Application premise of hypnosis
The success of hypnosis depends on two conditions, one is that the hypnotist's quality and skills are high, and the other is that the hypnotized person should be easily hypnotized. If the hypnotized person has a strong hint and a trusting attitude towards hypnosis, he can be hypnotized. The judgment methods are:
1. babur tip: Eight tips, each tip is successful, with a score of 1 and a total score of 8. A score of more than 4 points indicates that hypnosis can be successful.
Pendulous arm: the right hand is stretched horizontally, suggesting that it is getting heavier and heavier and sinking. After 30 seconds, it sinks below 4 inches (about 1 0cm), and it is1min.
Floating on the arm: the left hand stretches horizontally, suggesting that it is getting lighter and lighter, and it is light enough to float upwards. After 30 seconds, if you float 4 inches (about10cm) or higher, you will get one point.
Hands inseparable: spread your hands out first, then cross your hands and put them firmly on your lower abdomen, suggesting that your hands are stuck and inseparable. Prompted repeatedly for 45 seconds, score 0.5 points after 5 seconds, and score 1 minute after 5 seconds.
Thirst hallucination: It implies "You are too thirsty". Subjects have obvious swallowing movements, moving their mouths and moistening their lips, giving 0.5 points. If he still feels thirsty after the test, add 0.5 points.
Aphasia: refers to "your throat and mouth can't move and you can't speak", lasting for 45 seconds. If you can't talk after 5 seconds, give 0.5 points; if you still can't talk after 15 seconds, give 1 point.
Your body can't move: it means "your body is heavy and stiff, so you can't stand." 45 seconds, can't stand after 5 seconds, 0.5 points, 15 seconds, 1 minute.
Post-hypnotic reaction: Tell the tester "When I click after the test, you will cough involuntarily". After the test, the tester coughs or moves his throat, giving 1 point.
Selective forgetting: Tell the tester, "You can't remember the second test after the test. Only when I say you remember it now can you remember the content of the second exam. " Testers can't remember, give 1 point.
2. Boolean evaluation: choose one or two items at will.
Reverse method: tell the tester to experiment with neurological characteristics. Let the tester turn his back to the hypnotist, stand with his feet together and his hands droop naturally. The hypnotist gently put his palm on the tester's back and whispered, "Now I'm slowly pulling you back, it's already started!" " You're starting to fall behind, you're already falling behind ... "but in fact it's just moving backwards." If the tester falls back, it means that there is enough suggestive attention.
Leaning forward method: stand in the same posture as before and let the tester stare at the hypnotist's eyes. The hypnotist's eyes are fixed on the tester's nose, hands are stretched out, placed inward near the tester's temple, and gently touched, suggesting: "Now when my hands are taken away, you will follow me forward."
Hooking technique: let the tester hook his hands together, and the hypnotist wraps his hands outside the tester's hands and gives a slight massage. The hypnotist's eyes are fixed on the tester's nose, so that the tester can stare at the hypnotist's eyes, suggesting: "Your hands are numb ... your hands are tight ... you can't separate your hands!" You can't separate your hands if you work hard! "
Test tube method: give the tester three test tubes filled with clear water, tell him to test the sensitivity of smell, and prompt: "Smell, which is gasoline, which is alcohol and which is clear water?" If you smell gasoline or alcohol, it is suggestive.
Pendulum method: Tie a small iron ball to one end of a strong wire and let the tester stretch out a hand to hold the other end. The hypnotist uses a wooden horseshoe-shaped "magnet" to move around the small iron ball, and hints: "The small iron ball will swing with the magnet ..."
Specific methods of hypnosis
The hypnotized person first sits calmly and comfortably in the easy chair or lies on the bed and relaxes for a few minutes. The implied language must be firm, simple, clear and clear.
1. light spot stimulation method: let the hypnotized person stare at a light spot above or a bright lampshade, or at a shiny object in the hypnotist's hand, with a distance of about 10 cm. After a few minutes of concentration and gaze, the hypnotist uses monotonous suggestive language to guide: "Your eyes are getting tired ... you can't open your eyes ... your whole body is getting heavier and heavier, your mind is getting blurred ... you are going to doze off ... go to sleep ..." The eyelids are closed, indicating that hypnosis is successful.
