Keywords: open design of urban parks Changle Park
First, the background of Xi Changle Park
(1) position and present situation
Changle Park is the nursery of Xi 'an seedlings. From the east wall of Changle Park in the east to the west wall of Changle Park in the west. It starts from the north wall of Xi University of Technology in the north and ends at Han Sen Road in the south.
The problems existing in the park are: the openness around the park is not strong, the existing functional layout of the park is too single and inflexible, and the space lacks rhythm and change. In addition, the park lacks artistic devices and structures, and the overall color tends to be dull, making the park lifeless. The water system is located in the north of the park, and the surrounding environment of water is not beautiful, and the location of water is too remote, which leads to the low utilization rate of water.
(2) Planning and positioning
The design of the new park is based on the consideration of the needs of residents in the new era and the functions of the new city park, taking ecological design as the matrix of urban design, and making Changle Park an open and happy paradise that continuously provides entertainment and leisure for the citizens.
The planning orientation of the scheme is "green effect", which creates a self-sustaining ecosystem and environment, provides the possibility and directionality of multi-person gathering, and should also give it great flexibility in flexible and dynamic use functions. Let Changle Park become another "city window" and "business card" of Xi.
Second, the significance of open design in urban parks
The open design of the park can better meet the needs of urban residents, relieve mental stress, especially provide low-income workers with free places and spaces for rest, entertainment and fitness, and provide services to urban residents to the maximum extent. In addition to the universal functions of parks, the greatest value of open parks lies in their larger tourist capacity, providing more leisure and entertainment places for residents and becoming a more complete part of urban green space system.
A positive example of the successful application of open design in contemporary urban parks
Hyde Park is the most famous big park in London. It is completely open design. This park is beautiful and natural. Without artificial flower trays and exquisite scenery, it is as simple and natural as entering the countryside outside the city. Hyde Park is like a big "lung capacity" in London. This "vital capacity" provides citizens with fresh and sufficient oxygen, and people can play freely in the park.
(B) the necessity of developing Changle Park into an open park
Changle Park is located in Xi 'an New Town. Xingqing Park is near Changle Park. Xingqing Garden was built on the site of Xingqing Palace in Tang Dynasty. Xingqing Park was opened to the public free of charge in 2008. The park is centered on Xingqing Lake. There are not only a large number of rich plants in the park, but also historic ancient buildings, which attract many citizens to visit and enhance the value of the surrounding environment of the park.
Thirdly, Changle Park should establish an all-round new open park system.
(A) Multi-directional gradual regional setting
We set the park as three main entrances, and kept the west gate of the original park as the main entrance. The entrance design is ingenious. We opened the original entrance to the maximum extent. The irregular arrangement of spring water features and the design of liquid floor pavement at the entrance became one of the original highlights of the park, catering to the surrounding forest scenery and buildings, making the park have a smart and rhythmic aesthetic feeling from the beginning. After the transformation, other main entrances and secondary entrances of Changle Park are completely open, and there are no obstacles at the entrance, so people can enter the park at will.
(b) Multi-layered landscape space extending in all directions
In the case of tight urban land and crowded space, it is very important to use land efficiently and give full play to the comprehensive benefits of urban land. In the design, we added the softened curve of linear architecture-"landscape corridor", and divided the spatialization into two landscape systems for overlapping design.
(c) Convenient and comprehensive trail design
Because of the landscape space design, the landscape road is also divided into two layers of road systems, and the whole road design also follows the principle of open design, and the upper and lower layers of road systems are also interrelated. The road system of Changle Park plays a role in guiding tourists and connecting all districts, that is, all islands. We will open the closed places in the past, design and build more roads, and connect all the districts to form a loop system.
(four) to undertake the zoning design required in the park.
When considering park zoning, we think that each area of the park has its own different functions. According to the needs of people of different ages, some spaces become Little Square for the elderly to exercise, some spaces become places for young people to gather and play, some spaces become places for middle-aged people to rest and enjoy fish, and some spaces become platforms for children to watch flowers and birds. This kind of open space design better reflects the open value of the park, and can also maximize the diversity of functional forms of the park.
(e) Relaxing the boundary treatment of city boundaries
The open park gives people a paradise, but the details determine the integration of the park. Therefore, it is more acceptable and centripetal to soften urban lines with large groups and natural landscapes. We combine the boundary of the park with the surrounding environment more naturally, using Woods, lawns, water or micro-topography as barriers, instead of using too many artificial facilities, such as fences, railings and fences. In this way, the relationship between the park and the surrounding environment can be distinguished from space, and the "open" characteristics of the open park can be better expressed from the characteristics of the open park.
Four. conclusion
The open design of parks is an important reform in the process of urbanization, which embodies Scientific Outlook on Development's "people-oriented" concept and emphasizes that different income groups enjoy the same sunshine, grassland and nature, which is more conducive to improving people's lives. The intimate combination of man and nature is an important symbol of garden city. The development and maintenance of parks are closely related to people's interests. Only sustainable parks can bring long-term benefits to people and open parks can make long-term contributions to the city. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly study and explore better protection, planning and design methods to make the city go green.
References:
[1] Zhang Chuxia. Constructing Park System in High-density Urban Areas [J]. China Garden, 2009 (1 1).
[2] Wenquanping. On the Paradigm Evolution of Urban Green Open Space Planning [J]. China Garden, 2009 (1 1).