1, real estate: real estate refers to land property, which is the economic form of land, that is, under a certain land ownership relationship, land is regarded as property.

2. Mao Di: Mao Di mainly refers to the land that needs to be demolished but has not been demolished in the city.

3. Undeveloped land: Undeveloped land refers to undeveloped agricultural land and wasteland that can be used for real estate development and routine activities.

4. Enclave: also known as flower planting land, it means that part or all of the land of the land owner or user is within the land of others.

5. Land speculation: land use rights obtained through resale. On the premise of legal minimum development investment. Foreign real estate management Chinese-foreign joint ventures, cooperative enterprises and wholly foreign-owned enterprises occupy, use or operate real estate in China. Generally speaking, land drying refers to the behavior of land speculators to buy land (that is, land use rights) until the land price reaches the expected price to make profits in order to obtain high profits from hoarding land. The latter is short-term reselling.

6. Digging the roof: It usually means that the tenants of the rented house will use the decoration that is not easy to disassemble and the furniture that is inconvenient to take away when moving and withdrawing the rent.

7. Not for sale: refers to the transfer of ownership of the subject matter for some reason after the expiration of the term of the house. Generally, it refers to pawns that are not redeemed at maturity, 10 or sold after 30 years overdue. For the pawn relationship with the condition that it is not allowed to buy or sell, if both parties agree to redeem it, redemption is allowed.

8. Primary market: The primary market of real estate refers to the buying and selling market of new houses, and the main players of the market are residential developers, builders and residents. Residents purchase housing property rights through the primary market, so that housing property rights are first confirmed by law.

9. Secondary market: The secondary market refers to the trading market such as the sale and lease of private housing rights. The main body of the market is the owner of the house property right and the consumer of the house. At present, there is also a three-level real estate market, generally referring to the real estate rental market. Strictly speaking, it belongs to the concept of real estate secondary market.

10, CBD: Central Business District. Many international metropolises have formed considerable CBD, such as Manhattan in new york, Shinjuku in Tokyo and Central in Hong Kong. Now the CBD in Beijing is determined to start from Dongdaqiao Road in the west, Dawang Road in the east, Tonghui River in the south and Chaoyang North Road in the north. CBD should have the following characteristics: modern city business center, gathering many world-famous enterprises, highly concentrated economy, finance and commerce, many best office buildings, business hotels and entertainment centers, the most perfect and convenient transportation, the fastest communication and expensive land price.

1 1, Five Certificates: Real estate developers should have a construction land planning permit, a construction project planning permit, a building construction permit, a state-owned land use permit, and a commercial housing pre-sale permit, referred to as "Five Certificates". The first two certificates are issued by the Municipal Planning Commission, the construction permit is issued by the Municipal Construction Committee, and the state-owned land use certificate and the pre-sale permit of commercial housing are issued by the Municipal Bureau of Land Resources and Housing Management. Ordinary property buyers can't remember the name and issuing authority of the "five certificates", but they don't have to remember so much. Buying a house only needs to look at the "two certificates" of State-owned Land Use Certificate and Pre-sale Permit. Because the developer can't get the state-owned land use permit without obtaining the construction land planning permit and the construction project planning permit, and can't get the pre-sale permit without obtaining the above two planning permits and construction permits. When the developer obtains the pre-sale permit, it can prove that the project has passed the government's approval in planning, engineering and land use, and has the qualification to enter the market for commercial housing development. According to the relevant laws and regulations on commercial housing transactions in Beijing, developers can only sign formal pre-sale contracts with customers if they obtain pre-sale permits. I would like to remind property buyers that before signing the contract, they should see clearly whether the house they bought in advance is within the pre-sale scope, and beware of developers' "stealing the column".

12. Property right certificate: Property right certificate refers to the Property Ownership Certificate and the Land Use Right Certificate. Housing property certificate includes: property right category and property right proportion. Location and address, source of property rights, building structure, number of rooms, building area, interior area, minutes of other rights, supplementary explanation of the property, and the floor plan of the household registration book of the property survey department is provided.

13. house property right: house property right refers to the rights enjoyed by the owner of the house according to the national laws, that is, the sum of all the rights and interests of the house, that is, the owner's right to possess, use, benefit and dispose of the house property.

14. Right-to-use houses: Right-to-use houses refer to houses invested and built by the state and state-owned enterprises and institutions, and rented by the government to residents according to the prescribed rent standards.

