When heavy exercise load acts on the body, the initial functional response is stronger and the training effect is more obvious. However, as the body gradually adapts to the training load, the functional response will become lower and lower, and the training effect will become less and less obvious.
In this case, in order to continue to improve the level of exercise, it is necessary to moderately increase the exercise load, thus causing a new round of reaction and adaptation process. This cycle is the basic connotation of overload principle.
Overload principle is the basic principle of sports training, which represents the intensity, duration and frequency of sports. Generally, "moderate intensity" and "high intensity" are used to quantify the intensity of exercise.
More precisely, the overload principle essentially refers to increasing the load step by step, so that people's functional level is gradually improved to the maximum sports potential in the process of constant reaction-adaptation. Overload principle is put forward according to the basic response and adaptation law of human function to exercise load stimulation.