Basketball is full of vitality because of its own ontological characteristics, laws and functions. Therefore, popular basketball in the new century will be further promoted all over the world and become a veritable tool and means for global social culture, people's fitness and Xiu De's health. And this kind of sports humanistic culture atmosphere will continue to deepen into a special social humanistic landscape and a special part of people's lives. Especially in developing countries and regions, the development of basketball in communities and industrial and mining enterprises will be increasingly extensive, and people from all walks of life who love basketball will further support the promotion of basketball.
(B) School basketball has significant fitness and educational functions, and its activities are colorful.
Basketball's functions of intelligence, fitness, education, publicity and social interaction are increasingly recognized by education departments at all levels and school leaders. Actively carrying out school basketball will become a special form of education to enliven campus cultural life, enhance teachers' and students' physique, improve fitness level, cultivate sentiment, exercise will, cultivate conduct, cultivate team spirit, and enhance sense of mission and honor. Various forms of amateur basketball clubs will become a basic social organization in campus life. Excellent young athletes in the future will be enlightened and developed.
(3) The expansion of professional basketball in the world, the strengthening of business atmosphere and the enhancement of appreciation.
The technicalization of the competitive level of professional basketball games has further produced special social charm and economic benefits, which has promoted the establishment of professional basketball clubs around the world in the new century, and the commercialization of professional basketball games will gradually improve the rule of law in the norms and gradually form new industries. In this way, the existing international and domestic basketball organizations will appear new combinations sooner or later, and it is imperative to constantly change the rules, systems and methods of the game to meet people's needs for watching, fitness and development of basketball games.
(D) The theory and practice of basketball have further penetrated into high technology, forming a new structure and system.
With the penetration of modern science and technology into basketball, there will be new innovations and requirements in traditional basketball concepts, basketball theories, techniques, tactics, physical fitness level and training methods. Actual combat training means will be more scientific, and various techniques will be combined with training and competition practice to form new changes in basketball concepts, new theoretical viewpoints will emerge one after another, new technologies and tactics will be constantly produced, new competition system will be continuously improved, and new rules will be continuously enriched and developed, thus forming a new structure and system from basketball theory to basketball practice content. Basketball competition is more personalized, intensive, scientific and commercial in innovation and development, which obviously reflects the contemporary scientific and technological atmosphere of competitive basketball.
(E) Competitive basketball competition is fierce, ranking appears a new pattern, and technical and tactical styles present new features.
2 1 century, the competitive level and strength of world basketball will form a new ups and downs pattern, which is a good trend for the popularization, development and improvement of world basketball. But on the whole, the United States will still lead, and some countries in Europe and America will still be at the advanced level for a period of time, but the strength of each country will be relatively close, and the ranking will change repeatedly. In Asia, Australia and Africa, some countries will attack advanced powers. The overall development of basketball is moving towards the general trend of resourcefulness, strength, fierceness, tenacity, initiative, quickness, agility, changeability and overall accuracy, as well as the development of different genres and styles and various styles of play. The rules of the game will be revised in time to promote the balanced development of offense and defense; Height and speed are further interdependent and mutually restricted; Skills and tactics are further skillful, exquisite, practical, changeable, high-altitude, comprehensive and comprehensive; The struggle between space and time is more intense, which makes athletes put forward higher requirements for comprehensive physical quality, function, humanistic quality and cultural accomplishment, and the social benefits of especially talented stars are particularly important; The professional quality, knowledge structure, wisdom, talent and personality charm of coaches need to be comprehensively improved.
It can be seen that the ontological characteristics and characteristics of basketball in the new century will be endowed with new connotations.
First, ideas are the most important.
At present, the world basketball is developing in the direction of technology, professionalism, appreciation and commercialization, which requires coaches and athletes to further re-understand the basic laws and general development trend of basketball, so as to study and refine their own new ideas and measures in the multi-structure of training, management, command, competition and technical and tactical innovation, form a new framework system of basketball theory and practice, and then integrate into their own unique ideas. This will be the premise of creating the guiding ideology of self-basketball training competition, adapting to and realizing the goals of training competition, promoting the development of basketball career and shaping the new image of individual basketball career. Therefore, the enterprising coaches and athletes in basketball have realized this, which is also an innovative trend.
