Shaolin kungfu originated from the ancient Songshan Shaolin Temple, hence its name. Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain is located at the foot of Wuru Peak in Shao Shi of Songshan Mountain, Dengfeng County, Henan Province. Founded in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 495). It was built by Emperor Xiaowen to arrange for Bhattara, an Indian monk, to come to Songshan to preach.
After Master Po Tuo presided over Shaolin Temple, scholars from all over the world heard the news and there were hundreds of followers. In this way, a large number of folk martial artists acted as handymen in Shaolin Temple. When Barto presided over Shaolin Temple, some young children who knew martial arts or other skills had been shaved into Shaolin Temple monks. Like monk Huiguang,/kloc-kicked shuttlecock in the well of Tianjie in Luoyang at the age of 0/2. He can kick the shuttlecock 500 times in a row. I was surprised by this, so I shaved him as a young monk and became my apprentice. When the post-monk, a disciple of Batuo, was young, he was weak and was often teased by some young monks who knew martial arts. Later, he worked hard to practice martial arts, and sure enough, he practiced martial arts and was in good health. Master Posto has made great contributions to the establishment of Shaolin Temple, the translation of Buddhist scriptures and the teaching of Buddhism. It is also recorded in Shaolin Boxing that Posto taught convenient shovels and broadswords all the way.
According to legend, in the third year of Xiaoming Xiaochang in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 527), Dharma, an Indian monk, came to Songshan Shaolin Temple to talk about Zen. He sat quietly for nine years to cultivate his mind and cultivate his nature. He is revered as the ancestor of Zen in China. Dharma sat still all day, exhausted. In addition, he has to guard against wild animals and cold and heat in the deep mountains and forests. When he preached the scriptures, he found that many disciples had been meditating for a long time, sleepy and depressed. In order to get rid of fatigue, prevent animals, keep fit and protect monasteries, Dharma and others imitated the movements of working people in ancient China, and compiled a "living method" for fitness activities to teach monks, which is the embryonic form of "Shaolin Boxing". In addition, in his spare time, Dharma practiced several instruments to protect himself from theft with shovels, sticks, swords and clubs, which were later called Dharma shovels, sticks and swords. Later, he absorbed the soaring posture of birds, animals, insects and fish, developed the "living method", and created a set of arhat eighteen hands combining static and dynamic. Later, after long-term practice, synthesis, enrichment and improvement by monks of past dynasties, a set of boxing methods was gradually formed, reaching more than 100, which was collectively called "Shaolin Boxing" in martial arts. Among them, Bai Yufeng, Jue Yuan, Li Chui and others, who played an important role in Shaolin Boxing in the Yuan Dynasty, studied Shaolin Boxing seriously, paid attention to the arrangement and teaching of boxing, and developed the "Luohan Eighteen Hands" in Shaolin Boxing into seventy-two hands, and then to one hundred and seventy-three hands, which was the first time to systematically sort out a set of Shaolin Boxing.
At the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, the abbot of Shaolin Temple selected strong, brave and dexterous monks or organized special teams to protect the safety of the temple. At first, their task was to protect the temple. Later, monks took part in political activities, raised monks and soldiers in the temple and formed monks. The objective situation requires Wushu to develop into superb attack and skills, and it has started organized and strict training of monks and soldiers and practiced sticks. Every morning at sunrise, monks get up together in the branch, and practice for three or nine days in winter and three days in summer. Over the years, they have been practicing martial arts diligently, which has played a great role in the development and improvement of Shaolin Wushu. Many cultural relics of Shaolin Temple have witnessed the origin of Shaolin Boxing, especially the mural of Shaolin Boxing Spectrum in the White House, which depicts the real scene of Shaolin Temple monks practicing boxing and martial arts in those years: a magnificent temple decorated with colorful lights, 30 strong monks in short dresses, divided into 15 pairs, practicing Shaolin Boxing, punching and kicking, lifelike. In addition to the boxing score, there are murals of monks practicing instruments and swinging sticks in the hall, and the "Hammer Score" of Shaolin martial arts on the north and south walls, which highlights the posture of two monks fighting and high-fiving. The Thousand-Buddha Hall used to be the training room of Shaolin Temple, with 48 Buddhist "pillars" on the ground floor. I saw two rows of pot-bottom-shaped round pits with a diameter of about 40 to 50 cm left on the brick floor, with a spacing of about 2.5 meters. It is said that it is a skill painstakingly learned by monks and stepped on it with their feet. It reflects the real history of ancient Shaolin monks practicing Shaolin Kung Fu.
