Because it is unsafe, the skin will become extremely delicate once it is allergic. If you change a series of cosmetics at this time, it will easily bring harm to your skin. So don't replace them all at once. You can start with the final products of skin care products, such as night cream or lotion, and gradually replace them all. You can also stop using irritating products, such as products containing alcohol or fruit acid.
2. When a lot of acne grows on the face, it is not that the skin is not washed clean.
If you think that you have so many pimples because your skin is not cleaned, it is easy to irritate your skin more. Acne may be a sensitive symptom of skin or an adult acne caused by stress. At this time, you should see a doctor, instead of blindly rubbing acne products, or exfoliating or deep cleaning, which will further stimulate the skin.
3. Don't rub the facial cleanser directly on your face.
Facial cleanser without foam will stick tightly to the skin surface and damage the sebum membrane. The correct way is to add water to knead and foam first, because the foaming detergent can play a cleaning role, and the foam is milder than the non-foaming emulsion. When you wash your face, you should wash the T-shaped part first, and then wash it off with warm water when you pat it on your cheek.
4, pay attention to regular cleaning powder puff.
You should know that dirty cosmetics can make your skin sensitive, so you must clean it, because the oil on your face will be sucked away by a puff when you make up. Grease-filled puff is in contact with air, which is the best breeding ground for bacteria. Using a dirty puff is not only unsightly, but also easy to make the skin fragile or acne. Wash the puff once a week, using special detergent or mild soap. After washing, press with a facial tissue to absorb water, and then dry in the shade. When choosing a cleaner for cosmetic tools, we must pay attention to choosing a professional cleaner for treatment. In daily life, the base makeup is mainly used on the base makeup, and the foundation is thicker than other makeup, so makeup tools are more likely to breed bacteria. Use special cleaning liquid for cosmetic brush, spray it on the brush head for daily use, and wipe it back and forth on the soft cloth until it is clean.
5, dry and itchy skin, do not use moisturizing cream.
Because thick and sticky skin care products are a burden to sensitive skin, don't use them when the skin feels dry and itchy. Too oily skin care products are easy to irritate sensitive skin and are not easy to absorb. The texture of "emulsion" is more suitable for sensitive skin than cream and essence.
6. Don't try to cover red and dry skin with powder.
Because it may be that your skin is inflamed, sensitive skin with inflammation should stop making up first. Ordinary cosmetic tools will aggravate the degree of skin inflammation. When brushing honey powder, you must choose pure wool and hand-painted. Even sensitive muscles can create clear bare muscles.
Use skills
Use a rouge brush to get a proper amount of blush, and adjust the concentration and makeup effect on the back of your hand. Draw a circle from the temple to the center of cheekbone and the center of ear.
Many women will use foundation and lipstick because they are direct and effective, with white skin and red lips. However, these two points are not enough unless you think you are better. Every part of the average person's face has something to beautify. There are three things that can be icing on the cake. That's concealer, rouge and eye shadow.
Concealer: since the birth of 1954, various effective products improved by new technologies have emerged one after another, such as antibacterial, sunscreen and moisturizing ingredients.
Tips for using concealer are as follows:
You should choose one that suits your complexion.
Apply it to the center of the defect, and then brush it evenly from the inside out with a small brush.
If you want to cover dark circles, you can choose a concealer lighter than your skin color and apply it gently from bottom to top.
If it is used to cover scars, be sure to choose a color system twice lighter than skin color.
Eye shadow: the eyes are the windows of the soul, which can't be ignored when making up. Pay attention to the eyebrows must be trimmed frequently, because it will affect the outline of the whole face. When pulling eyebrows, you must pull them along the growth direction of the eyebrows, try to clean up the hair under the eyebrows and highlight the eyebrow line, and do it according to the shape of the eyebrow bone to keep the tail position of the eyebrows slim. To make the sparse eyebrows look plump, we can scan the eye shadow powder that matches the hair and skin color by eyebrow scanning, so that the eyebrows look natural and soft.