15. public houses: public houses are also called public houses and state-owned houses. Refers to the houses built and sold by the state and state-owned enterprises and institutions. Before the house is sold, the property right of the house (ownership, possession, disposition and income right) belongs to the state. At present, public houses rented by residents are divided into two categories according to the housing reform policy: one is saleable public houses, and the other is unsold public houses. The above two types of houses are right-to-use houses. 16. Non-saleable public houses: Non-saleable public houses refer to public houses that cannot be sold to tenants according to the current housing reform policy of this Municipality. It mainly includes kitchens, bathroom houses such as old alleyways, new alleyways, staff houses, and some apartments, garden houses and other complete sets of houses.

17. Purchased public houses: Purchased public houses, also known as after-sale public houses, are purchased public houses.

18, unit property right house: unit property right house refers to the house whose property right belongs to the unit, also called system property right house and system house.

19, Low-rent housing: Low-rent housing is the first concept put forward in the new housing reform policy of the country. Low-rent housing in China is only rented but not sold, and it is rented to the lowest income among urban residents. The source of low-rent housing is mainly retired old public houses.

20. Private house: Private house is also called private house and private property house. It is a house purchased and built by an individual or family. In rural areas, farmers' houses are basically self-built private houses. Public housing is sold to individuals and families through the residential consumer market, and the residential consumer market is also transformed into private housing.

2 1, Anjufang: Anjufang refers to the housing (which belongs to the category of affordable housing) built by the state's "project of settling down (or comfortable living)". It is a non-profit housing that is built by the party and the state to arrange loans and local self-raised funds for the majority of low-and middle-income families, especially poor households below 4 square meters. The sales price is lower than the cost and subsidized by the government.

22. Affordable housing: Affordable housing refers to commercial housing with social security nature. It is an ordinary house built by the state to solve the housing problem of low-income families, and it has the characteristics of economy and application. Economy means that the house price is moderate relative to the market price and can adapt to the affordability of low-and middle-income families; Applicability refers to emphasizing the use effect of houses in house design and building standards, rather than lowering building standards. This kind of house is also called economical and practical house, because it reduces part of the cost of project construction, including all land transfer fees, reduces the cost of large-scale municipal facilities by 50%, and gives priority to obtaining bank credit. Its cost is slightly lower than that of ordinary commercial housing. At present, the fixed profit rate stipulated in China is set at 3%.

23. Raising funds to build houses: it refers to a way to change the system that housing construction is all-inclusive by the state and units, and implement the joint responsibility of the government, units and individuals to raise funds for housing construction. Individual workers can contribute in full or in part according to the house price, and the government and relevant departments will give some relief in land use, credit, building materials supply, taxes and fees.

24. Self-managed public houses by units under ownership by the whole people refer to houses directly managed by units under ownership by the whole people.

25. Self-managed public houses by collective units: refers to houses owned by collective ownership units and managed by themselves.

26. Second-hand housing: Second-hand housing is an old house. The first transaction of newly-built commercial housing is "once" and the second transaction is "twice". Some people don't have a house, so they can buy one more for others; Others who have some savings and live in small houses can sell their old houses and buy new ones; And those families with surplus housing can also sell surplus housing in exchange for income.

27. Auction house: Auction house refers to the period from the time when the developer obtains the pre-sale permit of commercial housing to the time when he obtains the property right certificate. During this period, the commercial housing is called+auction, and consumers should sign a pre-sale contract when purchasing commercial housing at this stage. The auction house in Hong Kong and Macao is called "uncompleted residential flats", which is a common way for real estate developers to sell houses. Buying an auction house means that the buyer is buying a real estate project that is still under construction. In Chengdu, the usual understanding of auction is that houses that have not been built can't be occupied.

28. Xianfang: The so-called Xianfang refers to the commercial housing for which the developer has completed the property ownership certificate (large property certificate), and consumers should sign a sales contract when purchasing commercial housing at this stage. In Chengdu, an existing house usually refers to a house where the project has been completed and can be moved in.

29. Export-oriented housing: Export-oriented commercial housing refers to the housing built by real estate development enterprises and obtained the pre-sale (sales) license for export-oriented commercial housing. Export-oriented commercial housing can be sold to enterprises, other organizations and individuals at home and abroad (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan).

30. Domestic housing: Domestic commercial housing is built by real estate development enterprises, and houses with commercial housing sales licenses can be sold to local enterprises, institutions and residents.

3 1. Quasi-existing house: Quasi-existing house refers to the house whose main body has been basically capped, the general outline of buildings and facilities in the community has begun to appear, important factors such as room type and building spacing have been clearly understood, and the project is in the stage of interior and exterior wall decoration and supporting construction.

32. Property belongs to * * * and * * *: It means that two or more people have equal ownership of the property owned by * * * regardless of share.