Second: wisdom is "cleverness"
As the saying goes, when two great powers meet, the brave wins. However, with the continuous development of science and technology in the world, human wisdom has been infinitely developed, and society has become more and more civilized and progressive. Science and technology will be widely infiltrated, transplanted and utilized by competitive sports, and the traditional "the brave win" must be endowed with new connotations. The concept of "the brave wins the decisive battle in an instant" has been updated, and there are countless examples of two strong men meeting the "wise man" to win. For this reason, the knowledgeable basketball players in the world constantly emphasize playing with their brains, their wisdom, their intelligence and the cultural and humanistic atmosphere, which is another new feature of basketball development in the new century.
The basis of wisdom is to improve the culture, scientific and technological knowledge and humanistic accomplishment of athletes and coaches, so as to correctly understand the true meaning of basketball, further grasp its laws, and then gallop freely in the practice of basketball.
Third: the high point is "air control"
Since the 1970s, excellent basketball teams all over the world have strengthened their high awareness, adopted various measures around their height, selected extremely tall inside players, and generally attached importance to improving the overall height of the team, and established the concepts that "a team cannot be formed without height", "it is difficult to win without height" and "the world is dominated by a high level and a high center". Practice has proved that this is not unreasonable. In the past 20 years, competitive basketball has really become a game of giants. But the connotation of "high" is to control the backboard, basket and basketball hanging in space. Therefore, the rules of the game are constantly revised, and many aspects both encourage and limit this "high" development trend.
Fourth: be fast in "rhythm"
With the development of basketball skills and tactics, in order to further improve the antagonism and commercial appreciation of basketball games, the rules of basketball games have shortened the offensive stage again, which not only accelerated the speed of the game, but also changed the rhythm of the game repeatedly. Coaches and athletes' training, mastery and application of techniques, as well as their ability to cooperate and adapt to tactical organizations, have strengthened their sense of time and rhythm. Nowadays, competitive basketball has set off an all-round and rapid wave in the world. "Race against time is the basic guarantee to master the initiative to win" has become the knowledge of excellent teams in various countries. The old saying that "the soldiers are expensive and fast" is more convincing. The skill at high speed is fully reflected in the conversion between fast and slow speed. What is particularly thought-provoking is that the regular training consciousness with rules and order in the traditional training theory needs to be studied in theory and practice to adapt to the reality of rules and order (that is, disorder) in the fierce and rapid confrontation of the world basketball competition. This is also the lagging phenomenon of China's training theory.
Fifth: Be fierce.
Since the 1980s, especially after allowing professional players to participate in the world series, it is one of the most obvious characteristics of the modernization of modern basketball to adopt close-fitting offensive and defensive countermeasures and tenacious and fierce struggle style. The traditional understanding of "fierce" on the basketball court has also undergone a qualitative change. "Fierceness" is not only reflected in thought, will, style and spirit, but also in the rational use of technical means and tactical methods in the course of competition, and also in the continuous evolution of competition rules. For example, fighting at high altitude under the basket requires not only height and physique, but also skill and ability, and fierce play is to ensure whether the above advantages can be exerted and air superiority can be obtained; For another example, the rules limit the attack time, requiring the ball to be pushed through the frontcourt with a quick and fierce action, and the only time is no more than 20 seconds before a fierce attack can be carried out. In defense, in order to prevent opponents from attacking, physical contact allowed by rules is generally adopted, and the use of fierce defensive means such as chasing, forcing, grabbing, hitting and breaking makes the modern basketball game more intense, and exciting and fierce game scenes appear from time to time, which gives the audience suspense from time to time.
To this end, the world's top teams have strengthened the cultivation of fierce style and the basic strength training of physical quality in order to facilitate more intense struggle. The basic reason why China's "August 1st" men's basketball team has maintained a good record for a long time in the 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China is its fierce competition style. One of the manifestations of modern basketball modernization is short-term and short-distance close-range fierce confrontation. Therefore, the combination of intelligence and fierceness is not only the characteristic of modern basketball, but also the crystallization of modern basketball, and it is also the requirement and characteristic of the modernization of modern competitive basketball.