Many monks in Shaolin Temple were proficient in martial arts before becoming monks. Many people with high martial arts are dissatisfied with the feudal system, see through the world of mortals, cut their hair and become monks and become the backbone of the ranks of monks and soldiers. Shaolin Temple often invites Wulin experts to teach boxing and cudgel to develop Shaolin Kung Fu. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the monk Fu Ju invited 18 famous martial artists to practice in Shaolin Temple for three years, and their strength was included in Shaolin Boxing. Yu, a famous anti-Japanese scholar in the Ming Dynasty, also went to Shaolin Temple to teach stick skills, so Shaolin Temple actually became a famous martial arts place, with a gathering of talents. After absorbing the advantages of various martial arts, Shaolin Temple has gradually developed into a martial arts school with many routines, including Touma, foot fighting, qigong, unarmed and various instruments. Later disciples combined the inherent essence of Chinese martial arts and developed it into Shaolin Kung Fu, which is well-known at home and abroad.
Shaolin Wushu is famous all over the world, which began at the end of Sui Dynasty. Thirteen eminent monks, such as Tan Zong, Cao Zhi and Hui Tang, were highly skilled. At the invitation of Li Shimin, the king of Qin, they took part in the crusade against the king. Make a good start, rescue and defeat Wang, and capture Wang Renze alive. After Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, he gave Shaolin Temple monks a large amount of Zhuang Tian Yin, expanded Shaolin Temple, and allowed Shaolin Temple to set up a team of monks and soldiers. Tan Zong was made a general, and the others "discussed it when in danger, and the matter will be restored to the monk." Shaolin kungfu has withstood the test of actual combat and its boxing has been further developed. From then on, it became famous in World War I and created a new era of Shaolin Kung Fu. In its heyday, Shaolin Temple occupied 10000 mu, 14 halls and 5,000 houses. The number of monks in the temple has increased to more than 2,000, including more than 500 monks with high martial arts. Legend has it that Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty, and Yue Fei, a national hero, also knew the true story of Shaolin. Zhao Kuangyin loved boxing, and handed down Mao's long fist. He once hid the boxing score in Shaolin Temple. The ancient book "The Essence of Shaolin Boxing" said that Yue Fei's divine power came from a monk, and the heroic skills given to Yue Fei by the monk were outstanding in the battle with Jin Weiguo. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a monk who hung his seal three times on the Shaolin Temple Hill. In recognition of his achievements, the imperial court erected flagpoles and stone lions in front of Shaolin Temple.
Shaolin's martial spirit is immortal. Many heroes in the past dynasties have practiced a set of fighting skills, and many touching stories have emerged in self-defense against the enemy. During Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, the Japanese invaded the southeast coast of China. More than 30 monks from Shaolin Temple led by Yuekong were called together and organized a team of monks and soldiers to go to the front line of Songjiang to resist the Japanese attack. In the battle, everyone bravely took the lead and killed many enemies with iron bars. Later, because they were outnumbered, more than 30 patriotic monks, including Yuekong, all sacrificed heroically and gave their lives, writing a glorious chapter for Shaolin Temple with their blood and lives. Now there are still records of patriotic monks and soldiers fighting in the stone carvings of the forest of steles in Shaolin Temple and Tallinn.
In addition to Songshan Shaolin Temple, it is said that Shaolin Temple has established more than a dozen branches all over the country. In the Ming Dynasty, a Shaolin Temple was established in Jiulianshan, Fujian, and it was also famous for developing Shaolin Boxing. After the Qing and Ming Dynasties, many patriots, dissatisfied with foreign rule, cut their hair and joined Shaolin Temple. A large number of monks made friends with heroes of three mountains and five mountains, founded Buddhist Hong Men, trained and developed Hong Men children, and vigorously advocated anti-Qing restoration. South Shaolin Temple has become the base camp of anti-Qing restoration, and the Hong Men disciple gathering hall shines with the light of Wu Jing's strong soldiers from top to bottom. Later, due to the traitor's informer, the Qing government sent troops to suppress it, and the temple was burned down by the Qing soldiers. Before and after the Revolution of 1911, Shaolin Kungfu was further developed among the people, and there were many martial arts schools all over the country. Many patriots actively studied Shaolin Kung Fu in order to overthrow the Qing Dynasty. At that time, Wushu was often used as a practical means of revolution. Many landlords have set up "broadsword team" and "shuttle standard team" to practice martial arts, and made great achievements in the anti-Qing struggle.