33. Affordable housing: Affordable housing is the housing provided to most low-and middle-income families at the cost price plus 3% management fee. The cost consists of seven factors: compensation for land acquisition and demolition, survey and preliminary works, construction and installation works, infrastructure construction of residential quarters, management fees, loan interest and taxes.

34.* * * Joint property: refers to the ownership of the same property jointly owned by two or more people.

35. Tail building: Tail building is also called mop-up building. It is the product of the real estate industry entering the retail era, and it is one of the vacant houses. Under normal circumstances, when the sales volume of commercial housing reaches 80%, it generally enters the liquidation sales stage of real estate projects. The properties sold at this time are generally called weifang. After normal sales, developers left a small number of uncompetitive houses, either with poor orientation and insufficient lighting, or with poor floors, located on two floors, most of which have no small gardens and are seriously sheltered.

36. Unfinished housing: Unfinished housing refers to those overstocked properties that are vacant in a large area due to insufficient funds of developers, blind launching or misjudgment of supply and demand situation, and cannot recover the initial investment, carry out subsequent construction or even completely stagnate. The "unfinished" situation generally does not occur when the real estate is launched for sale, but gradually emerges with the continuous advancement of the project.

37. Urban residential areas: generally referred to as residential areas, urban residential areas generally refer to residential areas with different population sizes and residential areas surrounded by urban main roads or natural boundaries, and are equipped with supporting public service facilities that can meet the material and cultural needs of residents in the region corresponding to the population size of 30,000-50,000.

38. Residential quarter: A residential quarter, commonly known as residential quarter, is surrounded by roads or natural boundaries at the residential level, corresponding to the population size of 7000 ~ 15000, and equipped with a set of public service facilities that can meet the basic material and cultural needs of residents in this area.

39. Residential groups: Generally called groups, residential groups refer to residential and living communities generally separated by residential roads, corresponding to the population size of1000 ~ 3,000, and equipped with basic public service facilities required by residents.

40. Infrastructure: Infrastructure refers to public service facilities, roads and public green spaces built according to the scale of residence or population.

4 1, public activity center: public activity center is a relatively concentrated residential center, community center and group center supporting public buildings.

42. Serviced apartment: The concept of serviced apartment started from 1994, which means "serviced service, serviced apartment management" and has a high market position. Serviced apartment is a rare property type in Beijing at present. It integrates the functions of residence, hotel and clubhouse, and has two major functions: self-use and investment. Compared with traditional hotels, serviced apartments are not inferior in hardware facilities, but the service is better. The so-called serviced apartment refers to an apartment that provides service-oriented management services. In addition to providing various services of traditional hotels, it is more important to provide guests with family-style living arrangements and family-style services, so that guests can truly feel at home. Its biggest feature is that it is more home-like than traditional hotels. Because it absorbs the advantages of traditional hotels and traditional apartments, it is favored by business people. The essential difference between serviced apartments and traditional hotels is that each unit can be sold to individual buyers. Because the property owners live or entrust the hotel property management company to rent, it is essentially a private property hotel.

Architectural knowledge:

43. Architectural sketch: Architectural sketch refers to small buildings, entertainment and decoration facilities, indicative signs, etc. , which has both functional requirements and decorative and beautification functions, is subordinate to a certain architectural space environment.

44. Construction area: The construction area of a house refers to the horizontal area of the space surrounded by the external wall of the building. If the construction area of multi-storey and high-rise residential buildings is calculated, it is the sum of the construction areas of each floor. The construction area includes the usable area of the house, the area of wall columns, the area of stairs and walkways, and other common areas.

45. usable area: the usable area of a house refers to the sum of the net area directly used by residents of all floors of the house. Calculating the usable floor area of a house can directly reflect the usage of the house, but it is generally not necessary to use the usable floor area to calculate the price in the sale of the house. There are some special regulations when calculating the usable area: the indoor stairs of duplex houses are included in the usable area according to the total area of natural floors; Chimneys, ventilation pipes and pipe wells that are not included in the structural area are included in the use area; Interior wall decoration thickness is included in the usable area. Residential rent is calculated on the basis of usable area.

46. Public area: The public area of residential buildings refers to the total area occupied by public corridors, stairs, elevator rooms and water tanks in residential buildings for residents' convenient access, normal communication and living security. The construction area calculated by developers when selling commercial housing has the problem of sharing public area.

47. Interior area: it is the balance of "building area" after deducting the apportioned area.

48. Living area: The living area of a house refers to the sum of the net living area of each floor of a residential building directly used by residents. The so-called net area is the horizontal area (that is, the structural area) occupied by building components such as walls and columns. Area index generally used to measure living standards.