Rouge: Rouge can be used to strengthen and improve the contour of cheeks. Whether you want to look gorgeous or healthy and natural, you must choose rouge that matches your skin color. Light rouge is suitable for general skin color, while dark color is more suitable for dull skin color. When applying rouge, use a big rouge to sweep it evenly on both cheeks. Remember to slowly and patiently sweep the rouge point by point, and don't sweep a lot of rouge in the same place. You can also gently brush rouge on your forehead, sideburns, chin and other places to make your skin look more rosy. If you want to make the facial contour more prominent, you can try to sweep rouge powder on your cheekbones, but you should sweep it evenly and softly. Don't sweep the rouge into a rectangle to make the makeup look unnatural. You can also use rouge emulsion, which is smoother than pink rouge, but it is more difficult to use. It's best to touch a little with your fingertips first, so that the heat of your hand can make it melt gently, so it's easy to apply evenly. In the carving of makeup, ordinary women, like professional makeup artists, have rigid requirements for the exquisiteness of makeup. Due to bare-handed bottoming or eye shadow and facial contour modification, the makeup is dull and lacks spirituality. [7]
Maintenance standard
Stay away from the bathroom
The air humidity in the bathroom is often very high, and the high humidity environment is not conducive to the safety of cosmetics. In midsummer, it is even easy to get wet, moldy and enter the water. In addition to cleaning products, skin care products and cosmetics should also be kept away from wet toilets. More commonly used cosmetics can be put on the dresser, and less commonly used cosmetics can be put in the drawer. Buy now, don't hoard.
The use period of mascara is 6 months.
Mascara will be eliminated after more than 6 months, because it needs to be pulled constantly when using mascara, which is easy to harden and deteriorate; In addition, mascara is very close to the eyes, and drying or hardening will affect the skin. Therefore, the mascara used for opening cannot exceed six months.
Pay attention to sun protection
Office workers who like makeup and work from nine to five can use sunscreen foundation directly without sunscreen even in midsummer. Because OLs, which works from nine to five, only gets the sun on the way to work in the morning and evening, wearing sunscreen and foundation is double-layer airtight, which leads to the double waste of skin oil. Directly using sunscreen foundation, you should also pay attention to the following three points:
Be sure to choose a foundation with sunscreen function, and the index is preferably SPF 15 and PA++, which can prevent both UVA and UVB ultraviolet rays.
Skin care products should also be adjusted accordingly, and products with water quality, gel and emulsion should be light and oil-free.
After washing your face, you should quickly take lotion to replenish water and tighten your skin. Then apply moisturizing and oil-free skin care lotion, so that the skin can achieve maximum water retention before makeup, so that the effect of holding makeup will last longer.
Management method
Collection: first, collect all the cosmetics scattered in the bathroom, dressing table, travel bag and other places, and then start sorting out.
Elimination: products that have been eliminated for more than 2 years; Throw away products that have not been used in the past 6 months, because you will have little chance to use these products in the future!
Observation: What are the main colors left after analysis and finishing? What cosmetics do you use every day? The conclusion after analysis can be used as a guide when you buy cosmetics in the future, helping you avoid spending money on cosmetics that you already have or don't use at all.
Management: organize two sets of cosmetics: one for home use and one for travel; It's best to prepare a small cosmetic bag so that you can make up at any time when you are outside.
Admission rules
Just as clothes need to be stored in different seasons, cosmetics and skin care products need to be stored in different seasons. When doing seasonal storage, throw away the products that are close to expiration and give the colors that are not suitable for you to others. Finally, the rest can be maintained before collection.
Skin care products: also dip cotton in alcohol first, and clean the edges of bottle caps and bottle mouths. This not only has the function of disinfection, but also can clean the oily and waxy parts of the bottle mouth that are easy to breed bacteria, and then seal the bottle mouth with adhesive tape to prevent the liquid from evaporating and drying.
