★ In Japan, it is believed that karate was introduced to Japan by Chen Yuankai of China in the Ming Dynasty; Others believe that Okinawa people who made a living in Fujian, China hundreds of years ago took China Boxing back to Japan after learning China Boxing in Fujian. Some people think that karate is not from China, because as long as people live, there must be people fighting with people and animals in the primitive development period, which is the bud of Japanese karate ... But according to relevant historical records, karate is a combination of ancient fighting skills on Okinawa and Shaolin boxing in China after it was introduced to Japan. Because the core source of karate technology is China, which was called "Tang Hand" in the early days, meaning China Boxing; From May 65438 to May 0922, Funakoshi Gichin, president of Okinawa Wushu Association, went to Tokyo to participate in the sports exhibition competition sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and perform Tang Boxing. After that, Tang Handicraft Drama quickly became popular in Japan. 1935, Master Funakoshi Gichin published The Way to Learn Karate, which was officially renamed Karate in the Tang Dynasty.
★ Orthodox karate mainly includes four schools: Songtaoguan School, Aikido School, Rigid-Flexible School and Oriental School, and has become the mother of many schools of karate in Japan today. As one of the four schools of modern Japanese karate, Rigid-Flexibility admitted that Dong Enna Quanquan, the master of this school, had studied boxing in China for several years, and it was Dong Enna Quanquan who developed Rigid-Flexibility. The delegation of Gang Rouliu visited Fujian many times to find the remains of their ancestors.
★ 1989, they set up the "Zhangxian Monument" in Fujian Sports Center in memory of their teacher China. 1992 During the visit to Fujian Institute of Physical Education in June, the delegation of Okinaoka Rouliu performed the 18th and 18th karate moves of World War III, and the technical structure and power distribution were similar to those of Fujian Nanquan.
★ 1930, Miyagi Changshun first used the name of his school, and then more than 300 karate groups with their own names appeared.
★ 1949, the "Japan Karate Association" was established with Songtao Pavilion as the main body, but the association has not yet possessed the strength to lead the whole Japanese karate circle. ...
★ 1964, the All-Japan Karate Alliance was established, with the participation of the Karate Association, and started a "one-stop" competition with many schools.
★ 1970, the World Karate Federation was established and the first world karate championship was held. With the support of some politicians and industrialists, these powerful groups are constantly committed to pushing karate to the world.
★ Karate training is based on various standing postures, repeatedly practicing fixed defensive and offensive techniques, such as standing posture, defense, punching legs, defensive counterattack, etc. The technique of keeping a certain posture and moving back and forth, left and right is called basic action in karate. There are three postures: standing upright, standing upright and standing upright on four legs, and other ways can be applied in the movement.
★ Karate physical adjustment mainly refers to warm-up activities and relaxation after exercise. In karate, people's movements are very large, and people have to bear fierce impacts. Therefore, the flexibility and elasticity of joints and muscles can be ensured by preparing activities and relaxing exercises. Karate attaches great importance to breathing practice in physical exercise. ...
swordsmanship
★ The attack mode of kendo is chopping. Its main targets are head, face, throat, chest ribs and wrist. Pay special attention to the consistency of the air blade, the sharp and spicy swordsmanship, and the quick and cold fighting. Its movements are graceful, concise and powerful, and it is very practical.
★ Kendo refers to martial arts in which swords are used as weapons to fight. Japanese fencing has a very long history. Legend has it that ancient Japanese fencing originated in China, which is hard to find in historical materials. However, during the Han and Tang Dynasties, Japanese imitation China Dao was really true. In terms of time, the time when Japanese swordsmanship began to be recorded in writing basically coincides with the time when Japan copied China's sword, so it is credible to say that ancient Japanese swordsmanship came from China. In Heian period (794- 1 192), kendo was called "Taidao". During the Edo period (A.D. 1603- 1867), kendo was called the art of war in Japan. The Japanese call Sun Tzu's Art of War the Great Art of War and Kendo the Small Art of War. In fact, the word kendo first appeared in China's ancient book "The Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu Yue" and in a conversation between Gou Jian, King of Yue, and swordsman Yue Nv. In ancient China, practicing sword was once called kendo. There are 38 kendo articles in Hanshu, which shows that the ancient kendo in China has a relatively complete theoretical system.
