Keywords: middle school students' interest in sports
The learning behavior of middle school students is a complicated process, and it is a cognitive process in which both intellectual and non-intellectual factors participate. Intelligence factors directly participate in students' learning process, while non-intelligence factors do not directly participate in this process, but non-intelligence factors play a particularly important role in physical education class, which actively and effectively affects the development of students' intelligence factors and plays a driving and regulating role in students' behavior. Therefore, only by understanding the characteristics of students' non-intelligence factors and taking appropriate teaching measures can teachers promote the improvement of students' non-intelligence factors and thus improve the classroom teaching effect.
Students' non-intelligence factors mainly include motivation, interest, emotion, will and personality. Among them, learning motivation and interest are important non-intellectual factors that affect students' learning. Learning motivation is the internal motivation to arouse, maintain and promote students' learning activities to achieve certain goals, and it is the basis of various learning behaviors. Interest in learning refers to a person's psychological tendency to know and master something, participate in an activity and produce positive emotions. There is a close positive correlation between learning interest and determining the correct learning motivation. In order to study the development of middle school students' non-intelligence factors, the author investigated the motivation and interest of physical education learning of students in grades one to three of Shiquan Middle School and grade one to three of Haiyan Senior Middle School in September, 2002. Through this investigation and analysis, the characteristics of middle school students' sports learning motivation and interest in the new era and the information of the main factors affecting their development are obtained. Determine the content, scope, samples and procedures of the investigation.
This survey adopts the method of questionnaire survey. The content of the questionnaire mainly includes 9 multiple-choice questions about middle school students' learning motivation, interest and factors affecting their development law, and each question gives 4 options. The survey scope is Fenghua Middle School, and the subjects are 180 students randomly selected from Grade Three to Grade Three. The extensiveness of the survey scope and the randomness of the survey objects ensure the credibility of the survey results. This survey * * * recovered 172 copies, of which 168 copies were confirmed to be valid. In the statistical analysis of 168 students, boys account for 55.5l%% and girls account for 45.49%, and the proportion of students in all grades is roughly the same, which ensures the universality of the survey sample. 168 students, 6.28% have good sports scores, 34.25% have good sports scores, 42.3l%% have average sports scores, and 17. 16% have poor sports scores, which shows that the sports scores of the students surveyed are in a normal distribution, thus further ensuring the validity and reliability of the survey results.
2. Findings and analysis
2. 1 Investigation and Analysis of Middle School Students' Sports Learning Motivation
Gender difference and age difference are important factors that affect students' motivation in physical education.
Analyze students' responses to "What is your favorite reason for studying physical education?" . It can be seen that boys' competitive consciousness is stronger than girls', so boys' sports learning motivation is greatly promoted by their academic achievements and their awareness of mastering technical skills and competing with others to succeed. Girls have a strong collective concept and a high level of compulsory motivation, so their motivation for physical education learning is more closely related to leaving a good impression on teachers, and their attachment is slightly higher than that of boys. In addition, we also found that more than 40% of the students chose "going to physical education class is easy and there is no homework pressure", which shows that these students have no real money to understand the meaning of physical education class at school, and their personal motivation accounts for a relatively high proportion.
With the increase of grade, the level of students' motivation to learn physical education is also improving. From grade three to grade three, physical education class must learn well because the proportion of "I can master certain sports technical skills and serve lifelong sports" is getting higher and higher. Senior students have stronger motivation in intention, desire and belief than junior students: the greater the influence of teachers and other conditions, the stronger the advantage of their attachment motivation.
Middle school students' motivation for physical education learning is a complex psychological tendency, which plays a role in awakening, pointing and regulating students' physical education learning process. In this survey, we found that middle school students' motivation to learn physical education includes intention, desire and belief, as well as the need, obligation and compulsion to strengthen their physique. All kinds of motives are intertwined, which are contradictory and unified.
Today's era is an era of competition. Middle school students gradually realize that only by improving their comprehensive quality can they keep pace with the times and meet the needs of society. This new understanding is also reflected in their motivation to learn physical education, which makes contemporary middle school students widely realize the significance of learning physical education. Therefore, in the survey, we can see that 52. 12% of the students chose "to improve their comprehensive quality", which is much higher than the other three items; 32.17% of the students choose fitness; 7.2% will be engaged in sports-related occupations in the future; 7.5 1% in order to better build the motherland. It seems that most students have not linked their personal values with social values, personal goals with lofty ideals, and their learning motivation level is still relatively low. In this survey, it is found that the three motivations of students' learning physical education promote their learning in order: voluntary motivation >; Compulsive motivation > attachment motivation.
2.2 Middle school students' interest in sports survey results analysis.
(1) In the new period, the overall level of middle school students' interest in sports learning is moderate, but students' interest in sports is quite different. This is only because of the differences in age, gender and region that different types of sports interests present different situations (see table 1).
Table 1: the distribution of different types of sports learning interests of middle school students
Ratio item
Interest in watching, direct activities, exploring principles, and mastering technical skills.
kind
Overall16.25 * 68.157.38 8.22
Sexy girl 20.70 53.25 7.67 19.38
Other boys 8.8383.143.782.15
Grade11.27 78.76 5.134.90.
Level 114.20 65.32 9.7810.70
Senior three16.38 59.129.8014.70
Note: * is a percentage.