2. Monotonous sound repetition method: let the hypnotized person close his eyes and relax, listen to the monotonous sound or dripping sound from the metronome or sensor, give a similar language prompt after a few minutes, and add a number when prompting. The typical language is: "there is nothing that bothers you here ... you can't hear anything except my voice and dripping sound ... you will be more sleepy when I count." ................................................................
3. Warm feeling guidance method: wash your hands and bake them hot. Gently touch the skin surface of the hypnotized person with warm and clean hands, and move slowly and repeatedly in the same direction from forehead, cheeks to hands. At the same time, you can use the above language prompts. It can also be stimulated by hand movements and fluctuations of hot air without touching the skin.
Hypnotic depth
Generally divided into three levels.
1. Shallow: The hypnotized person is in a comfortable muscle relaxation state, maintaining the function of voluntary movement, but unwilling to exercise and unable to open his eyes. After hypnosis is released, you can remember everything that happened during hypnosis.
2. Moderate: When voluntary movement was a child, his limbs were stiff and hard to bend. He obviously resisted when the hypnotist bent his arm. After hypnosis is released, some memories can be retained.
3. Depth: The hypnotized person only hears the voice of the hypnotist, absolutely obeys and follows the instructions, and the pain drops or even disappears, and is completely forgotten after hypnosis is released.
The release of hypnosis
"I'll wake you up in five minutes ... now I'll count from five to one, and when I count to one, you'll be completely awake ... five ... you'll gradually wake up ... your muscles will become elastic and powerful ... four ... you'll wake up, and you'll start to clearly distinguish various sounds ... two ... you'll be more awake ... one! Wake up. "
If at first you don't succeed, you can try several times.
The prescription of dark adaptation therapy
Hint therapy can be performed directly or in combination with other therapies. Direct suggestion is that doctors induce and suggest patients with skilled words or expressions. The process of patients accepting doctors' advice is the process of inner logical activity, which changes the original morbid feeling and bad attitude. Generally, there are the following ways to achieve the purpose of treating diseases:
Verbal suggestion: the implied information is conveyed to the implied person in the form of words, which has an impact. For example, in clinical work, medical staff exert various influences in talking with patients.
Operational suggestion: the process of psychological and behavioral changes caused by physical examination, using some instruments, or performing some virtual simple surgery. At this time, if you add verbal hints, the effect will be better.
Drug advice: prescribe some drugs for patients and make suggestions by using the effects of drugs. For example, through intravenous injection of 10% calcium gluconate, patients feel fever and at the same time, cooperate with verbal suggestion to treat hysterical aphasia or hysterical paralysis.
Environmental suggestion: putting patients in some special environments will have a positive and effective impact on their psychology and behavior and eliminate bad psychological state.
Self-suggestion: that is, the patient hints an idea to himself. For example, those who suffer from insomnia due to excessive excitement and nervousness can choose some words that can make people relax and quiet for self-suggestion, which can produce certain effects. Many relaxation training methods actually involve the process of self-suggestion.
Sleep-promoting therapy
This therapy is to use people's suggestibility to lead to a state similar to sleep, that is, hypnosis. In this state, the patient has great power to the oral instructions of the therapist, which causes profound changes in the psychological state, thus alleviating or disappearing some symptoms and obviously improving the condition.
The earliest application of hypnosis as a therapeutic method was 1775 Max Maier in Austria. He used magnets as hypnotic tools and explained the mechanism of hypnosis with mysterious animal magnetism. Until 184 1, james braid, a British surgeon, made a scientific explanation of hypnosis, believing that it was a passive and sleep-like state caused by the healer, and borrowed the Greek word "hypnos".