★ Before Japanese swords evolved into modern forms, China swords were mostly used in ancient Japan. In the 10 century, political chaos led local literati to gather together to practice martial arts in order to protect the land, and warriors were born here. Samurai then devoted himself to the improvement of saber and swordsmanship, changing from China's swordsmanship to Japanese swordsmanship. The first nine years and the last three years in the middle and late period of heian period, as well as the rebellion between Baoyuan and Ye Ping, increased actual combat experience and formed a unique Japanese fencing.
Due to the appearance of samurai, a new society has been formed under the rule of samurai class since the Middle Ages. After Yuan Dynasty's successful administration under the guidance of diligent and martial spirit, the knife method prevailed and its teaching and learning methods were gradually unified. Because of years of war, everyone knows the importance of swords, so they practice again and again.
★ The real development of kendo began in peacetime. The samurai class was very prosperous at that time, which played a strong role in promoting the development of kendo. During the Warring States period, people learned kendo for self-defense and other needs, which made kendo very popular. In the past, kendo was only mastered by samurai, but later it spread to ordinary people. There are also many schools of kendo, among which Shinto Stream, Shadow Stream and Zhongtiao Stream are recognized by later generations as the three major sources of Japanese kendo.
★ During the Edo period, Kendo was still in its heyday. At this time, famous kendo masters such as Yagyu Ma Dan Shouzong Moment, Ito Yitai and Musashi Miyamoto appeared. Musashi Miyamoto's Five Wheels Book is the most influential work in the history of kendo. During this period, bamboo knives and protective gear for practice appeared.
During the Meiji Restoration, the culture was completely westernized, and the kendo atmosphere gradually declined. In addition, the sword was abolished in Meiji 9, and kendo began to decline ... But the Southwest War in Meiji 10 made the Japanese realize the role of kendo and promoted its revival. In Meiji 12, kendo was listed as a compulsory course in the police department (later changed to the police department). At the same time, a few schools began to incorporate kendo into the curriculum, and many schools began to introduce it gradually. In World War II, kendo reached its climax again.
★ After Japan's defeat in World War II, the Allied Command ordered all martial arts such as kendo, judo and archery to be deleted from the school physical education curriculum on the grounds that "martial arts are encouraged and utilized by supranational ideology and militarism and are regarded as part of military training", and at the same time, martial arts activities of ordinary people were completely banned. The following year, the "Great Japan Wushu Association" was dissolved, the property was completely confiscated, kendo almost completely disappeared, and it once again entered a trough.
1950, the All-Japan Bamboo Knife Competition Alliance was established, and Kendo was revived in the name of pure sports bamboo knife competition.
1952 bamboo knife competition has also been listed as a school sports competition by major and middle schools. Soon after, the Japanese Kendo Alliance was established.
1953 kendo has been re-incorporated into the school physical education curriculum.
1954, the Bamboo Knife Competition Alliance was dissolved, unified into the All-Japan Kendo Alliance and joined the Japan Sports Association.
Since 1955, kendo has become an official event of the National Games.
1970 the international kendo alliance was established and various international kendo competitions are held every year.
He Qi avenue
★ Harmony is a martial art with harmony as its core principle, which is developed on the basis of Jiu Jitsu, Kendo and marksmanship. Its founder is Uezhi Shengping, 1883 was born in Xi 'nagu Village, Ximoulou County, Wakayama County.
★ Uezhi Shengping was weak and sick when she was young, but she was very smart and had excellent reaction ability and memory. When she was a teenager, she went to Tokyo to learn "Up and Down" Jiu Jitsu and "Liu Jiu Jitsu". He joined the army at the age of 20 and returned to his hometown four years later to open a martial arts school and teach Jiu Jitsu. He also studied under Takagi Kiichi, the ninth section of judo, and under the guidance of "Yagyu Jiu Jitsu" expert Nakai Masakatsu. Yagyu made jujitsu with the idea of combining rigidity with softness, which played an important role in the establishment of airway later.