Sixth: accuracy lies in "high score"
Shooting accuracy is the only means and purpose for basketball to win by scoring in offensive and defensive confrontation. First, the formation of high scores in international competitions shows that there are many three-point pitchers, the hit rate is generally improved, the throwing distance is long and the throwing points are wide, which is called "long-range missiles" on the basketball court; Second, the offensive and defensive conversion is fast, especially the offensive speed is accelerated, the number of times is increased, and the shooting opportunities are increased. There are strong shooters far, middle and near, and the layout of tall and heavyweight "mines" is emphasized under the basket-the center storm; Third, we attach great importance to the basic training of shooting, which requires not only that the shooting techniques and methods are not single and changeable, but also that the actions are solid, correct and standardized, and that the shooting under confrontation conditions is guaranteed in quality and quantity during training (data show that the top teams in the world require athletes to practice shooting under confrontation conditions every day, generally throwing the ball from 500 to 600 different angles in areas 6.50 meters away). This means that every athlete has to throw 1000- 1500 times a day, and the shooting percentage of the 500 balls thrown must reach 55%-70%, so as to ensure that the overall shooting percentage of the team is above 50% and the total score of the team is not less than 90 points. Therefore, the world's excellent sports teams have trained a group of excellent shooters, who have mastered the shooting skills to the technical level, and generally have the characteristics of many shooting methods, long throwing distance, many changes, many opportunities, many areas, high shooting points, stable mentality, fast throwing speed, strong attack threat under the basket and high hit rate index. Any team with many such meteors indicates its overall strength.
In addition to shooting accuracy as the basic point of the word "accuracy", modern basketball also requires mastering the general accuracy of individual movements and expanding other requirements of "accuracy", such as the high accuracy of using technical opportunities, changing techniques and tactics to judge time, but what is particularly prominent is the general improvement of peripheral three-point shooting rate. Long-range, medium-range, short-range and multi-faceted shooting echo each other, becoming the basis of tactical changes and the main means of turning danger into safety and turning defeat into victory.
Seventh: all in "synthesis"
Modern basketball is a multi-element, multi-type, multi-category and changeable comprehensive offensive and defensive confrontation sport. The result of confrontation depends on the organic integration of the above factors, which can be harmoniously integrated into a whole. This is reflected in the fact that coaches of high-level sports teams can achieve excellent results in international competitions around the rapid improvement of competitive level. From material selection to team formation to the implementation of training, management and training plan, they all attach great importance to the comprehensive detection and training of athletes' necessary special basic conditions, such as the comprehensiveness of understanding and understanding of basketball. The comprehensiveness of the proportion of each part of a special body shape; The comprehensiveness of intelligent structure; The comprehensiveness of physical quality, psychological quality, ability quality, skill quality, professional quality and moral quality; The mastery and application of offensive and defensive techniques, the comprehensiveness of tactics and so on. Therefore, modern high-level sports teams should have balanced and relative abilities, be literate, be offensive and defensive, be left and right, be internal and external, be up and down, be fast and slow, so as to adapt to different teams, different styles of play, different stages of competition and different environments, freely maintain their normal mentality and grasp the initiative of contingency. It is precisely because of the strengthening of comprehensive self-education, training and tempering consciousness that they can be randomly dispatched in the competition, from a single regular athlete to a multi-faceted comprehensive athlete, thus creating favorable conditions for increasing the overall strength of the team and developing themselves into specific star athletes. Comprehensive, comprehensive and unique sports teams and athletes have become the pearl sought after by modern basketball industrialists, the focus of attention of professional league audiences and an important symbol of the modernization of modern competitive basketball.