The specific practice of this therapy is as follows:
1. Before treatment, explain the nature of hypnosis to patients, and make clear the purpose and steps of treatment, so as to obtain patients' consent and full cooperation. Secondly, testing the suggestibility of people is the key to the success of hypnotherapy. There are many ways to test suggestibility. Here are four simple ways to tell the patient to test his nervous system before the test:
(1) Test the sensitivity of the sense of smell: Use three test tubes filled with clear water prepared in advance, so that patients can tell which one contains water and which one contains light vinegar or alcohol. If you can't distinguish, you will get 0; If you choose one of the latter two, you get1; If you choose two, you will get 2.
(2) Check the balance function: let the patient stand with his face against the wall, close his eyes lightly and breathe quietly for two minutes. Then the therapist said slowly in a low voice, "Do you feel a little shaky? Are you starting to feel a little wobbly? You should pay attention and try your best to understand your feelings. Is it a little swaying back and forth (or left and right)? " Pause for 30 seconds.
(3) Memory test: Show the patient a color picture of a room with windows, blue curtains and two chairs. Finish the color painting in 30 seconds. Q: ① Are there three or four chairs in the room? What color are the curtains, light green or light yellow? Is there 2 windows or 3 windows in the room? "If the answer is consistent with the question, it is suggestive, and each question gets 1 point; If the answer is consistent with the picture, you will get 0 points, and this survey will get 0 ~ 3 points.
(4) Measurement of visual resolution: Draw two equal circles with a diameter of 4cm and an interval of 8cm on white paper, and write two numbers in the middle (12 and 14 (or 14 ~ 15). Ask the patient to answer which circle is bigger. If you answer the same question, you will get 0 points, and if you answer one of them, you will get 1 point.
Through these four tests, patients can get 0 ~ 8 points. The higher the score, the stronger the suggestion to the patient and the greater the possibility of being hypnotized.
2. During the treatment, the indoor light should be elegant and quiet, and the room temperature should be moderate. Let the patient sit on a comfortable sofa. First, adjust your breathing to make it calm and regular, and then relax your muscles. Therapists generally use direct or indirect methods when hypnotizing nearby. The direct method is to gently touch the head with short, clear and authoritative words or with the authority of the therapist, even if the patient enters a hypnotic state. The indirect method is to use the bright lights on the opposite wall or the monotonous and low "clapping sound" and other "hypnotics". Generally speaking, hypnotherapy uses indirect methods. Let the patient stare at or listen to the hypnotic substance, while the therapist gives oral hints and repeats them in monotonous, low, affirmative and soft words. The patient is getting more and more tired, his eyelids are tight, his eyelids are heavy, and he can't open them ... Then he hints that his upper limbs, lower limbs and whole body muscles are slack, and the patient enters a hypnotic state under the hint of the therapist. The depth of hypnosis is generally divided into three categories: mild, moderate and deep.
Mild hypnotic state: the patient closes his eyes, his whole body muscles are relaxed, his eyelids are stiff, and his thinking activities are reduced. He can't follow the therapist's suggestion. For example, when he opens his eyes, he can only raise his eyebrows and sometimes have automatic activities. Afterwards, the patient told him that he was not asleep and everything around him was heard. He knew he just couldn't and didn't want to open his eyes, but he only felt heavy and comfortable.
Moderate hypnotic state: the patient's drowsiness deepens, his skin feels dull, his pain threshold increases, and he is obedient. Afterwards, the patient said that he began to fall asleep suddenly, and then woke up and asked him: What did the therapist tell him? What did you do? The patient can only remember the words and actions of the therapist in the early stage of hypnosis.
Deep hypnosis: the patient's feeling is obviously reduced and there is no response to acupuncture. Afterwards, he couldn't remember his words and deeds under hypnosis, but in fact, the patient answered and acted in full accordance with the therapist's instructions, so it was also called sleepwalking.
3. The indications of this therapy are mainly neurosis and some psychosomatic diseases, such as hysterical amnesia, hysterical aphonia or paralysis, phobia, nocturia, chronic asthma, spastic colon, spastic torticollis, stuttering, etc. It is better to eliminate some psychosomatic obstacles and stubborn bad habits. Generally, mild hypnosis is used to eliminate various symptoms. Under hypnosis, give the patient a verbal hint directly to confirm that the related symptoms will disappear after waking up. Hypnotic analysis can be carried out when hypnosis deepens. Patients can easily tell the repressed and forgotten mental trauma, find out the psychological factors that cause it, and also carry out hypnotic anesthesia and smooth surgery. In addition, this therapy can also be used for group hypnosis to treat alcoholism or narcotic addiction.