★ 1908, Uezhi was promoted to a Jiu Jitsu instructor's certificate.
★ 19 12, he went to Hokkaido with the dream of "opening up Hokkaido". There, he learned Dadongliu Jiu Jitsu from Takeda Kok, a celebrity of Dadongliu Jiu Jitsu, and got the Secret Upanishads of Jiu Jitsu. This also has a great influence on the formation of airway later.
★ 1920, Uezhi Shengping moved from Hokkaido to Kyoto, where he met Wang Rensaburo, a famous teacher of Big Ben School. With the help of the exporter Wang Rensaburo, Uezhi was promoted to establish the "Uezhi Boxing Hall". During this period, he combined the essence of all kinds of jujitsu, kendo and gunfight, and opened up a new realm of "harmony" of qi, mind and body.
★ 1922, Uezhi shengping officially named its martial arts "harmonious martial arts", also known as "harmonious jujitsu". But at this time, Aikido is still a pure martial art to subdue opponents by changing techniques.
★ 1924, Uezhi Shengping went to Mongolia with the exporter Wang Rensaburo to join the Mongolian army. In a battle with Zhang's army, Uezhi's army was devastated.
★ After Zhi Zhi Shengping fled back to Japan, he still opened a budokan in the Ayabu of Kyoto. But he realized that martial arts should not be limited to martial arts, and more importantly, through the training of martial arts, the individual's body and mind should naturally assimilate with the universe. At this time, his martial arts thought has risen from a simple martial arts view to a view of advocating martial arts with a philosophy of life. This is an important turning point in the history of Aikido! Under the guidance of new ideas, Uezhi Shengping improved He Qi Wushu.
★ 1926, Japanese navy general Isamu Takeshita heard about the fame of He Qi Wushu and called Zhi Shengping to Tokyo. After the interview, Isamu Takeshita immediately decided to fully support Uezhi Shengping. In the second year, Noboru takeshita also gave his property to Zhi Shengping. Harmonious Wushu is based in Tokyo and develops rapidly.
★ 193 1 year, Uezhi Shengping built Qihe Wushu Headquarters in Ruosong Street, Niru, Tokyo, and named it "Imperial Wushu School", and later established branches in Osaka and Hyogo.
★ 1936, Uezhi Shengping officially named it "Aikido". So aikido was established. ...
As a major school in Japan, Aikido has developed very rapidly. At the peak of World War II, Uezhi Shengping saw the cruelty of war, so he lived in seclusion in the rocky countryside of Ibaraki Prefecture and practiced martial arts in his spare time.
★ 1945, Japan was defeated and surrendered. The Aikido headquarters in Tokyo has also become a ruin.
★ 1946, after graduating from Waseda University in Japan, Uezhi Yoshimaru, son of Uezhi Shengping, took on the heavy responsibility of reviving Aikido and held Aikido workshops in spring and autumn.
★ 1950, Zhi Zhi Jixiang pill held Harmony magazine.
★ From 1953 to 1955, Japan's economy recovered, and Aikido also entered the revival stage. The number of students has increased and the facilities have been improved. Aikido Magazine was changed to Aikido News, and the workshops in spring and autumn were changed to "All-Japan Aikido Wushu Conference".
★ 1956, the first aikido open martial arts exhibition was held, which caused a sensation in Tokyo. On the last day of the conference, Uezhi Shengping personally performed on the stage, and the audience were all amazed at his magical skills. Since then, Aikido has gained great influence in Japan, opening branches in various places and developing more rapidly.
★ Now Aikido has become a martial art that is popular all over the world.
Airway principle:
★ The core of the principle of harmony is "Qi" and "Harmony".
★ Qi has many meanings, which can represent objective natural qi or abstract qi (gas field, murderous look, etc.). ). The qi mentioned here does not refer to a certain substance, but refers to the qi of everything in the world. The concept of qi in airway can be said to come from philosophy.
★ Regarding harmony, Uezhi Shengping once explained that qi is the root of life activities, and harmony is to use the qi of life wonderfully, so that any part of the human body has a sense of qi, and it can be voluntary movement according to one's own will to achieve a state of unity of body and mind.