As can be seen from Table L, middle school students are most interested in direct activities, and participating in various sports activities by themselves is the most effective way to stimulate students' interest in sports learning. However, the interest in direct activities decreases with the increase of grade. Freshmen's naturally active personality still exists when they were young, and their interest ratio in choosing direct activities is 8: 3. 1 1%, and this active personality also declines with Lei's age. The relationship between other three interests and grade growth. Girls are not as interested in direct activities as boys, because there are many people who naturally don't like sports and they are highly dependent.
(2) Teachers actively improve teaching methods and give effective guidance on learning:-It is an effective way to improve students' interest in sports.
From the statistics of "What do you think is the effective way to further improve sports performance", it can be seen that teachers' teaching methods account for 43.78%, which shows that teachers' teaching methods are the first important link to stimulate students' interest in sports learning.
Table 2. The distribution of middle school students' preference for using PE teachers' teaching methods.
When the teacher asks questions, the students practice speaking first, then try to practice after explaining, and practice while talking.
Proportion of total population (%) 40.30 33.28 17.22 9.38+0
It accounts for 38.70 33.78 20.127.14.
The number of students is 36.26 33.1217.1013.52.
The proportion (%) is 22.5134.061.1.5331.90 in senior three.
The statistics of students in different grades in Table 2 also show that senior three students most welcome teachers to adopt the teaching method of "teachers ask questions, students find problems in practice and solve problems with teachers". This shows that with the growth of age, the ability of independent thinking is strengthened, and they are more inclined to use discussion to explain their understanding, and have a deeper understanding of the problem, which will help them better master technical skills. However, the first-year students' ability to understand the principle of technical skills is still relatively poor, and they often choose the teaching method of speaking first and then practicing. Only by explaining the action images in your mind clearly can you master the technical skills through practice. This shows that the younger the grade, the more dependent students are on their teachers. In the third year of senior high school, students have a certain understanding of some technical skills, and the proportion of choosing to try first and then explain is obviously higher than that of students in the first and second days of junior high school. Therefore, it is very important for teachers to choose what kind of teaching methods. Only through real guidance and help can teachers stimulate students' learning motivation: improve students' interest.
In the survey, the author also found that whether students like studying physical education or not, among the effective methods to further improve their physical education performance, strengthening the guidance of learning methods ranks second, accounting for 38. 12%. Therefore, it is the second important link for teachers to strengthen the guidance of students' learning methods and stimulate students' interest in physical education class.
3. Enlightenment from this survey.
3. 1 Attach importance to the cultivation of students' sports learning motivation by education and society.
Due to the influence of traditional educational thought, and the concept that only good cultural achievements do not matter sports achievements. Make our students a passive acceptance process. Many students' motivation is not clear, and their learning responsibility is not strong. Physical education class is just for fun, so when choosing "What kind of content do you want the teacher to arrange on the physical education class", 46.72% of the students choose free activities. Facing the overall level of students' learning motivation, teachers should strengthen the education and cultivation of students' noble learning motivation while affirming that students are keenly aware of changes in social requirements, so that students can establish lofty ideals while determining their own values. By telling the glorious history of sports development, the important role of sports in rejuvenating China and famous athletes who win glory for our country, we can cultivate students' positive and strong sports emotions and improve their motivation level in sports learning. On the other hand, the whole society should make a good transition from exam-oriented education to quality education, change the evaluation mechanism of students in the whole society, and let students get out of the pressure of cultural examination and learn and innovate with a positive attitude, long-term goals and lasting motivation.
3.2 Teachers should create a good teaching scene to improve students' interest in learning.
Creating a relaxed and harmonious learning atmosphere and making students feel inspired and creative is another factor to activate the subjective consciousness. The creation of teaching scene: 1) can make students have a distinct image. Physical education teaching is based on thinking in images. Through teachers' demonstration, peers' practice and their own practice, the realism of images is enhanced and students' passion of "form and truth" is mobilized. 2) It can make students have impulsive desires. Teaching situation is to move in a lively teaching atmosphere and study in a relaxed and free environment like Fiona Fang without Fiona Fang, so as to mobilize students' subjective initiative. 3) It can make students have profound intentions. The ultimate goal of teaching scene is to arouse students' desire to learn through the vivid images created, and to show them step by step with the help of pictures, music, objects, demonstrations and expressions, so as to guide students to ponder and feel, thus forming the concept of behavior.
3.3 The cultivation and stimulation of sports learning motivation and interest need to be adapted to local conditions and vary from person to person.
Teachers must effectively cultivate and stimulate students' learning motivation and actions according to different age levels and different learning situations, so as to meet students' needs and achieve obvious results. In the survey, we also found that 40.36% of the students want teachers to arrange more ball games in teaching, so that students can master certain technical skills and serve lifelong sports in the future. However, 9.28% of the poor students want teachers to arrange more homework and practice to improve their quality. Therefore, teachers should also adopt teaching methods with different levels and requirements in teaching to fully meet the needs of students with different learning situations.
In the whole process of investigation, we only involve the motivation system of students learning physical education-non-intellectual factors, learning motivation and learning needs. In fact, there are emotions, consciousness and personality, which have great influence on students' learning and are also very important. It is necessary for other teachers to investigate these aspects so that we can get more information and enlightenment.