Eighth: change it to "instant"
With the development of modern basketball skills and tactics and the constant revision of the rules of the game, the ability of athletes to use technology in confrontation has been continuously improved, and the competition between offensive and defensive sides has become more intense, fierce and even subtle. Therefore, athletes must be creative in any round of attack and defense in order to create aggressive and lethal opportunities and finally achieve the expected attack and defense goals concisely and skillfully. It can be seen that the modern basketball game is not only a competition of strength, but also a decisive battle of strategy, that is, the tacit combination of athletes' body, technology and wisdom is the magic weapon to win. The competition practice of excellent basketball teams at home and abroad reflects that the stadium is ever-changing, and excellent athletes can also change with the changes, not only making opponents lose their initiative before encountering desperate situations, but also making themselves passive to take the initiative in desperate situations. The basis of "change" here is the wisdom of athletes, the technical level of individual combat and the command strategy and talent of coaches. An important reason why China and top international teams lose their advantages in major international and domestic competitions is that they can't cope with it and are not good at it.
Ninth: the star is "strange"
In the modern basketball game, the role of star players is becoming more and more important, and they are in a decisive position in the team. A team's strategy and tactics are often reflected around its stars, such as Jordan of the former NBA, O 'Neill of the Los Angeles Lakers, Petrovic of Croatia and other world-class stars; Huang Bailing in the 1950s, Yang Boyong, Qian Chenghai, Yang Jie and Li Shaofen in the 1960s; Sun, Zhang Yongjun and Mu of the men's basketball team in the mid-1980s and 1990s, Song Xiaobo, Cong Xuedi and Zheng of the women's basketball team, Yao Ming, Bater, Wang, Liu Yudong, Hu Weidong and Sun Jun who emerged in the late 1990s, Miao Lijie, Sui Feifei and Zheng Nan of the women's basketball team. They each have their own strengths and show their true colors as stars in various key positions. Some are the organizational core of the whole team, some are god pitchers, some are powerful centers, and some even serve as coaches on the court. They have a special core effect. Stubborn style, comprehensive skills, outstanding characteristics, psychological stability, strong scoring ability, both offensive and defensive, and both wisdom and courage are the common characteristics of star players. Therefore, it is the common pursuit of all excellent teams to cultivate their own star players.
Tenth: Technology lies in "sublimation"
The ability of athletes to use skills and tactics in basketball matches is a remarkable performance of team strength and level. Modern basketball has organically integrated technology and art. At the 25th Olympic Games, world-class excellent basketball players, such as Jordan and Johnson, elevated basketball to the artistic level. Wang's "dunk", Yao Ming's "block shot", Liu Yudong's attack under the basket, Hu Weidong's three-pointer in the CBA professional league in the mid-1990s all showed their own technical characteristics, which fully demonstrated the wisdom, courage, health and beauty of the human body. It is a pleasing artistic picture to freeze their postures. It can be said that the basketball court has become an artistic stage for high-level athletes to display their superb skills, tactics, physical fitness and high wisdom. Watching their performances not only gives people artistic enjoyment, but also gives people healthy and uplifting enlightenment. With the continuous improvement of basketball skills and tactics, the artistic charm of basketball will show the vitality of human life and special social and economic benefits more comprehensively.
Eleventh: The array is "mobile"
Military strategists pay attention to "the war after the war, the art of art of war, the art of subtlety and the art of new war", which shows the importance of the war before the war. The development trend of world basketball is that the offensive tactics are more and more refined, the front and rear position boundaries are gradually blurred, and the offensive and destructive nature of defense is increasingly enhanced. In the past, it has been difficult for many people to attack according to the established routine. Therefore, the mobile attack tactics launched by two or three people and the intensive mixed defense tactics with individuals as the main body are more and more widely adopted by the world's top basketball teams. As far as offensive tactics are concerned, since the 1990s, in various world competitions, the average number of attacks of an excellent basketball team in a game is about 100, in which the single drive attacks and maneuvers of two or three players account for more than 60% of the total number of attacks. In American NBA games, this ratio is even higher. Because mobile tactics are fast, flexible, easy to cooperate and have a high success rate. Of course, this does not mean that the overall tactics of five people are not needed, but under the strong defensive situation, the offensive techniques and tactics are developing in a more active, mobile and responsive direction. Defense develops to intensive and mixed defense tactics. This change in attack and defense tactics can give full play to the subjective initiative of athletes. But also for the physical and psychological qualities of athletes. It puts forward higher requirements for technical level, tactical awareness level, intellectual structure and playing style.