After the founding of New China, the Party and the government attached great importance to the development of Shaolin Wushu. Many provinces and cities have established Wushu associations and Wushu training classes in sports schools to further promote and develop Shaolin Wushu. Shaolin kungfu is deeply admired and loved by people and deeply rooted in people's hearts. Although Shaolin Wushu suffered a devastating blow in ten years' turmoil, after the endless wildfire, the high spring breeze and the smashing of the Gang of Four, Shaolin Kung Fu regained its prestige, and Wushu training classes sprang up like mushrooms after rain, inheriting and developing China's Shaolin Wushu heritage, cultivating a large number of Wushu talents for the country and winning honor for the country in foreign performances and exchanges.
Shaolin kungfu is not created by one person, but embodies the efforts of millions of people. Shaolin Wushu is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation through the development and inheritance of countless China Wushu masters in the long years.
Shaolin was originally divided into five schools: Henan (Songshan) Shaolin, Fujian Shaolin, Guangdong Shaolin, Emei Shaolin and Wudang Shaolin. Each school is divided into many primary schools and small factions, and there are countless small factions. Geographically, it can be divided into two schools: north shaolin and South Shaolin. 1, boxing
Source is the source of martial arts. Shaolin Boxing includes Luohan Boxing, Xiaohong Boxing, Dahong Boxing, Lao Hong Boxing, Shaolin Five Boxing, Wu Jian Boxing, Zhaoyang Boxing, Serial Boxing, Kung Fu Boxing, Tan Leg Boxing, Meat Boxing, Liuhe Boxing, Round Kung Fu Boxing, Internal Skill Boxing, Taizu Long Boxing, Firecracker Boxing, Lie Boxing, Shaolin Boxing, Plum Blossom Boxing, Tongbei Boxing and Tide Watching Boxing.
There are three kinds of boxing methods in duet: three punches, biting punches, opening punches, ear punches, kicking punches, walking punches, fifteen-mile Heng Pao, twenty-four cannons, Shaolin boxing, one hundred and eight punches, flower boxing duet, bumping legs and so on.
Shaolin school boxing is vigorous, flexible and unpretentious, which is conducive to actual combat and does not show off when fighting or defending the situation. When practicing Shaolin boxing, it is not limited by the venue, and it is called "the place where cattle lie". Its style is mainly reflected in the word "hard", which has both offensive and defensive, and is mainly offensive. Boxing potential does not emphasize the beauty of appearance, but only seeks the practicality of technical attack. The footwork is flexible and agile, and it is said that punching is a line. In terms of figure and punching, it is required to bend but not bend, straight but not straight, advance and retreat freely, and do whatever you want. The footwork should be firm and flexible, the eye method should pay attention to the visual purpose, and luck should override everything. It moves like lightning, turns like a wheel, stands like a nail and jumps like a light fly. Shaolin boxing is divided into two factions, with heavy punches in the south and heavy legs in the north, and each faction is divided into many small factions.
2. Insist.
Shaolin Sect sticks include ape stick, wind fire stick, eyebrow piercing stick, big stick, flag gate stick, little witch stick, big witch stick, Shaolin stick, small plum blossom stick, Yunyang stick, mountain-breaking stick, yin hand stick, yang hand stick and five tigers sheep-catching stick.
There are row sticks, shuttle sticks, six-way sticks, twelve-way broken sticks and so on.
Hit a large area with a stick and sweep the whole body. The stick is lively, lively, dense, fast and brave when practiced. It can not only keep fit, but also defeat the enemy. Shaolin sticks have played an important role in resisting the enemy and aggression in past dynasties.
3. Gun technology
Gun is the king of ancient weapons. The gun skills of Shaolin schools include Shaolin gun, Five Tiger gun, Night War gun, ladle gun, door-blocking gun, Jinhua double-tongued gun, Dan-blocking gun, thirteen gun, eighteen gun, twenty-one gun, twenty-four gun, twenty-seven gun, thirty-one gun, thirty-six gun, forty-eight gun, eighty-four gun, six gun, ten gun racks, six-way fireworks and secret gun spectrum.
