1, to change the lifestyle, we must first control the diet, limit the total energy intake to 1000- 1500kcal/ day, and reduce the fat intake, which should account for 25%-35% of the total energy, and the diet is rich in fruits, vegetables and dietary fiber; Lean meat and vegetable protein are used as sources of protein. There should be enough high-quality protein in the diet to lose weight. In addition to the necessary nutrition, it is also necessary to supplement the necessary vitamins, minerals and adequate water.
2. Exercise. During exercise, the utilization of fatty acids and glucose in muscle tissue is greatly increased, so that excess sugar can only be used for energy supply, but not converted into fat storage. At the same time, with the increase of energy consumption, the stored adipose tissue is "mobilized" to burn for energy, and the adipose cells in the body shrink, thus reducing the formation and accumulation of fat. This can achieve the purpose of losing weight.
3. medication. At present, there are two kinds of drugs commonly used to treat obesity: one is appetite suppressants acting on the central nervous system: these drugs, also known as anorexics, reduce the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine by affecting the activity of neurotransmitters, thus reducing food intake, suppressing appetite and improving basal metabolic rate to lose weight.
4, surgical treatment, diet control, exercise therapy or drug therapy, sometimes can not achieve the ideal weight loss effect. Surgical treatment is the only way to make obese patients get long-term and stable weight loss effect. Gastrointestinal surgery can not only lose weight, but also improve or even cure obesity-related metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes, treat severe obesity, and prevent, slow down or even prevent the occurrence and development of obesity complications.
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According to the distribution of fat in different parts of the body, obesity can be divided into abdominal obesity and hip obesity. Abdominal obesity is also called centripetal obesity (clinical standard name is central obesity), male obesity, visceral obesity and apple obesity. This kind of body fat is mainly deposited in the subcutaneous and abdominal cavity of the abdomen, while the limbs are relatively thin.
Fat in hip obesity is mainly deposited in hip and leg, which is also called non-centripetal obesity, female obesity or pear-shaped obesity. The risk of complications of abdominal obesity is much greater than that of hip obesity. In addition, according to the age of onset, obesity can be divided into childhood onset, adolescence onset and adulthood onset.
References:
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