Lipstick: Use a clean facial tissue to gently wipe off the part that has touched your lips, and then you can put it away.
Box cosmetics such as eye shadow, blush and powder cake: firstly, wipe off the used and dirty powder cake with a clean cotton pad, then dip cotton (or cotton pad) in alcohol to wipe the shell, edge and mirror of the powder box, then open it in a place with no direct sunlight and ventilation for 5 minutes, then cover it and put it in a cabinet or cosmetic box.
Postpregnancy attention
Women who love beauty like to make up, because they look younger, more beautiful and radiant after makeup. Everyone loves beauty, and makeup is not prohibited. But when you are pregnant, you should be alert to the harmful chemical components contained in some cosmetics. What cosmetics should pregnant women ban?
1, hair dye
According to the investigation of foreign medical experts, hair dye can not only cause skin cancer, but also cause breast cancer, leading to fetal malformation. Therefore, pregnant women should not use hair dye.
2, cold perm essence
According to years of research by French medical experts, women's hair is not only very fragile, but also easy to fall off after pregnancy. If you use chemical cold perm to perm your hair, it will aggravate hair loss.
In addition, chemical cold perm of sperm will also affect the normal growth and development of pregnant women's fetuses, and a few women will have allergic reactions to it. So pregnant women should not use chemical cold perm essence.
3. Lipstick
Lipstick is composed of various oils, waxes, pigments and spices. Among them, lanolin is usually used as oil. Lanolin can not only adsorb all kinds of heavy metals and trace elements harmful to human body in the air, but also adsorb Escherichia coli into the fetus, and it also has certain permeability. After pregnant women wear lipstick, some harmful substances in the air are easily adsorbed on their lips and invade the body with saliva, causing harm to the fetus in the pregnant woman's abdomen. In view of this, it is best for pregnant women not to wear lipstick, especially for a long time.
In addition, the quality of some cosmetics is worrying. Guangdong Provincial Health and Epidemic Prevention Station randomly selected 65,438,000 kinds of cosmetics sold in the market. It has been found that some cosmetics contain lead, mercury, arsenic and other harmful elements. Many cosmetics such as black hair lotion and hair dye water contain a lot of lead, some also contain a lot of copper, and some cosmetics contain an amazing number of bacteria. In particular, most cosmetics have not been tested by relevant departments. Therefore, please pay attention to the harm of cosmetics to the body and future generations. [8]
Safe use of cosmetics
Super-standard grade
The whitening or freckle removing effect of "mercury exceeding the standard" products is quick, making the skin look very white. However, "mercury exceeding the standard" products will destroy the normal physiological structure of the skin, produce abnormal skin pigmentation, appear "melanosis", and even damage the nervous, digestive and endocrine systems, resulting in damage to internal organs.
Right choice
Choosing cosmetics should be considered from the following two aspects:
1. Cosmetic quality
First of all, the most important thing to choose cosmetics is to see whether the quality is guaranteed. Generally speaking, it is better to choose famous factories and brand-name cosmetics, because famous factories have good equipment, high product standards and guaranteed quality. Brand-name products are generally trustworthy products and are safer to use. Cosmetics without manufacturer and commodity logo are not available. At the same time, you should pay attention to whether the product has inspection certificate and production license to prevent counterfeiting. Also pay attention to the production date of cosmetics. General ointment and honey products should be purchased within one year after leaving the factory.
Secondly, learn to identify the quality of cosmetics.
① Identification from appearance: Good cosmetics should be bright in color, elegant and soft. If the color is found to be dark, dirty and different shades, it means there is something wrong with the quality. If the appearance is turbid, oil and water are separated or flocs appear, and the paste shrinks and cracks, it cannot be used.
2 Identification from the smell: The smell of cosmetics is elegant and strong, but they are all pure. If it smells pungent, it means it is a fake or a deteriorated product.
