The teaching method of physical education class in primary school: 1. Collect information and enrich teaching content.
Classroom physics practice class has some limitations in some teaching materials. The general idea is: more quiet and less movement, more talk and less practice, more unarmed and less equipment. This more or less invisibly forms the ideological resistance to good indoor classes. But the result of practice is a wide range of topics and rich content. But the following contents can be used as indoor sports teaching materials.
1, sports basic knowledge, medical care, various competition rules, sports technical knowledge, etc.
2. Physical fitness: sit-ups, push-ups, leg press with one leg on the table, leg press with both shoulders, wrestling with both arms, push-ups, swinging arms in speed quality exercises, pushing back water wheels, jogging in situ, etc. And many exercises about developing sensitivity, coordination and flexibility can be used as teaching materials for indoor physical education class.
3. Indoor games: Indoor games have been arranged in physical education textbooks over the years, and other games in primary school physical education textbooks published by People's Education Publishing House can also be partially selected as indoor games, such as holding the ball relay, telegraphing, who is ahead, passing through the blocked area, shooting competitions, etc.
4. Bare-handed exercises, aerobics, aerobics (which can be performed with music) and some light weapons exercises (such as dumb gymnastics, rope exercises and ball exercises) can all be used as indoor physical education textbooks.
5. Some basic teaching materials suitable for indoor teaching: such as attention, alignment, being at ease, turning left (right) and turning back; Technical back and forth tumbling; Throwing movements of unarmed and rhythmic activities, basic hand, step and basic dance steps of dance; Boxing, pushing, lunge, front leg press and Wuqinxi in Wushu can all be taught indoors.
Second, change teaching ideas, carry out diversified teaching design and organize teaching.
To make a good indoor physical education class, PE teachers should not only have rich knowledge of PE theory and classroom skills, but also change their teaching concepts and conduct diversified teaching design and organization for indoor physical education class. At the same time, teachers should have a sense of being ahead of time and make preparations for a semester of physical education theory class in advance. No matter from the purpose and form of class, the use of teaching means (multimedia and subject integration) and the selection of teaching materials, it can't be done overnight. Otherwise, indoor physical education class will eventually lose the educational opportunity and value of indoor classes in simple games and fun, boring explanations and students' drowsiness. It should be noted that indoor physical education class doesn't want games and fun. Just to see who is right and how to use it. Starting from the reality of students' physical and mental characteristics, indoor physical education class can take sports appreciation classes; Can carry out thematic sports inquiry learning; Physical education learning tasks can be arranged in advance (problem-driven), and special discussions can be held in class to form a learning field of teacher-student interaction; There can be a sports knowledge contest; what's up Words? , ok? Wu? , ok? Civil-military integration? , entertaining and entertaining; We can cultivate students' good psychological quality by playing chess and cards. In short, under the new curriculum reform, our indoor physical education class needs rich teaching content, and the selected teaching content should be designed and organized in a variety of ways.
Third, there are various teaching methods.
The teaching means and methods of indoor physical education class are as diverse as outdoor classes, and some aspects are more convenient to use and can show its unique function. Through practice, some teaching contents and corresponding teaching methods are integrated as follows:
1、? Switch? Indoor physical education teaching is different from outdoor teaching, and the use of equipment and instruments must be replaced by rational use. For example, dumbbells are used instead of shot put, table tops are used instead of sponge mats, parallel bars are used outside the table tops, and bunkers are used instead of sponge mats.
2、? Adopt a competition? Competition is one of the basic methods of physical education. For example, push-ups are used to compare the quality of movements, the number of movements of lifting sandbags, the speed of running with high legs, and group competitions. Collective? Wait a minute. The application of these competitions enriches the form of indoor physical education teaching.
3、? Multimedia presentation? Multimedia demonstration is a common means of indoor teaching. Teachers can use pictures, animations and other forms to teach. These lenses didn't last long, and the embellishment effect was very eye-catching. For example, the aerial action of long jump in teaching can be divided into multiple action pictures. Slow? 、? Quick? Display in order. This animation technology picture not only makes up for the shortage of teachers' oral presentation in teaching, but also adds artistic color to teaching.
4、? With imitation? In teaching, various imitation exercises are not only used for warm-up activities and relaxation exercises, but also widely used in various teaching materials. Especially in the teaching of lower grades, it is particularly important. For example, basketball players and throwers in throwing teaching can all be taught with imitation as the keynote. These simulation teaching methods have brought benefits to improve the teaching quality.
5、? Combination game? Add some auxiliary games in the teaching process to make the classroom more lively.
6、? Morality in the body? Integrating moral education into physical education is the same method in our indoor physical education class. If I were here? Five stresses and four beauties? The combination of moral education in word grouping relay race gives students a beautiful mind. Another example is to use the outside of the desktop to teach the outside to sit, from a technical analysis? Light and steady? The love of desks gives students moral education. These are all based on? Morality in the body? Expressed in this way, ideological education is vivid and effective.
Fourth, improve teaching methods to stimulate students' interest
Students are curious about things, love novelty and are tired of repeated practice. To arouse students' strong interest in physical education class, we should constantly give students new, interesting and systematic teaching contents, attract students with novel teaching methods, and enable students to acquire new knowledge continuously, thus enhancing their interest. There are many teaching methods in indoor class, which one should the teacher master? New? Words are very important. Every class has new content and new forms, and students' interest can be easily aroused. I often use the following:
1, rational use of simple equipment, now use small balls instead of basketball, shot put, etc. Replace the parallel bars and goats with desks tomorrow. 2. Using multimedia, such as pictures of various sports stars, ask his name, what events he won and how he became famous. Historical photos in newspapers and periodicals can also be used as teaching AIDS, which can make up for the lack of teachers' oral and demonstration in teaching.
