In different times, there are different standards for fitness. For example, the ratio of body length to head length in ancient Greece was 8: 1, while in modern Europe it was 7.5: 1, while in Asia it was only 7: 1. Leonardo da Vinci, a great artist in the Renaissance, believed that bodybuilders' head length was 1/8, shoulder width was 1/4, arms were horizontally extended to be equal to body length, armpit width was the same as hip breadth's, and breasts were on the same level with the lower end of scapula. Loomis of the United States thinks that the ideal height of men is 182.88 cm, and that of women is 172.77 cm, which is just above men's ears, and the normal figure ratio is 1: 3. The standard of physical beauty is mainly measured by the curvature of the horizontal section of each part of the body.

Although there are different opinions about fitness, it is still relatively stable. Its main contents and requirements are:

① Health.

"Health" is powerful, and "health" means happiness and peace. Health is the synthesis and balance of factors such as good heart function, full blood vessels, vigorous metabolism, good mental state, strong muscle strength and strong adaptability to the surrounding environment.

② Meet the standards of beauty.

A person with unbalanced body proportion or locally developed muscles due to professional characteristics, although in good health, is not beautiful because of his uncoordinated appearance. Practicality is not equal to beauty, bodybuilding is only considered to meet the standards of beauty.

The first is the beauty of the body. Body types are generally divided into three types: fat and stout "super force type", moderately symmetrical "positive force type" and monotonous and slender "weak force type". A correct, even and harmonious figure gives people a sense of beauty.

A man's bodybuilding must first have a plump chest and broad shoulders, strong arms and vigorous legs. For women's bodybuilding, the chest should be plump and have obvious curves, the waist should be thin and powerful, the legs should be elegant and slender, the thigh lines should be soft, and the calf muscles should be strong and slightly convex, showing a spindle shape.

Secondly, the muscle distribution should be reasonable and the main circumference of the body should meet the requirements. Moreover, a bodybuilder's posture and movements should meet the standards of beauty. People's bodybuilding can be embodied and developed in action, and the strength, dexterity, speed, endurance and flexibility shown in people's activities show the beauty of exuberant vitality.

In a word, the basic conditions of human fitness are the same, but each form of fitness is different, and striving for beauty is like spring flowers. Male bodybuilding belongs to "magnificence" and female bodybuilding belongs to "beauty".