③ Perception and recognition: Take a little cosmetic and gently apply it to the skin. If it can be evenly and tightly attached to the skin and has a smooth and comfortable feeling, it is a delicate cosmetic. If it is rough, sticky or even itchy and dry after application, it is inferior cosmetics.
2. Personal and environmental factors When choosing cosmetics, besides the quality of cosmetics, users and environmental factors should also be considered.
① According to skin type: people with oily skin should use refreshing emulsion skin care products; People with dry skin should use nutritious and moisturizing skin care products; People with neutral skin should use mild skin care products.
② According to age and sex: children have delicate skin and low sebum secretion, so special skin care products for children should be used; Old people's skin is atrophic, dry and thin, so they should choose skin care products containing oil, moisturizing factor and vitamin E. Men should choose men's skin care products.
3 according to skin color: when choosing cosmetics such as lipstick, eye shadow, foundation and nail polish. Be sure to coordinate with your skin color. People with fair skin should choose cosmetics with sunscreen function.
④ According to the season: the cosmetics used in different seasons are different. In the cold season, cosmetics with strong moisturizing performance should be selected, while in summer, emulsion or powder cosmetics should be selected.
Safety protection
When keeping cosmetics, we must remember that cosmetics have "six fears".
Fear of heat: cosmetics should not be stored in places where the temperature is too high. Because high temperature will cause oil-water separation of cosmetics, the paste will dry and shrink, resulting in deterioration.
Fear of sun exposure: cosmetics should not be stored in direct sunlight or in places with sufficient light. Because light will make the water in cosmetics evaporate, some ingredients lose their vitality and lead to deterioration. Ultraviolet rays in the sun will also make some substances in cosmetics undergo chemical changes, which will affect the use effect and even produce adverse reactions.
Fear of freezing: cosmetics can be put in the fresh-keeping freezer of the refrigerator, not in the freezer. In cold season, it is not advisable to put cosmetics outdoors or carry them outdoors for a long time. Because freezing will crack cosmetics, and oil-water separation will occur after thawing, and the texture will become thicker, which will irritate the skin.
Fear of moisture: Some cosmetics contain protein, which is easy to get moldy after getting wet. Some cosmetics use iron covers, which are easy to rust and corrode after being wet, and make cosmetics deteriorate.
Afraid of long-term release: the validity period of general cosmetics is 1-2 years, and the storage period after opening is shorter. Therefore, it is best to use up cosmetics within the validity period, and it is not allowed to stop using them after expiration. Even the best cosmetics, if carefully kept, will be worthless.
Fear of pollution: after using cosmetics, the bottle cap must be tightened in time to prevent bacteria from invading and reproducing. It is best to avoid holding it directly by hand when using it, and you can use clean cotton swabs and other tools to hold it. If you take too much at a time, you can apply it to other parts of your body and don't put it back in the bottle.
measure
Cosmetics are a kind of beauty and skin care products that people apply to their faces. Because its main components are different, it is related to everyone's skin characteristics. Therefore, when many people use cosmetics, some skin will be red, swollen, painful and blistered, which is cosmetic allergy. Cosmetic allergy is quite unbearable for some people, and on some occasions, allergies will cause embarrassing situations that they don't want to face.
So how to deal with this accident? When you buy cosmetics, you can ask a professional to help you check whether the cosmetics react with your skin. If it is positive, it is allergic; Negative means not allergic. After the test results come out, stop using allergic cosmetics immediately and find a liquid hot compress with opposite properties to neutralize it. And you need to go to a regular hospital to find a doctor to prescribe medicine for oral administration. Within 3-4 days, the allergic symptoms will obviously improve. And through this lesson, I understand what kind of cosmetics my skin is allergic to, so I should pay special attention when buying in the future.
clean
First, the powder cake has been used. When you see the metal bottom, there is only one circle around. It is really inconvenient to use, but it is a pity to throw it away.
