Ding Haifeng /2020.09.03
Health security, medical care and hygiene are related to birth, illness, death, everyone and every family.
Doctor, an ancient profession, exists only in human society. The history of Shu Tousun's village doctors is not clearly recorded. Shu Tousun's village doctor has never been a special profession. They are not only farmers, but also doctors who treat people. They walk between villages and families to provide services for the villagers.
Based on the memory of the contemporary tree-headed Sunzhuang people, this paper draws lessons from the context of rural medical services in the changing times, supplemented by all aspects of medical care-related information, and strives to completely record and present people's pursuit of healthy life.
First, the background of rural doctors
Sun Peiyuan, whose date of birth and death is unknown, should have come from five Sun Shi schools and was closely related to Sun Rulin, Sun Rusen and Sun Rubin. Sun Peiyuan, a young man with a good family, studied literature since childhood and was admitted to imperial academy. He was a talented young man selected by the Chinese and Uighur New School during the Reform Movement of 1898 in Guangxu. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, he was arrested and rescued by Zhang Zhidong in Nanpi. After that, he engaged in Chinese medicine and treated the villagers until his death (this paragraph is the same as the article "Tree Head and Grandson"). This is a long-standing village doctor record that the author can search. The Reform Movement of 1898 took place in 1898. According to Sun Peiyuan's age of 25 at that time, he should be around 30 when he was a doctor in the village, which is about 1905. According to his age of 65, he has been a doctor for about 30 years. In the late Qing Dynasty, although western medicine entered China, it did not spread to the grass-roots villages like Shutou Sunzhuang, and Chinese medicine still occupied the absolute mainstream. With Sun Peiyuan's talent at that time, it should not be difficult to teach Chinese medicine by himself or learn medicine from a teacher, and practice medicine and prescribe medicine. According to logical reasoning, Sun Bingnan and Sun Jiarui, who are suitable for each other, should have been influenced by it more or less, or even directly cultivated.
Sun Bingnan, (about 1880? - 1950? ), Uncle Sun, a Chinese doctor, is good at treating typhoid fever and is famous for practicing medicine in surrounding towns and villages. In the early days of liberation, he was criticized for his rich family.
Sun Jiarui, (about 1890? - 1950? ), Sun's grandfather, opened a pharmacy in the market town to see doctors and sell medicines.
Sun Jiaxun (1920.4-1989.7.10) is a good reader. When I was young, I helped my second brother Sun Jiarui catch and sell medicines, and I was enlightened by medicine. 1955- 1956, employed by the people's government, attended a health clinic, worked as a doctor in Bian Xi Village, Jiaozhuang Village and Houzhuang Village successively, and finally retired in the town health center, and opened a pharmacy in the village after retirement. (This information is provided by Sun Shuangcheng, the grandson of Sun Jiaxun)
Sun Yushan (1925? -2000? ), 1966 or so, the government trained rural health talents in the way of "part agriculture and part medicine", and Sun Yushan signed up for basic medical technology training such as battlefield ambulance, and gradually studied and grew into a rural doctor.
Sun Zhanlin (1952-2004) studied under his father, Sun Jiaxun, and constantly taught himself. After the reform and opening up, he became a doctor and used both Chinese and western medicine. The pharmacy is opened in his back room, equipped with simple medical equipment such as stethoscope, and he will take a small medicine box when he goes out to see a doctor. The author is young and easy to catch a cold, and has much medical experience.
Sun Qunxing (1979-), the first degree in technical secondary school of Hebei Medical College, majoring in clinical medicine; Second degree: Hebei Medical University College, majoring in clinical medicine. 65438-0999(2020) began to practice medicine in Shutou Sunzhuang.
Jia (1958-), a native of Houguo Village, Goudian, graduated from Cangzhou Health School with a major in clinical medicine. He used to be a doctor in town health center, and joined Sunzhuang village clinic on 20 14.
Second, medical services.
Village doctors before Sun Qunxing, Sun Yushan and Sun Zhanlin all arranged pharmacies in their own rooms, and the conditions were relatively simple. Sun Jiaxun is mainly engaged in Chinese medicine and is good at "asking questions", but the author has no medical experience with him, only knowing that he was an old doctor in Sunzhuang since he was a child. /kloc-During the 1980s, Sun Yushan practiced medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and was familiar with acupuncture, pulse diagnosis and intravenous drip. The author saw more doctors before he was seven or eight years old. Call him "grandpa three" every time he goes. The child was afraid of an injection, so he induced me to laugh first, and then suddenly he stuck a needle in his ass, which felt very painful. When I was about to cry, the injection was over.
During about 1987-2003, Sun Zhanlin received more medical services from the author and his family. When encountering a cold and fever at home, Sun Zhanlin will carry a small medicine box to serve at home and complete diagnosis, dispensing, injection and intravenous drip at home. Sick people are in a hurry. When they have a fever and a headache, they feel sick all over. Every time they hear the sound of the doctor entering the door, they are much relieved.
Starting from 1999, Sun Qun Xing borrowed two rooms from the village committee as clinics, and began to carry out diagnosis and treatment in the village. 20 14, a new clinic with an area of about 40 square meters was built opposite the village Committee at the expense of the superior. The consultation room, treatment room and pharmacy were separated, and the conditions of village clinics were greatly improved.