Gun-to-gun, pistol-to-pistol, war gun, double-knife gun-to-gun, liuhe gun, 36 guns broke the law, 21 guns stabbed people.
There is a poem in Shaolin marksmanship: "The posture is as beautiful as a cat, the spear is like a fighting tiger, the spear is like a thread, the arrow is like an arrow, the gun is like a tiger, the mountain is like a horse, the gun is like a tiger, the gun is like a dragon, the eyes are high and the posture is natural, blocking, taking, clanging, hitting, collapsing, picking and poking. All kinds of usage are mysterious.
4. Knife
Knife is one of the important weapons in the past dynasties, among which broadsword is known as "the handsome in many battles". "Knife is like a tiger, gun is like a dragon", and every move and style of sabre drill must be powerful.
Shaolin knives include Spring and Autumn broadsword, Plum Blossom Knife, Shaolin Single Knife, Shaolin Double Knife, Brave Knife, Longitudinal Sword, Snowflake Knife, Furnace Lift Knife, Moon Embracing Knife, Mountain Ripping Knife, Shaolin No.1 Broadsword, No.2 Broadsword, Liuhe Single Knife, Mountain Ripping Knife, Six-way Double Knife, Eight-way Double Knife, Taizu Wolong Knife, Mamen Single Knife, Swallow Single Knife, Plum Double Knife,
There are knife to knife, two in one, one in one, one in one, one in one, and so on. The use characteristics of the knife are baotou, baonao, sweeping, cloud thorn, bracket thorn and so on. And it is said that the single knife looks at the hand, the double knife looks at the hand, and the broadsword looks at the top hand, splitting, licking, splitting and stabbing like a tiger.
5. Fencing
Swordsmanship is vigorous, graceful and unconstrained, which has been passed down since ancient times.
Shaolin swordsmanship includes Dharma Sword, Qian Kunjian, Chain Sword, Taiyi Sword, Two Tang Sword, Five Tang Sword, Dragon Sword, Dragon Flying Sword, White Ape Sword, Won Robe Sword, Liu Xuande Double Sword, Qingfeng Sword, Dragon Sword and Wulin Double Sword.
There are two swords, five swords stab back, Shaolin sword stab back and so on. Sword tactic: "The sword is a dragon sword. You should walk with a sword, keep your eyes on the tip of the sword, keep your feet steady, keep your posture natural, walk like a swallow, fall like the wind, put it away like tidbits, and stab it like a steel nail. "
6. Other weapons and equipment
Shaolin martial arts instruments are long, short, hard, soft, sharp, barbed, hooked and edged, and there are many kinds. There were eighteen kinds of weapons in ancient times, which were hard to count. In addition to the above-mentioned knives, guns, swords and sticks, there are also three forks (also called big palladium in the south), convenient shovels, three-ring sets, Emei thorns, crescent shovel, halberds, Xiuquan, Tian Fang painted halberds, double hammers, big axes, double axes, three-section sticks, sharp sticks, seven-section whips, nine-section whips, Shuang Bian and whips.
7. Equipment sparring and equipment boxing sparring routines
Grab a knife with bare hands, grab a gun with bare hands, single-knife against a gun, grab a dagger with bare hands, stick into a gun, stick combined with a sickle, gun combined with a knife, double-knife against a gun, eyebrow stick combined with a gun, single crutch against a gun, crutch against a broken gun, eyebrow stick abduction, hook a tiger's head, stab a horse's teeth, gun combined with a turtle ring, set a three-ring gun, and shovel the gun conveniently.
8. Fighting Sanda
The martial arts of Shaolin Sect are: moving handle, thinking handle, tiger pounce handle, Youlong flying step, Feng Dan facing the sun, crossing handle, old man holding gourd, fairy picking eggplant, stealing peach from the bottom of leaves, cutting melon after the head, Hei Hu stealing heart, old monkey moving branches, gold thread winding, iron fan answering the door, stepping gun and kid holding gun.
9. Qigong
Qigong is a major category of Shaolin Kungfu. The qigong circulated in Shaolin Temple includes Yijinjing, small martial arts, nailing, life-prolonging Yin-Yang method and mixed Yuan-Yi qigong.
10, hard and soft kung fu
There are many training methods of hard and soft kungfu, such as bone unloading, snatch, acupoint secret method, bunt technique, various medication methods and treatment methods.