Scrape off the remaining powder cake and put it in a sterilized mortar. After grinding, add proper amount of olive oil and alcohol, and continue stirring until it becomes a uniform paste. Dig it out and put it in a small iron plate or a clean plastic box in a used eye shadow box, press it with the back of a large metal spoon, and then put it in a ventilated place to dry, and you can continue to use it for a while. This method is also suitable for powder cakes that are too deep and too shallow, and re-coloring can also rejuvenate.
Second, many lipsticks with colors that you don't like are used once or twice and never want to use them again.
Lipstick that is still in the shelf life, but I don't like the color. You can cut it out and put it in a small plastic medicine box, arrange it in different colors, and then blow it with a hair dryer to let it melt in the box. When you want to use it, you can prepare a lip brush and mix several different colors. It's really easy to use. If there are few colors, discarded contact lens boxes are also a good choice.
Third, smell puffs
In addition to the powder cake that you carry with you, it is recommended to take out the powder puff and put it in a transparent self-sealed bag. When using several kinds of powder cakes with different effects, you can only use one puff and throw it away after a long time to avoid the smell of each puff after it is dirty.
Fourth, the makeup brush is easy to fall off.
Many people just put the makeup brush in the pen container or on the table. You can imagine how much dust will fall on it every day and then brush it on your face. Actually, it's best to put the makeup brush in the brush bag. If you don't have many brushes, you can buy transparent plastic self-sealing bags and put them in the pen container respectively. Cosmetic brushes should be cleaned regularly, and then they can be stored in such transparent brush bags. The plastic texture of the brush bag should be soft to avoid deformation of the brush. Or cover the brush head with a self-made brush cover made of paper boxes, all in order to prevent the brush head from contacting dust.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) is an essential disinfection tool for cleaning cosmetics.
You can prepare some alcohol cotton balls at home, which is very useful: for example, skin care products that are temporarily unused after opening can be disinfected by wiping the bottle mouth to prolong the service life; Disinfect eyeliner. Wiping the roots of used false eyelashes can remove glue residue and disinfect; Before going on a business trip, it is used to sterilize containers and repackage skin care products.
Cosmetic tools are indispensable tools for makeup, but they are inevitably contaminated with dust and bacteria after long use. Attention should be paid when cleaning and maintaining makeup brushes: choosing professional cleaners to clean makeup brushes will not only affect the use effect of makeup tools, but also prolong their service life. Spray the special cleaning liquid for beauty brush on the brush head, wipe it back and forth to complete the cleaning, and move your fingers back and forth to restore the natural fluffy state of the brush head. Don't put it in a damp place (toilet, etc.). ) and keep it ventilated and dry.
Sixth, eyelash curler.
The two rubber eyelash curlers that touch eyelashes are the dirtiest. It is best to wipe it with cotton paper after each use, and wash it with alcohol cotton when it is particularly dirty. If the rubber pad on the eyelash curler is aging, cracked or damaged, it is necessary to replace it with a new rubber pad immediately, otherwise it will pinch off the eyelashes and cause harm to them. [9]
related data
Development situation
Known as the "beautiful economy", the beauty cosmetics market in China has made unprecedented achievements after more than 20 years of rapid development. China cosmetics market is the largest emerging market in the world. In just over 20 years, the cosmetics industry in China has grown from small to large, from weak to strong, from simple and extensive to leading technology and group management, and the whole industry has formed a large and vibrant industrial army.