★ The so-called flexible use of qi is to understand the subtle changes of breathing, and then use breathing to cultivate and master the martial arts, so that martial arts movements change according to the changes of breathing.
★ The so-called combination of heart and qi refers to the combination of personal psychological activities and qi (inside and outside the qi here), and there can be no rebellious psychology. Internal finger self-breathing; Refers to things or people other than individuals. Don't confront the enemy directly, but change his momentum in his attack activities and subdue his opponent in essence.
★ The so-called unity of body and qi means that a person's actions are consistent with the internal and external qi. Integration means that actions should be coordinated with breathing; Combine with the outside world, give full play to our own advantages in view of the changes in the external environment, and our actions should be consistent with the changes in external forces.
Characteristics of airway:
★ And the technical movements of the airway are very soft. In terms of force, the airway adopts the "flowing" force mode. Although running water is soft, it can be invincible. The same is true of the strength of the airway. Its technology can effectively buffer the opponent's tough attack, eliminate its power, achieve the effect of combining rigidity with softness, and finally subdue the opponent.
★ Aikido is a martial art that subdues opponents in defense rather than actively attacking others. So Aiko has no active attack technology. ...
★ Aikido is a comprehensive martial art, including unarmed techniques, swords, sticks and daggers. In all techniques, the movements are relatively peaceful, and there are no movements such as jumping in the air. The unarmed technique can be divided into three categories: personal technique, throwing technique and solid technique (in which throwing technique and solid technique are the main parts).
Beijing karate
Pulse fitness club
6th Floor, Urban Construction Building, the northeast corner of Beitaipingzhuang Bridge, Beijing
0 10-82255080
0 10-8225508 1
Classes begin in early May.
Du Ji Experience Hall
Room B 1 Mengtai Hall, No.9 Wenhuiyuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing
0 10-62254466
Class begins after the public class on May 8th.
Er wai Dao Guan
Third floor, International Exchange Center, Beijing Foreign Studies University
0 10-63458840
Boni Taoist temple
Road West, 50m south of Yongdingkou, Haidian District, Beijing
0 10-63458840
Fudi tunnel hall
Floor 3, Jintai Fudi Building, No.29 Anning Zhuang West Road, Qinghe, Haidian District, Beijing
0 10-82743795
Classes begin after the performance on April 30th.
Shougang Taoist temple
Beijing Shougang Basketball Gymnasium B 1 Orrit Fitness
0 10-63458840
Ren boulevard Guan
Beijing Renmin University Neishijiguan North 203 Martial Arts Room
13 12 1456894
See the webpage: /new2.asp? ID=86
Beijing kendo
Practice time and place:
Tuesday night, from 20: 00 to 22: 00, the Fitness Center of the Training Bureau of the State Sports General Administration (north of Yutingqiao Chinese Chess Institute).
Thursday 20: 30-22: 30, Sunday 20: 00-22: 00, the new basketball practice hall of the university gymnasium.
On Sunday 10:00- 12:00, the martial arts training hall on the second floor of the track and field hall of the university gymnasium (the children's training camp will also be open).
Please refer to the webpage:. com/htm/shezhi.htm
Beijing aikido
Wuyuan aikido coach training class
The semester lasts for three months, full-time closed training, face-to-face teaching and systematic teaching. Accommodation is included.
The course includes three parts: Aikido culture, Aikido technology and teaching skills.
Learn at any time. Take the actual real-time teaching system, reach the standard hours, and issue a certificate of completion.
Applicants can obtain Wuyuan Club information and enrollment brochures for remedial classes from the following channels:
Contact by letter: He Qi Wushu Fitness Club, Wuyuan, Building 2, No.50 Courtyard, Guanganmenwai South Street, Beijing (100055).
* Please indicate "economy class information" on the envelope.
Registration hotline: (0 10)63328 162
Mobile phone:13801177487
Fax Contact: (0 10)63328257
E-mail contact :shuier7890@sohu.com.
See webpage:/px-jiaolian.htm.