49. Rental area: the area for which rent is calculated. In the reform of housing system, it is uniformly stipulated that houses are calculated according to the use area, including living room, living room, bathroom, kitchen, aisle, stairs, balcony (semi-closed) and closet. Non-residential buildings are calculated according to the construction area.

50. Floor area ratio: Floor area ratio is the ratio of total construction area to construction land area. For example, on the land of 654.38 million square meters, the total construction area is 4,000 square meters, and its plot ratio is 0.4.

5 1. room acquisition rate: the room acquisition rate refers to the ratio of the building area in the suite to the area of the suite (unit) construction team. Interior construction area = interior usable area+interior wall area+balcony construction area. Suite (unit) construction area = indoor construction team area+shared area of public construction team.

52. Studio: In residential design, the width of the house refers to the actual distance between one wall skin and the other wall skin in the house. Because it is based on the width of a natural room, it is also called a studio. Generally speaking, the residential bay is not more than 3.0 meters.

53. Depth: In architecture, it refers to the actual length of a detached house or residential building from the front wall to the back wall. A house with large depth can effectively save land, but in order to ensure that the completed house can have good natural lighting and ventilation conditions, there are certain requirements on the depth of the house in design, which should not be too large. At present, the depth of a large number of urban residential rooms in China is generally limited to about 5 meters and cannot be expanded at will.

54. Indoor area: commonly known as "floor tile area". It is a concept of content space on the basis of practical area, after deducting the buildings that occupy space such as columns and walls. There are rules to follow, but also profitable, attracting residents and institutions to invest in the housing rental market.

55. Apportioned area: The shared public building area of commercial housing is mainly composed of 1 building area, elevator shaft, stairwell, garbage chute, power distribution room, equipment room, public hall, aisle (functionally serving the whole building) building area and management building area; 2. The distance between each unit and the horizontal projection area of public building space and external walls (including gables) is 50%.

56. Completed area: The completed area refers to the sum of the construction areas of completed houses. Housing construction should be completed according to the design requirements and accepted.

57. Auxiliary area: Auxiliary area refers to the net indoor area in each floor of residential buildings that is not directly used for residents' life. Including aisles, kitchens, bathrooms, bathrooms, living rooms, storage rooms, etc.

58.* * * Building area: The house refers to the building area jointly occupied or used by all property owners.

59.* * * Self-owned building area allocation coefficient: the ratio of the * * * self-owned building area of the whole building to the sum of the building area in the whole building suite is the * * * self-owned building area allocation coefficient.

60. Sales area: The sales area refers to the sales of commercial houses by "units", and its sales area is the sum of the interior or interior area purchased by the purchaser (hereinafter referred to as interior area) and the apportioned interior area.

6 1. Building density: Building density refers to the ratio (%) of the total basement area of various buildings to residential land, which can reflect the open space rate and building density within a certain land use range.

62. Greening rate: Greening rate refers to the proportion of the green area within the planned construction land area of the project to the planned construction land area. For property buyers, high greening rate is better.

63. Green space rate: The green space rate describes the sum of all kinds of green spaces within the residential land and the ratio of residential land. The green rate refers to "all kinds of green spaces within the residential land", mainly including public green spaces and green spaces beside houses. Among them, public green space includes block and strip public green space such as residential park, small garden and group green space.

64. Story height: Story height refers to the residential height measured by "floor". The height of each floor has national design requirements, and this height is called the height of the floor. It usually includes the distance from the lower floor or floor to the upper floor.

65. Clear height: Clear height refers to the net residual value of height minus floor thickness.

66. Allocation coefficient of public building area: Divide the public building area of the whole building by the sum of the building areas of the suites of the whole building to get the allocation coefficient of public building area. That is, the allocation coefficient of public building area = sum of public building area/interior building area.

67. Utilization rate: Utilization rate is the ratio of indoor building area to residential area, which is greater than utilization rate. That is, utility rate = interior construction area/interior construction area+shared interior construction area.

68. Standard floor: Standard floor refers to residential floors with the same plane layout.

69. Balcony: Balcony refers to the space for residents to do outdoor activities and dry clothes.

70. Platform: Platform refers to the owner's roof, which is used for outdoor activities of residents or the part extending from the ground floor to the outside of the house.

7 1. Corridor: Corridor refers to the horizontal traffic space used outside the residence.

72. Basement: Basement refers to 1/2 where the floor height below the outdoor ground of the room exceeds the clear height of the room.

73. Semi-basement: A semi-basement refers to a room whose outdoor height below the ground exceeds the clear height of the room 1/3 and does not exceed 1/2.

