At first, the basketball game was relatively simple, and there were no restrictions on the size of the venue and the number of participants. The players in the game are divided into two equal teams, standing at the two ends of the court. After the referee threw the ball into the center of the court, the players from both sides immediately rushed into the court to grab the ball and tried to throw it into the opponent's basket. Because the peach basket has a bottom, the ball stays in the basket after being hit, and people have to climb a special ladder to take the ball out of the basket.
With the continuous improvement of venue facilities, the bottom of the basket was cancelled, the peach basket was replaced by an iron ring, and the backboard made of wood was replaced by a wire fence. The center line, middle circle and free throw line were added to the venue, and the game started from the middle jump ball. At the same time, the players on the field are usually changed to 5 players per team, with positions such as defender, defender, center, striker and staying behind. In addition, naismith has also formulated the imperfect competition rules with *** 13 clause, which stipulates that it is forbidden to run, hug, push, trip and hit people with the ball. This greatly improved the interest of basketball games, attracted more people to participate in this sport, and made basketball spread quickly throughout the United States.
1892, basketball was first introduced to Mexico from the United States and soon spread all over Mexico. In this way, Mexico became the first country outside the United States to develop basketball. Since then, this sport has spread to France, Britain, China, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, Australia, Lebanon and other countries, and has been developed, popularized and developed all over the world.
From 65438 to 0896, American Bob Gayle introduced basketball to China, and it was first played in YMCA in Tianjin, Beijing and other cities. 19 10, basketball was listed as a performance item for the first time in the first national sports meeting in old China. 19 13, basketball was listed as an official competition in China. Basketball has been an official event of the Asian Games since 195 1.
The International Amateur Basketball Federation was founded in 1932, and men's basketball was recognized as an official Olympic event by the International Olympic Committee. From 65438 to 0946, the professional basketball league appeared in the United States and developed into the current NBA.
Women's basketball didn't develop until the early 20th century. From 65438 to 0976, women's basketball was listed as an official Olympic event.
The standard court of basketball match is 26 meters long and 14 meters wide. There should be no obstacles at least 2 meters outside the four boundaries. If it is indoor, the ceiling height should be at least 7 meters. The court is divided into center line, frontcourt and backcourt. The radius of the middle circle on the center line of frontcourt and backcourt and the two semicircles on the penalty line are1.80m.. The rectangle under the iron ring is a restricted area, usually called the restricted area. The area outside the arch arc in the front and back court is called the 3-point shooting area, and the shooting outside the arch arc scores 3 points.
There are 93 complicated rules in the basketball game. Here are some rules that you are not familiar with:
1.3 second rule: when a team is in possession of the ball, the players of the same team should not stay in the opponent's penalty area for more than 3 seconds. If a foul ball is thrown during the game or after possession, as long as the player on the same side stays in the opponent's restricted area for more than 3 seconds, the referee will immediately whistle for 3 seconds.
2.5-second rule: When the player with the ball is closely guarded and fails to pass, throw, roll or dribble within 5 seconds, a foul will also be declared. The ball was fouled in the past five seconds, and now the opposing team is throwing a foul ball nearby.
3. 10 second rule: A team must push the ball to the frontcourt within 10 second from the control of the ball in the backcourt, otherwise it will be awarded 10 second, and the other team will throw an out-of-bounds ball.
4.30-second rule: After a team controls the ball on the court, it must make a shot within 30 seconds, otherwise it will be punished for 30 seconds. In the past, if the ball was thrown out of bounds within 30 seconds, 30 seconds would be recalculated. Now, instead of recalculating 30 seconds after throwing an out-of-bounds ball from the sideline, you must shoot within the remaining 30 seconds, otherwise it will still be judged as a 30-second violation and the opponent throws an out-of-bounds ball.
5. Seven-time foul rule and one-time-plus-one-team free throw rule: In the middle of the game, the number of individual fouls and technical fouls of a team accumulated to 7 times. After that, any player who commits a personal or technical foul will execute the one plus one free throw rule and be sentenced to a free throw by the infringed opponent. If the free throw is successful, the player will add another free throw; If you miss the first free throw, the game should continue, and there will be no more free throws. If the free throw doesn't touch the basket, it's a foul, and the opponent throws a foul ball on the sideline. A brief description of the main terms of basketball;
(1) Dunk: The athlete holds the ball with one hand or both hands, jumps in the air, and directly pours the ball into the basket from top to bottom.
(2) Make-up: When the shot is missed, the athlete jumps in the air to make up the ball in the basket.
(3) Blocking: The attacker blocks the defender behind him with footwork. This footwork is called blocking.
(4) Catch the ball: move along the passing flight direction to facilitate catching the ball.
(5) Dislocation defense: The defender stands next to the attacker he defends and prevents him from catching the ball, which is called dislocation defense.
(6) Important position: The attacker blocks the defender behind him with his body and occupies a favorable position to catch the ball.
(7) Breakthrough: Break through the defender with the ball.
(8) Empty cut: The attacker ran to the basket empty-handed.
(9) One pass: The receiver passes the ball 1 time from defense to attack.
(10) Blocking: When the attacker shoots, the defender tries to hit the ball out of the air.
(1 1) Make-up: When 1 defender loses his correct defensive position, another defender takes his correct defensive position in time.
(12) assist in defense: assist in defending peers.
(13) Press defense: Keep close to the attacker, and constantly threaten the opponent's ball control safety or prevent the opponent from receiving the ball with offensive and defensive actions.
(14) Oblique insertion: Run diagonally from the sideline to the basket or the center of the field.
(15) Time difference: When shooting, in order to avoid the cover of the opponent's defense, the air block is used to change the shooting time.