Twelfth: Handsome in "ingenuity"
"A thousand troops are easy to get, but a beautiful man is hard to find." A coach is the leader of a team. His ideological and moral character, cultural accomplishment, personality charm, theoretical knowledge level, sensitivity to new things, practical experience and management and command ability determine the development future of a sports team. Especially in today's era of rapid development of sports science and technology, it is more necessary for coaches to use various disciplines to implement training management, organization and command planning for sports teams. It is the basic duty of a coach to improve the scientific training level of competitive sports, give full play to athletes' intelligence and subjective initiative, and achieve the best competition results.
Looking at the world's highest level basketball game, the coach's wisdom, will, body, technology and talent have not only been proved to be the basis of modern basketball games, but also the key to measure the team's strength and decide the outcome of the game. Material security+overall strength+star+smart and handsome+social packaging = strength.
The practice of basketball team training and competition proves that "handsome but not wise, not fierce, the battle is defeated." Therefore, the formation of the army must first select handsome men, and training must first cultivate handsome men. Only strong and handsome can there be no weak soldiers. The outcome of the competition is also the embodiment of the team's comprehensive strength, which not only reflects the athletes' intelligent structure, skills, physical condition and level, but also reflects the coaches' wisdom, strategy, comprehensive professional level and talent level. To this end, the basketball circles all over the world attach great importance to finding and hiring coaches with special personality charm, unique modern basketball theoretical attainments and organizational training management talents.
In a word, the talents of modern basketball coaches are paid more and more attention by the world basketball community. However, excellent coaches are hard to come by, especially a group of coaches who are smart, studious, thoughtful, honest, dedicated, self-reliant, fearless, approachable, charismatic, cultivated and have a high level of modern scientific and technological IQ, which has always been the basic guarantee for the prosperity of a national and local basketball team. A strong man has no weak soldiers, which is a kind of knowledge.
Thirteenth: the "merger" between men and women
Since 1970s, with the development of competition rules, techniques and tactics, female basketball players have been approaching men's basketball teams in mastering techniques, applying tactics and improving their physical fitness. In the process of attack and defense, the post-80s women's team has made further progress in height, basic physical fitness and fighting. Some techniques and tactics used only by male athletes in the past have been widely used in women's basketball competitions. This is more prominent among the world's top teams such as the United States, Russia, Brazil, Australia, South Korea and Spain. , making the women's basketball competition equally attractive, and the masculine play of the women's team will become the inevitable trend of the future development of women's basketball.
The above 13 concepts influence and penetrate each other, and many aspects are both opposite and unified, thus dynamically raising basketball to the height of modern science and technology culture and guiding people to re-understand the basic laws of basketball from a dialectical point of view.
The powerful basketball countries in the modern world are actively pursuing and exploring the development direction of "commanding heights with wisdom", "tall and strong", "brave and tenacious", "active and agile", "agile and changeable" and "comprehensive and accurate" from reality, so as to make basketball enter a higher and newer development period and accelerate the development process of world basketball modernization. However, the above characteristics have their own connotations, influence each other and penetrate each other, and many aspects are both opposite and unified, full of philosophy and embodying laws, thus raising basketball to a higher level of modern science and technology culture in a dynamic way, and then raising the practice of basketball regularity and the theory formed in practice to the height of basketball philosophy and basketball dialectics. This is the essence of basketball.
Based on the above characteristics and characteristics, all the world's basketball powers are actively pursuing, exploring and working hard around the general trend of development and their own reality, so as to develop modern basketball to a higher level and stronger strength with the right to use, and further promote the process of modern basketball modernization.
2. Breakthrough is an offensive technique in which the player with the ball quickly surpasses the opponent after getting the ball and before dribbling, combined with the changes of non-center pedal, putter and dribbling techniques. Generally used when catching the ball and the defender is close. The combination and mutual transformation of holding the ball, shooting and passing can improve the application effect.
3. Basketball skill is the general name of all kinds of special actions used by players for the purpose of attack and defense in the game.
Basketball technology can be divided into offensive technology and defensive technology according to its purpose and task in the game.