4. Do it 2-3 times a week at the beginning of treatment, and then 1 time a week, generally not more than1time. At the end of each treatment, the patient will be prompted by words to continue sleeping, and then go into natural sleep. Either tell the patient to wake up when the count of 10 counts down to 1, or ask the patient to repeat the therapist's count and tell him to wake up when he counts to 5 until he counts to 1. The hypnotic state should not be released too quickly, and it is best to wake the patient slowly.
According to the statistics of experienced hypnotherapists, about 70 ~ 90% people can enter hypnosis, and only 25% people can achieve deep hypnosis. Under the guidance of experienced therapists, mild hypnosis or arousal suggestion can often get better curative effect. Because the implementation of this therapy is a serious matter, the selection of patients should be strict, and generally must be held by trained psychiatrists or other clinicians and psychologists.
Types of sleep-promoting therapies
Hypnotherapy is a method of hypnotizing people and treating them with hints. Because under hypnosis, the patient can obey the therapist's instructions, and the effect is more ideal than the suggestion under conscious consciousness.
There are many ways to induce hypnosis, and there are many names, but there is still no unified classification. According to different methods, time and conditions, the types of hypnosis are divided as follows:
(1) According to the performer: ① self-hypnosis, that is, the method of hypnotizing oneself; (2) others hypnosis, that is, the hypnotist is responsible for the implementation of hypnosis methods.
(2) According to the conditions of suggestion: ① Speech hypnosis, that is, using language to hint hypnosis; ② Operational hypnosis, that is, nonverbal hypnosis, uses behavior, movement, music or current as suggestive stimuli to achieve the purpose of hypnosis.
(3) According to the state of consciousness: ① Hypnosis when awakening, that is, suggesting hypnosis when conscious; 2 hypnosis in sleep, that is, hypnosis in sleep.
(4) According to the cooperation situation: ① hypnosis of collaborators, that is, hypnosis of volunteers or collaborators; (2) Resist hypnosis, that is, hypnotize the author.
(5) According to the speed of hypnosis: ① Fast hypnosis, that is, instant hypnosis; (2) Slow hypnosis, that is, the method of gradually putting the subjects into hypnosis.
(6) According to the number of patients: ① Individual hypnosis, that is, the performer hypnotizes a single patient; ② Group hypnosis, also called group hypnosis, is to hypnotize a group at the same time.
(7) According to the distance: ① Close-body hypnosis, that is, face-to-face hypnosis of the subjects; (2) Stay away from hypnosis, that is, the performer and the subject stay away from hypnosis, such as telephone hypnosis, letter hypnosis, remote hypnosis, etc.
(8) According to objective factors: ① natural hypnosis, that is, natural hypnosis caused by objective natural conditions, such as road hypnosis of car drivers; (2) artificial hypnosis, hypnosis by the performer, that is, hypnosis by others.
(9) According to the degree of hypnosis: ① deep hypnosis, that is, the subject reaches a state of deep hypnosis, such as rigidity or dreaming; (2) Moderate hypnosis, that is, the subject reaches a moderate hypnotic state, such as weakness and confusion; (3) Shallow hypnosis, that is, the subject enters a state of shallow hypnosis, such as a state of quietness and muscle relaxation.
(10) According to the objects and means of hypnosis: ① hypnotize people, even if they are hypnotized; (2) Animal hypnosis, that is, hypnosis in which animals enter a hypnotic state; (3) Anesthetic hypnosis, that is, the application of narcotic drugs, such as amitriptyline sodium, thiopental sodium and other narcotic drugs, makes people enter a hypnotic state; (4) Non-narcotic drug hypnosis, that is, the use of non-narcotic drugs as a suggestive stimulus to achieve the purpose of hypnosis, such as the use of calcium gluconate and other drugs.