3. Inspire students' intelligence by means of competitions, such as one-minute sports knowledge quiz and guessing sports riddles.
4. Organize game activities, such as blind people touching elephants and delivering packages. It can make the class climax and interesting.
5. Storytelling and visualization of teaching materials, using interesting storylines to visualize and animate difficult teaching materials, can make students remember forever.
Fifth, the teaching materials are arranged in flexible and diverse forms.
For indoor physical education class in rainy days, the arrangement of teaching materials should be reasonable, the collocation should be appropriate, the weight should be appropriate, the difficulty should be moderate, and the priorities should be clear. These are the important factors for a good indoor physical education class and the main basis for a reasonable arrangement of teaching materials.
1, lecture class
In the introductory course of each semester, put forward the requirements of the current teaching plan, assessment items and standards to students; Rules of mini-basketball and mini-football matches; Sports current events, stories of leaders for revolutionary movements, etc.
2. Practice-oriented courses
Sometimes, before class, this type of class needs to move the desks and chairs to make room for group practice, such as skill tumbling back and forth, sit-ups, standing and so on. And high-quality sports can also be arranged in groups and cycles, such as lifting dumbbells-carrying squats-sit-ups. Although the space is small, if it is well organized, it can still receive ideal teaching results. Several kinds of quality cycle exercises, students do not feel boring and monotonous, which is conducive to mobilizing students' enthusiasm and initiative.
3. Classroom combining teaching with practice
This is a teaching form commonly used by physical education teachers, such as arranging 20 minutes of explanation of basic physics knowledge, and then arranging indoor sports games of 1-2. In sports competitions, in addition to physical training, we should also pay attention to ideological education to stimulate students' innovative consciousness and active participation; Arrange 10- 15 minutes to explain the technical action, and then arrange the practice of this technology (single person, double person or group) to consolidate the essentials of the learned technical action and establish a correct concept of action; This kind of class, there are lectures and exercises, static and dynamic. It is easy to organize and students are willing to accept it.
Indoor classes should also pay attention to the following points:
1, indoor physical education teaching organization should be more rigorous.
Indoor physical education, with a large population and small space, should pay more attention to organizational work and safety work. More need to establish a set of indoor physical education class routines. It is the key for teachers to prepare lessons carefully in teaching. All possible situations in teaching should be fully considered in advance and how to avoid them. How to safely place tables and chairs without damaging public property, with more space; How to group, how to rotate more reasonably, which teaching materials to arrange first, whether it conforms to the law of physiological load and the law of motor skill formation; How to mobilize students' learning enthusiasm and initiative, and how to play the role of small cadres. As difficult as outdoor physical education class.
We should make full use of the favorable conditions in the classroom.
In indoor physical education teaching, students' attention is easy to concentrate without external interference, interpersonal and group relations are more prominent, and teachers' leading role is easier to play. When explaining technical movements and knowledge, we can make full use of advanced multimedia teaching methods such as blackboard writing, wall chart, slide show, video and VCD, so as to make sports knowledge more detailed and technical movements more intuitive. The desks and stools in the classroom can be used as auxiliary equipment for students to practice.
3, clear table stool processing method.
To have a good indoor physical education class, we must deal with tables, chairs and benches. Generally speaking, try not to move the table or stool, and move as little as possible. If you want to move the table or stool, you should follow the unified regulations.
4. Pay attention to the differences between classes
There are differences between classes, such as good or bad discipline, uneven level and unequal number of people. We must treat them separately and put forward different requirements in order to be targeted.
In a word, we must attach importance to indoor PE class, which is the premise of good indoor PE class.
Physical education class group teaching in primary schools is to divide students into several groups according to their age, gender, health status and physical training level, and put forward different requirements under the condition that the teaching content is basically the same. Group teaching can be divided into:
Grouping without rotation means that under the condition of good sports ground and equipment, each group exercises in the order of teaching materials under the unified guidance of teachers. We can give full play to the leading role of teachers, reasonably arrange the order of teaching materials and practice load, and flexibly grasp the teaching time. But this form is not suitable for a school with many students and poor facilities.
Group rotation is to divide students into several groups when there are few facilities in the venue. Under the guidance of the teacher and the assistance of the student leader, each group learns different teaching materials and rotates the learning projects according to the scheduled time. This can make full use of the limited venue equipment and give students more practice time. However, in this form, teachers can't guide students in an all-round way, it is not convenient to arrange the teaching materials in a reasonable order and master the teaching time flexibly, and the exercise load of each group can't meet the principle of increasing gradually.
Physical education class's pre-class preparation in primary schools has certain rules and clear requirements and methods for physical education class to learn teaching materials, compile teaching plans, train sports backbones, arrange sports venues and equipment, prepare teachers themselves and evaluate classes.
The current physical education syllabus for primary and secondary schools in China, with the growth of grades, the proportion of teaching materials has increased year by year.
The basic teaching materials of physical education syllabus in primary and secondary schools account for about 70~80% of the total teaching hours. These textbooks can not only fully exercise students' physique, but also be simple and convenient for teaching. The selected textbooks account for about 20~30%, which are compiled to meet the different needs of different regions and schools on the basis of completing the basic textbooks, such as swimming, skating, mountain climbing, cross-country running, and ball games, track and field, apparatus gymnastics and girl rhythmic gymnastics outside the basic textbooks. In addition to the physical education syllabus, People's Education Publishing House has also compiled and published the National Physical Education Textbook for Primary Schools and the Physical Education Textbook for Middle Schools, which include action essentials, charts and practice methods, and are teachers' teaching guides.
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