Villagers go to the village to see a doctor, mainly because it is convenient and timely, and minor illnesses stay in the village, which greatly facilitates the villagers and better guarantees their health. In addition to the convenience of village clinics, village doctors can also make pre-diagnosis and pre-judgment, and give guidance and suggestions on the health maintenance of villagers and the medical treatment of large hospitals. Village doctors are familiar circles for the majority of villagers. They are familiar with patients' individual health and disease development, and have natural advantages for disease prevention and maintenance treatment of chronic diseases. The so-called "villagers have headaches and brain fever, and they can't do without doctors."
The village doctor is still the nearest "120" to the villagers. Once there is a health emergency, rural doctors often contact patients as early as possible, so the pre-treatment of many acute diseases will create conditions for saving lives and health.
Judging from the technical characteristics of doctors in Shutou Suncun, Sun Jiaxun and his former doctors mainly used Chinese medicine, Sun Yushan and Sun Zhanlin used both Chinese and western medicine, and Sun Qunxing entered the era of western medicine.
Third, medical talents.
In addition to the native village doctors, Shutou Sunzhuang has also grown up medical professionals through national education, working in city and county hospitals or enterprises and institutions respectively.
Sun, 1956? —— Graduated from Cangzhou Health School, former county people's hospital physician.
Sun Ronghua, 1960? -Sun Yushan's eldest daughter, graduated from Cangzhou Health School and worked as a doctor in the county people's hospital.
Sun Lihua, 1962? -The second daughter, Sun Yushan, graduated from Cangzhou Health School and was originally a doctor at Sangyuan Egg Factory.
Ding, 1969-, female, undergraduate, graduated from Chengde Medical College, majoring in clinical medicine, and is the chief physician of Cangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital.
Ding Zehao, 1997-, female, undergraduate, graduated from Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, majoring in clinical medicine of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and joined wuqiao county Second People's Hospital in 2020.
Fourth, epidemic prevention.
Parents often have a round vaccination mark on their arms. According to his father Ding Shudong, it was left by vaccination around 1964. At that time, it was called vaccinia, which was a vaccine against smallpox. They were also vaccinated against meningitis. My father's primary school classmate Sun Zhongju (Sun's brother) died of meningitis.
In the 1980 s, when I was a child, the village loudspeakers would broadcast, and doctors from the town health center would come to the village to vaccinate the children. After attending primary school, they will concentrate on the school for vaccination.
According to the author's memory, the infectious diseases in this village were "pink eye (acute conjunctivitis, highly contagious, spread by hand or water contact)" and "mumps, an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by mumps virus, which most often affected children aged 5- 15" in the 1960s. The village committee organized and implemented the prevention and control measures for SARS in 2003 and COVID-19 in 2020. After 2000, people took more initiative to prevent influenza, and a few frail elderly people took protective measures of vaccination. Children's epidemic prevention is carried out in the town health center according to the unified deployment of the county health and epidemic prevention department.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) health awareness
With the changes of the times, the villagers' health awareness has been continuously improved with the change of lifestyle and the improvement of education level, and people's expectations for the quality of life have also been continuously improved. Medical knowledge is more popular, villagers' understanding of various diseases is more in-depth and scientific, and people are more active in disease prevention and control. For example, pay more attention to health in diet; Condition maintenance according to the doctor's advice; Pay attention to fitness exercise; Pay attention to personal hygiene habits.
In recent years, with the progress of society, villagers' awareness of public health is gradually improving. For example, under the organization and leadership of the two village committees, water and toilet improvement, living environment, garbage disposal, etc.
Six, rural cooperative medical care
According to the village where the author's father Ding Shudong and Sun are located, around 1968, the government organized rural cooperative medical care. At that time, each household could be reimbursed by paying 5 cents a year. Villager Xie (the mother of Ding Huipu and Ding Huiqing) is the first and last person to enjoy the reimbursement of cooperative medical expenses. Since then, the practice of rural cooperative medical care has been in trouble and ended without results.
Until 2003, for about 30 years, farmers did not have any medical insurance, and they paid for medical treatment at their own expense.
In 2003, Hebei Province began to implement the new rural cooperative medical system, and in 2020, it will play the role of basic medical security.
The following two paragraphs are quoted from 360 Encyclopedia as the auxiliary background information of this paper.
The new rural cooperative medical system is organized, guided and supported by the government, with farmers participating voluntarily, and financed by individuals, collectives and the government. It is a medical assistance system for farmers based on overall planning of serious illness. It is not only a unique part of the medical security system in China, but also an important part of the rural social security system in China. It provides all-round medical services for farmers. It not only provides general outpatient and inpatient services for rural social members, but also undertakes tasks such as planned immunization for children, maternal health care for women, family planning, epidemic monitoring of endemic diseases, and carries out various disease prevention work, food and drinking water sanitation, patriotic health work, etc. According to the principle of putting prevention first and combining prevention with control, it plays a positive role in protecting farmers' health in many aspects. (This passage is quoted from 360 Encyclopedia)
The rural cooperative medical system in China has experienced seven main stages: germination, initial construction, development, glory, decline, exploration and reconstruction, and new rural cooperative medical system popularization. Accordingly, there are six main rural cooperative medical care models, including wartime controlled cooperative medical care, team welfare cooperative medical care, new welfare cooperative medical care, risk cooperative medical care, welfare risk cooperative medical care and medical reform cooperative medical care. Establishing a new rural cooperative medical system is an important measure to effectively solve the "three rural issues" and coordinate the coordinated development of urban and rural economy and society. It is also a "booster" for building a harmonious society and an "accelerator" for farmers to get rich and run towards a well-off society. (This passage is quoted from 360 Encyclopedia)