the shoulders and tails, and there are various habitats, such as moss, ice fields, grasslands, forests and deserts. Wolves in the north often live in groups in winter and have a community structure. In summer, we live as a small family with an area of 160-350 square kilometers. They mainly prey on rabbits, large rodents, deer, all kinds of wild sheep, birds and fish. They are fierce and cruel, hurting their companions when food is extremely scarce. At high altitude, estrus mating from February to March every year may be postponed to April. The gestation period is 62 ~ 63 days, and each litter is 1 ~ 1 1. Usually, the life span of 4 ~ 6 litters (when young wolves reach the age of 2 ~ 3) is 12 ~ 15 years.
Living habits of wolves: wolves live in groups or alone in a wide range of habitats, including hills, forests, grasslands, deserts and other living environments, or occupy caves of other animals, and sometimes dig their own caves. The caves are about 2-4 meters long and usually have several entrances. It usually walks at night and sometimes moves during the day in winter. It likes to live under the conditions of less human interference, abundant food and certain concealment. In the breeding season, small groups are integrated, and in winter, wolves tend to form larger groups to prey on ungulates in the Taiga forest area of North America. In Alaska, the largest wolves are 36, but generally no more than 20. The largest group in China is 2 1. Wolves vary greatly in size, often due to different seasons and predation. Wolf's food is very mixed. All the animals that can be caught are their food, including birds, amphibians, insects and other small animals, and occasionally eat plant food. Wolves also like to eat wild and domestic ungulates.
Judging from the characteristics and living habits of wolves, they live a semi-family and semi-social life. That is, in the mating season, the family is the unit of life. At this time, the Spring Festival is rich in food and dense plants, which is convenient for hiding and hunting; When food was scarce in winter, it began to form associations and hunted large ungulates with the strength of the group. It seems that wolves, as animals, are very good at making use of the family's selfish interests when food is abundant and relying on the collective strength to achieve their own survival when food is scarce. This is quite a bit of a combination of market economy and public ownership economy.
It can also be seen from many videos introducing wolves that there is only one adult male in a wolf's family, and its main duty is to prevent the invasion of other males and the escape of females in this group. However, in this family composed of many females, only the female wolf has the right to give birth to offspring, and the work of other females is to help raise and protect the cubs born by the female wolf. Even so, the mother wolf's work is very hard. In addition to feeding her offspring, she must always look after other female wolves that mate with male wolves. Once she finds that the female wolf has a tendency to mate with the male wolf, she will launch a very vicious attack on it. If it mates successfully, the female wolf will kill it, so most of the female wolves that mate successfully run away. According to the introduction of image data, the fate of this kind of female wolf is mostly tragic, and most of them end in death. Fortunately, the female wolf is in estrus in time, otherwise the female wolf will really not live well.
Another feature of wolves is that they raise small animals that don't take care of the elderly, which is very different from animals such as lions. The so-called "caring for the young and not caring for the old" means that the wolf's parents only keep the wolf until he can hunt (1 year old), and then they will drive him out of the house mercilessly, and he will only drive away the males in the offspring. Most female offspring will stay with the wolf's parents for a while and learn the skills of raising offspring. Not caring for the aged means that when a male wolf can't take the responsibility of protecting his family for various reasons, he will be replaced by a strong adult male from outside. The male wolf in family of origin either dies or escapes, and the female wolf also faces this problem. When foreign males rule this family, they will kill or even eat underage wolves. Wolves who leave their families or groups will not be accepted by other wolves (except young females), so they become solitary wolves, and the chances of survival of solitary wolves are very low, so most of them face only death.
When there is enough food, the mother wolf will give birth to more cubs. When there is no food, she will automatically control the number of cubs, as if she had the ability to predict. Wolves are also good savers. They will hide the food they can't eat to meet the needs of food shortage. It seems that wolves also understand the importance of wide grain harvest.
According to the data, the wolf living in the mountains of central Mexico is a unique subspecies with unique genes. Small as it is, it is strong. Researchers believe that this is probably a breed produced by ancient Mexicans (such as Azks and Incas) crossing dogs and wolves, so it has the genetic genes of dogs.
It is reported that arabian wolf is a subspecies of Asia and may be the ancestor of many European and Asian domestic dogs. In the vast areas of Asia, this kind of gregarious and adaptable wolf lives in the area where domestic dogs first appeared.
Anatomists and behaviorists have studied the origin of domestic dogs in detail for more than 100 years, and now it is generally believed that wolves are the direct ancestors of domestic dogs. Among all members of Canidae, great changes have taken place in the social organization, body shape and coat color of wolves. Wolves are the most widely distributed among all terrestrial mammals until humans preyed on them in large numbers, but their numbers decreased sharply due to human hunting and reclamation. Some scholars believe that the wolf is still an opportunist. Judging from its omnivorousness, it has followed the footsteps of human beings since the appearance of human beings, eating food discarded by human beings or hunting poultry, especially in the season of food shortage. When humans migrate from the northern hemisphere, wolves migrate with them. When their parents were killed, their cubs may have adapted to living with humans (coyotes and jackals are not as flexible as wolves), and domestication began. Therefore, some researchers believe that the process from wild to domestication is faster than previously thought.
Our ancient ancestors observed animals very well. For example, the idiom "wolfing down" vividly describes the scene of their eating. Another example is "wolf ambition", because only adult male wolves and female wolves have the right to reproduce. Therefore, every wolf has the desire to be a leader. Only when he becomes a wolf can his descendants survive. The saying that "dogs take mice-mind their own business" is very problematic, because wolves are the ancestors of dogs and wolves eat mice. If dogs bring mice, we humans don't have to worry about mice.
In recent decades, many countries in the world have paid more and more attention to the research of animal behavior, and have gained important enlightenment beneficial to human development and benefited a lot. From the research, we can also see the various benefits that biodiversity brings to human beings, and we are also worried about the rapid disappearance of diversity. In other words, protecting the biodiversity of nature is also protecting ourselves. The blue-green algae, red tides and rodents in Dongting Lake may be just visible disasters, but the invisible disasters may be far more than these, and no amount of money can buy or make up for the losses.