74. porch: the porch is the first place to enter the room. It is a buffer transition zone. The bedroom is the "territory" of the family, and it pays attention to certain privacy. As soon as the door opened, there was a porch, and outsiders could not see the room. The entrance is usually connected with the hall. Because of the different functions, it needs to be divided by decorative means, that is, when our own people go home, we should also have a place to put umbrellas, hang raincoats, change shoes and put bags. At ordinary times, the porch is also a place to receive emails and simply meet people.

75. Partition: Partition refers to the semi-suspended ceiling facade specially used to separate indoor space.

76. Aisle: Aisle refers to the horizontal traffic space used by residential suites.

77. Residential land: Residential land refers to residential land, public construction land, road land and public green space.

78. Residential land: Residential land refers to the land occupied by the basement of residential buildings and the land with reasonable spacing around it, including the green space between houses and the path between houses.

79. Other land: Other land refers to all kinds of land except residential land within the planning scope, including land for roads, land for other units, reserved natural villages or land that cannot be directly built for local residents.

80. Land for public service facilities: Generally speaking, land for public service facilities refers to land for public construction, which refers to various facilities serving and using residents corresponding to the size of the permanent population, including the construction area of buildings and their affiliated courtyards, green spaces, parking lots, etc.

8 1. Road land: Road land refers to residential roads, residential roads, group roads, residential cars and office commuter car parking spaces built in non-public buildings.

82. Public green space: Public green space refers to recreational green space that meets the specified sunshine requirements and is suitable for arranging recreational facilities for residents to enjoy. It should include residential parks, small parks, group green spaces and other massive green spaces.

83. Road red line: The road red line refers to urban roads? Including the planning control line of residential road land.

84. Building line: The building line is generally called the building control line, which is the control line for the location of the building basement.

85. Public building area: The public building area does not include any areas such as basements and carports rented or sold as independent use space, and basements used for civil air defense projects are not included in the public building area. The general public building area is calculated according to the following method: the total building area of each set (unit) of the whole building is deducted from the whole building area, and the basement, carport, civil air defense works and other building areas that have been sold or rented as independent use space are deducted, which is the public building area of the whole building.

86. Duplex residence: Duplex residence is an economical residence inspired by duplex residence. In the construction of this kind of house, each household still occupies two floors. In fact, an interlayer of 1.2m was added to the higher floor. The total height of the two floors is much lower than that of duplex houses (3.3m for duplex houses and 5.6m for general jumps). The ground floor of a duplex house is used for living, cooking, dining and bathing. The upper floor is used for rest, sleeping and storage. There are many walls in the house. Therefore, duplex housing has the characteristics of saving land, labor, materials and practicality, and is especially suitable for large families with three or four generations living under the same roof, which not only satisfies the relative independence of the next generation, but also achieves the purpose of mutual care.

87. Duplex residence: Duplex residence is a new type of residential building that has been popularized in recent years. The characteristic of this kind of residence is that the interior space draws lessons from the design techniques of two-story single-family houses in Europe and America. The residence covers two floors, and auxiliary rooms such as bedroom, living room, living room, bathroom and kitchen can be arranged in layers. The traffic between the upper and lower floors is connected by small stairs used by users alone, without going through public stairs. The advantage of duplex residence is that each household has two or two integrated lighting surfaces. Even if the orientation is not good, it can be made up by increasing the lighting area. Better ventilation, larger indoor living area and auxiliary area, compact layout, clear functions and less mutual interference.

88. Butterfly Mansion: Butterfly Mansion is an improved tower, named for its cross-sectional shape like a butterfly. Butterfly House has outstanding advantages, combining the advantages of banlou and tower. Let's take Baoxing Garden as an example. First, the problem of ventilation and lighting is well solved. People like banlou only because it is well ventilated and sunny. The butterfly-shaped building in Baoxingyuan makes the east-west rooms extend outward, which not only makes every household face the sun, but also enables four households in the wing position to enjoy the refreshing ventilation effect. Second, the utilization rate is high. Baoxing Garden adopts the design of two stairs and six households, which effectively reduces the elevator room area, ensures the high utilization rate of each household, and avoids the winding corridor of ordinary towers. Third, the apartment is square. Butterfly architecture has a common problem-there are many corners in the room. Baoxing Garden has made a good improvement in this regard, and designed the corners of the elevator room to ensure the square of the apartment as much as possible.

89. Low-rise building: less than or equal to10m, 1-3 floors.

90. Multi-storey residence: 10 meter to 24 meters, with 4-8 floors.