Since the reform and opening up 30 years ago, the sales of cosmetics market in China have increased by 23.8% annually, reaching 4 1% in the highest year, which is much higher than the average growth rate of the national economy and has considerable development potential. The distribution channels of cosmetics are also undergoing tremendous changes, especially the retail terminals are undergoing unprecedented profound changes. The Twelfth Five-Year Plan has raised consumption to an unprecedented height, and consumption is expected to become the biggest driving force for economic growth. The development and innovation of cosmetics retail industry is promising. Cosmetic channels are diverse, and various retail terminals and the whole circulation channel present various characteristics, all of which have their own corresponding markets and some target customer groups. Different channels also make cosmetics divided into professional lines and daily chemical lines. The daily chemical line channels are those that are constantly developing like traditional sales channels, department stores and cosmetics professional markets. With the development of supermarket chains in recent years, cosmetic terminals in Shang Chao have also shown a rapid development trend, forming one of the main channels of cosmetic retail. With the efforts of supermarket channels, classic domestic brands have once again ushered in their second spring. The rise of franchise chain stores is more prominent in third-and fourth-tier cities, and its market share is increasing. Some cities have even become the mainstream terminal channels for cosmetics sales. In addition, the development of chain enterprises led by manufacturers plays an important role in expanding consumption and promoting the innovation and reform of cosmetics circulation system. With the application of new information technology and the Internet, online sales, represented by online shopping and e-commerce, are surging, and the number of online shopping cosmetics is also developing rapidly, changing and updating people's consumption concepts and consumption patterns. After 70 s and 80 s, especially after 90 s, the speed of online shopping will accelerate. For details, please refer to the special consultation report "Opportunities, Challenges and Coping Strategies of Internet Prospective in China Cosmetics Industry". With the acceleration of social development, people's consumption of cosmetics has moved from supermarkets to online shopping, making skin care and makeup an indispensable topic in life. Exquisite and intuitive makeup shows a person's spiritual accomplishment and is also the embodiment of personal charm. As the leader of professional beauty tools in China, Midea has created the unique charm of a new generation of China women.
Toxicity detection
According to Hygienic Standard for Cosmetics, * * lists 42 1 banned chemicals and more than 300 restricted chemicals in cosmetic ingredients. These substances are highly toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic, or may cause obvious damage to skin and mucosa, or have special biological activities that are not expected in cosmetics. However, there are still some cosmetic formula designers who use prohibited substances or excessive use of restricted substances in their formulas. This paper mainly introduces the toxicity and clinical manifestations of some banned and restricted chemicals.
State supervision
The daily operation of cosmetics companies is carried out under the supervision of government departments such as industrial and commercial administration, quality and technical supervision, health supervision, food and drug. This paper discusses the supervision in the field of product circulation, and other types of supervision are beyond the scope of this paper.
(a) health supervision, food and drug supervision (bureau)
The management of cosmetics in these two departments is based on the same set of laws, mainly the Regulations on Cosmetic Hygiene Supervision issued by the State Council, but the responsibilities of Guangdong, Shanghai and Beijing are implemented by the Food and Drug Administration (bureau).
There are two aspects in implementing the examination and approval system for cosmetics production enterprises in China. First, the establishment of a cosmetics production enterprise needs approval. The supervision department shall examine the factory according to the Hygienic Standard for Cosmetic Production Enterprises, and approve it after passing the examination, and issue a hygiene license. Secondly, special-purpose cosmetics must be approved before they can be produced. "Special-purpose cosmetics refer to cosmetics used for hair growth, hair dyeing, perming, hair removal, breast enhancement, bodybuilding, deodorization, freckle removal and sun protection."
The state has also formulated a number of standards to regulate the production and sales behavior of enterprises after approval. For example, the Hygienic Standard for Cosmetics is used to regulate the ingredients and hygiene of cosmetics. People's Republic of China (PRC) National Standard: Instructions for Consumer Goods General Labels for Cosmetics are used to standardize the packaging labels and instructions for cosmetics.
These two departments are in charge of the cosmetics industry, and their policies and measures directly affect the development of the industry. Their supervision may have the following trends:
1, change the examination and approval system to the filing system, that is, cosmetics and their production enterprises register voluntarily without examination and approval, and the production enterprises are responsible for the safety of products, and some substances are prohibited by the state.
2. Manufacturers must accept the management of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for cosmetics.
3. Modify the label specification, force the disclosure of ingredients, and add warning signs.